Qi is the145th surname in China, with a large population, accounting for about 0.08% of the Han population in China. ?
(1) Tracing back to the source of Qi surname is Liu: 1, which came from Gong Zu of Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to Yuan He Shi Bian and Ci Yuan, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the fourth Hou Xian was a doctor of Jin and lived in Qi (the old city was located in Guxian Town, fifteen miles southeast of Qixian County, Shanxi Province), so Yi was the surname. 2, from the surname Ji, after the Yellow Emperor. According to Guang Yun, among the 25 sons of the Yellow Emperor, 14 have surnames, including Qi. 3. People, descendants of Yao. According to the textual research of surnames, Qi's surnames are after Yaodi. According to the historical records of this road, Qi State followed. 5. Sima Yi was named after his father in Zhou Dynasty. According to legend, Clifford was an official in charge of Jia Bing affairs, and later generations took the official name as their surname. 6. From other nationalities. Manchu surname in Qing dynasty, living in Shenyang; In addition, the Manchu Eight Banners in Qing Dynasty changed their surnames to Qi after Chideli. In the Qing Dynasty, the toast of Xining (now Qinghai) in Gansu and the toast of Nianbo County (now Ledu in Qinghai) were Qi and Mongolian. The Tu nationality is Qiga, and the Han nationality is Qi. Today, Tujia, Yi, Manchu, Baoan, Dongxiang, Hui and other ethnic groups all have this surname.
(2) The ancestor of Qi was named Antelope. Doctors in the state of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin Wengong was a lieutenant in China's army. Later, due to his advanced age, he asked for retirement. He first recommended his enemies to solve the problem of loneliness and died because he didn't go to his post. He also recommended his son Wu Qi to take his place. Confucius praised him: "It's ok to promote the enemy outside, but it's impossible to avoid relatives inside." After Jin Pinggong ascended the throne, he was appointed as a public doctor. The real name Ji, in the first year (556), seized all the grain, took the land as the surname, and changed the surname Qi. Later generations respected Qi as their ancestors.
(3) The reproduction and spread of the Qi family originated from the Qi land, which almost included the whole Jinzhong Pingchuan at that time. In the 12th year of Jin Qinggong (the first 5 14), Qi Ying, the grandson of Qi, was killed for his crime and the food city was confiscated. Since then, the descendants of Qi have been scattered in Shanxi. After the three clans were divided into Jin Dynasty, the Qi surname originated from Qi State and scattered in Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and other provinces. In the Western Han Dynasty, the surnames of Qi seen in history books included Wang Yang Sun You Qi Hou Tower (originally Qi Hou) and Xinfeng (now southwest of Weinan, Shaanxi) Fu Qi Tai Bo. It can be seen that Qi has settled in Shaanxi. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the surname of Qi was still rare in history books. However, according to the records of "Hundreds of Surnames in Counties" and "Examination of Surnames", Qi has two surnames: one is Taiyuan County and the other is Fufeng County. It shows that from this time to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Qi family once flourished in the above two places for a long time, with a prosperous population and a loud reputation. In the later period, the surname of Qi in other places was also derived from these two punishments. This period is an era of great social unrest, great ethnic integration and the migration of people's congresses in the north. Due to the large number of northern gentry moving south, it is imperative for Qi to move south. For example, in the Three Kingdoms period, Wu had Qi Geng (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and in the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was Qi Xian in Hedong (now Xiaxian, Shanxi). During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Qi surname was widely distributed in the north, and now there are people living in Shandong, Gansu and other places. In the Song Dynasty, especially after the Southern Song Dynasty, the southern eponymous gradually flourished. Today, people surnamed Qi have settled in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and other places, and the famous South Renye Fang in history has gradually increased. Social unrest at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty led to a sharp drop in the population of Central Plains, East China and Central South China. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the Qi family in Shanxi was moved to Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shaanxi and other places as one of the surnames of people who moved to the pagoda tree in Hongdong in the Ming Dynasty. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the surname Qi was more widely distributed in China. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, the Qi family along the coast moved to Taiwan Province Province and other countries in South Asia. Today, the surname Qi is widely distributed in China, especially in Jiangsu, accounting for about 44% of the Han population in China.
(4) Wangtang Township, County. In the process of long-term reproduction and migration, the Qi family formed the following counties: 1, Taiyuan County, which was established in the Qin Dynasty and ruled Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and its jurisdiction was equivalent to the area south of Guancen Mountain and north of Huoshan Mountain in Wutai Mountain, Shanxi Province; 2. Fufeng County, located in Li Huai (now southeast of Xingping City, Shaanxi Province), is located in linyou county City, Shaanxi Province, west of Ganxian County and north of Qinling Mountains. Moved to Chiyang (now northwest of Jingyang, Shaanxi Province), and moved to the Northern Wei Dynasty (now east of Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province). Hall number: Taiyuan and Liansheng.
(5) Clan characteristics 1. Qi surname originated in the north, which means grand, and the contemporary Qi family is also quite grand. 2. The source of Qi surname is complicated. According to "Fu Shan Quanshu Spring and Autumn Tales of Celebrities", "Qi Ju: Promise for Ten Years". In winter, Gu killed Qi Ju. Note: Dr. Jin. " The tenth year of Nuo was in 650 BC, and the notes were recognized by Fu Shan, indicating that Qi Ju was a doctor of the State of Jin, nearly a hundred years earlier than Qi, which also made a good footnote for the complicated origin of Qi, but unfortunately his lineage has not been handed down.
