Excellent calligraphy on health themes

Isn’t the biggest wish of each of us living in this world is to be healthy? Below is the excellent calligraphy on health themes that I have compiled for you. I hope it will be useful to you!

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How to identify mud in calligraphy Authentic and fake inkstone

Chengni inkstone originated from bricks and tiles in the Qin and Han Dynasties. The firing process was gradually improved by later generations. By the Song Dynasty, it had become one of the "Four Famous Inkstones". The Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were the peak periods of development of Chengni Inkstone. However, due to the replacement of the ruling class and cultural differences, Chengni Inkstone was the key to identifying fakes during this period.

1. The Chengni Inkstone of the Song Dynasty

The most important type of inkstone is the mud-edged inkstone, which is simple and elegant. It contains elegant charm from the inside out. It is soft but strong, so it has the Song Dynasty. Shape? called. Therefore, the key to identifying Chengni inkstones of the Song Dynasty is to observe their shape. If you experience them carefully, you can feel the literati atmosphere of the Song Dynasty people's sword handling.

2. Chengni Inkstone of the Yuan Dynasty

Due to the influence of the Mongolian grassland culture, the inkstone changed from the elegance of the Song Dynasty to a crude and heavy appearance, showing the rough style of the nomadic people. For example, the Yuan cicada-shaped pure mud inkstone is large in size and round and rough in shape, just like a Mongolian warrior. Compared with the cicada inkstone in the Song Dynasty, it looks a bit "barbaric" and has distinct characteristics of the times.

3. Ming Dynasty Chengni Inkstone

The Ming Dynasty Chengni Inkstone has the best mud quality and is the densest. The proportioning and application of various Jinsha powders have been perfected. His mud-building style has also gradually changed from the "barbaric" style of the Yuan Dynasty to "robust" style, which is both elegant and solemn. For example, the Ming Dynasty dragon's head is made of mud and inkstone. Its shape is freehand and exaggerated. The dragon's head is powerful and square, its eyes are bright, and its beard and hair are scattered on all sides, which shows its "strong" internal charm. What's more ingenious is that the dragon's mouth is wide on the outside and deep on the inside, which can be used as a water bowl. Just imagine how interesting it is to use a brush to take water from the dragon's mouth and grind ink!

IV. Clear mud inkstone of the Qing Dynasty

Although the mud is not as dense as that of the Ming Dynasty, the craftsmanship of the mud repairing and carving However, it is extremely delicate and can be said to be the "pinnacle work" among all generations of pure mud inkstones. Like a clear mud inkstone with a clear cloud and phoenix pattern, the knife work is exquisite and realistic. There is a phoenix peeking out from between the layers of clouds, with a charming figure and all its feathers. The cirrus pattern is decorated with a troweling technique with an inclined side edge, and the knife strokes are consistent and can be accomplished in one stroke without any feeling of sluggishness.

Other methods:

Understand the technological characteristics of the Chengni Inkstones of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and look back at the many imitations and fakes on the market today. The poor workmanship can be clearly seen at a glance. Take a modern imitation of the Wo Niu Watching the Moon Chengmu Inkstone as an example. At first glance, the mud on the inkstone body is hard and smooth, and the surface of the inkstone is meticulously carved with clear hair patterns. The deep ink pool echoes the concave and convex patterns of the relief clouds and moons. , there is also an imitation stone skin on the right side of the inkstone. If you tap it lightly with your finger, you will hear a dull sound. However, if you look carefully, you can still easily see the loopholes in the imitation products. First, the inkstone body is not pure mud. Although the clay of this inkstone is very similar to eel yellow, it is actually made of a mixture of stone powder and chemical glue. Although the surface is dense and smooth, there is no flash of gold sand, and it cannot be used to grind ink. Second, the carving is dull. The moiré pattern is not slanted, and the carving marks are heavy. At the same time, the position of the crescent moon is contrary to common sense. In the Chengni Inkstone decoration, whether the new moon or the full moon is deep into the clouds, half hidden and half visible, the new moon is completely hung in front of the clouds, which is not like the style of the ancients. Third, the printing is forged. On the lower right corner of the back of the inkstone is printed the four-character seal script "Qianlong Year System". The handwriting is loose and scattered, and the organization is messy, which is far from the original inscription.

Each period shows different process characteristics. Understanding these different process characteristics can be said to be the key to identifying fake Chengni inkstones.