What is a vertical axis and a lens for mounting calligraphy and painting?

Generally speaking, all calligraphy and painting mounted vertically are called vertical axes.

In fact, the mounting size of Chinese calligraphy and painting is large and small. Professionally speaking, frames over four feet (full) are called "big shafts", commonly known as "nave", extra-large ones are called "lobby" or "big nave", and frames under three feet (full) are called "vertical shafts" and "screen strips" (single frames are called strips). Screen width (screen bar) is divided into two categories: single view and general view. Since the Song Dynasty, attention must be paid to the order when hanging panoramic paintings. There are several unique scenes, some of which are related in content. Generally, there are at most 16 panoramas.

Lens: lens is a modern mounting term, also known as film. Refers to mounting into a single piece, without hanging shafts, and generally does not turn over (not sticking to the four sides) when mounting. Generally, film is placed in the frame, so it is also called "mirror center".