(6) Wu Qi, the essence of celebrity: a person in the Spring and Autumn Period, a doctor in the State of Jin. Qi's son. The Duke of Jin mourned for four years (the first 570 years) and made his father a lieutenant. On one occasion, Jin Pinggong led an army to Quwo to chase Luan Ying. Qi Ying: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Wuzi was a native of Jin State and worked as a doctor in Jin Qinggong. Qi Sheng, the home minister, and Wu Zangyi's wife were fornicated and should be arrested. Qi Sheng bribed Yu Xun to intercede with Jin Hou and framed Qi Ying, who was killed by Jin Hou. Qi Xian: A native of Hedong, an alchemist in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Mao admired him and worshipped him as a doctor, and was soon dismissed. Qi Shunzhi: Fufeng (now Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province) was a minister in the Tang Dynasty. When Xuanzong was Zuo Si, he was the foreign minister. Tianbao five years, as a foreign minister of the Ministry of Punishment, was called to Beihai to slay the satrap Li Yong. In six years, he wrote "Fu on Opening a Beam and a Weir". Su Zonggan Yuan two years, compiled "Southern Dynasties Training". Xu Qi: Jiangnan Trainer, painter of Song Dynasty. He painted flowers, bamboo feathers, buffaloes and cats. Qi Zai: Jianghuai people, Song Jin famous doctor. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, officials were supplemented by medical skills. Nomads from the border city, captured, and then into the hospital. I have worked as a doctor and a doctor in the tired recruitment. Later, he was killed for opposing the attack on Song. Qi Shun: A native of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, was named He Zhi and Xun Chuan, a minister of the Ming Dynasty. Tianshun Jinshi, director of the Ministry of War, entered the doctor. Tired of officials going to Jiangxi to do deployment. There are Shi Qian Fu Zhi and Xun Jichuan. Qi Yi: A native of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, an official of the Ming Dynasty. Zheng dejin, director of the punishment department. Later, he served as a doctor of punishments, and was famous for being good at solving doubts and prisons. People call him the Qi Buddha. He was released as the magistrate of Raozhou. Qihe: A native of Anyi, Shanxi, an official of the Ming Dynasty. During Zheng De's reign, he was a scholar, and he was tired of being an official in Shandong. Jiajing suppressed the people who rebelled against the government in Qingyang Mountain, Shanxi Province, and was particularly affected by the festival. Qi Yunshi: A native of Shouyang, Shanxi, was an official and geographer in the Qing Dynasty. Dry dragon Jinshi, tired officer to the middle of Lang. Later, he was involved in prison and exiled to Yili, Xinjiang. In the 16th year of Jiaqing, he was employed as a lecturer at Sanshan College in Lanzhou. Familiar with Manchu, eager to study the territory of northwest mountains and rivers and the history of various tribes. There are Biography of Mongolian Princes Returning to the Ministry, A Brief History of President Ili, and A Brief History of the Ministry of Governors. Qi Tugong: a native of Gaoping, Shanxi Province, was a minister in the Qing Dynasty. In the first year of Jiaqing, he was a scholar. He has served as a doctor of punishments, a provincial judge in Zhejiang, an official in Guizhou, a governor in Guangxi, and an official in punishments. He was the governor of Guangdong when he died. Qi Cuizao: Shouyang, Shanxi, minister of the Qing Dynasty. Jiaqing Jinshi He used to be the minister of war, the minister of civil affairs and the minister of military aircraft. At the beginning of Tongzhi, he was a college student, and he was a minister of rites (both prime ministers). He advocates simple learning, likes ci and is good at calligraphy. There are Ma Shou Nong Yan and Notes on Diligence. His younger brother Qi Suzao, a scholar in Daoguang period, once sent envoys to Hunan and Jiangning. His son, Qi Shichang, is also a scholar. He is the official minister of the Ministry of Industry and the magistrate of Shuntian. He is the author of "The Essentials of Hanlin Calligraphy" and "The Chronicle of Qi Wenrui Gong". Qi Huan: A native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, was a painter in Qing Dynasty. He was good at painting and became a family in his later years, which was quite interesting to him. I like to collect Ding Yi's ancient books, especially those from Gu Yan. And "28 Yan Zhai Ji". Qi: Born in Shanghai (now Shanghai), Jiangsu Province, he was an official in the Qing Dynasty. Official to magistrate. In Guangdong 17, I was in charge of westernization and was familiar with it. During the Tongzhi period, the first batch of overseas students from China were escorted to the United States.
Last name source:
The first surname of Han nationality originated from Qi surname, which was changed to the first surname because of the emperor's slip of the tongue. In the Northern Song Dynasty 10 10, the emperor called Qi Yong, who was the foreign minister in charge of money and grain, and mistakenly called Qi Qing's family Chu Qing's family. Because no one dared to point out the emperor's slip of the tongue, he changed his surname from Qiyong and his grandfather Chu Huian to Chu Huian. Chu Zhenhua, Honghu Lake, Hubei Province, said that his genealogy was recorded. So the ancestor of the first surname is Chu Huian. II has five brothers and III has 22 brothers. Note: Du Zhi: The Department of State Budget Management in Song Dynasty, equivalent to the Ministry of Finance, is subordinate to a department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development; Yuan Wailang: Official name, deputy, equivalent to the current deputy director.
County government number:
Nanjun: The land of Chu occupied by the Qin Dynasty was located in Nanjun, ruled by Ying, and moved to Jiangling. Sun Wu once moved the public security. The Western Jin Dynasty ruled Jiangling. Suinan County is Jingzhou.
Qixian County: Linzi County was the first county in the Western Han Dynasty, and later it was changed to Qixian County to govern Linzi. Sui and Tang Dynasties belonged to Beihai County, Qingzhou.
Clan characteristics: 1, loyalty and filial piety; 2. Integrity; 3. Obey the law; 4. Diligence and simplicity.