Author: Xin Qiji
Qi 'an Fu in Lingshan, when Yan Lake was not built.
the mountains are facing the east, and the mountains are facing the east.
It's shocking and turbulent, and the jumping beads splash backwards;
the small bridge is transverse and lacks the bow at the beginning of the moon.
the old people are idle, and heaven teaches many things.
The head of the school is a hundred thousand loose.
my house is small, outside the shadow of dragons and snakes,
amid the wind and rain.
rushing to meet each other,
look at the cool coming three peaks.
like Xie's children, dressed up and aboveboard;
like a family, the car rides gracefully.
I think in the meantime, it's magnificent and elegant,
as if I were too honest with the article.
Xindi Road, ask what day Yan Lake is,
Is it foggy?
Appreciation:
Reading the landscape poems of Xin Qiji, a great poet, you will find how much he loves the mountains and rivers of the motherland. Sometimes it seems that he has entered a realm of wandering between gods and things. The landscapes in his works seem to be the same as people, with thoughts, personality and aura. He lingers in them, feeling his words and feelings, and has a new world. The above song "Qinyuanchun" has this feature.
This word was written about the Lingshan scenery in the west of Shangrao when Song Ningzong Qingyuan retired from his post in two years. Lingshan is more than a thousand feet high and stretches for hundreds of miles (Jiangxi Tongzhi), with 72 peaks. The mountains are facing the east, and the mountains are facing the east, which is the magnificent weather here. The mountains here are either westward or eastward, as if thousands of vigorous horses in Qian Qian were galloping back and forth on the vast grassland. In the poet's pen, the still mountains came alive and moved!
The first three sentences are written about the peaks of Lingshan Mountain, which is a long-term vision. Write a close-up again: the shock is rushing down, and the jumping beads are splashing; The small bridge is transverse, lacking the bow at the beginning of the month. There are waterfalls pouring down here, splashing glittering and translucent water drops, such as the bouncing reflection of the Pearl of Wanhu. There is also a crescent-shaped bridge that spans the clear and swift stream. The poet, like a brilliant painter, re-painted a few beautiful and warm feelings on the magnificent picture of mountains and mountains.
The continuous dense forest is another scenery here. Xin Qiji said in the preface of a poem "Returning to the Chao Huan": The port of calamus in Qi 'an, Lingshan, is full of pines and luxuriant forests. Therefore, the poet went on to write: old people are idle, heaven teaches many things, and the proofreader is a hundred thousand loose. Facing this boundless tall and lush pine forest, Xin Qiji couldn't help imagining: how these tall pine trees look like heroic and invincible soldiers. What a hero I think I am when I am strong. Now that I am old, I should live an idle life, but God won't let me be idle and wants me to command this 1,-long pine army! Humorous laughter or joy? Or is it bitter? Or laugh at yourself? There is an unspeakable taste. Deep down, there is indeed a lonely anger that there is no way to serve the country.
The first film is about the beauty of the overall environment of Lingshan, while the second film is about the poet expressing his feelings in nature. Xin Qiji is in this beautiful Qi 'an, looking around, with endless green hills in various shapes. At dawn, in the fresh air to meet the dawn, several peaks in the east, like innocent and lively children, poked their heads out of the fog one after another, vying to meet me and say hello to me. The red sun has risen, the mountains are clear, and it is full of weather. You see, there is a mountain peak rising from the ground, which is steep and natural, full of spirit. Isn't the graceful demeanor of its beautiful young man like the Xie family's children in the Eastern Jin Dynasty like Zhilan Yushu? Look at that majestic mountain, covered with pines and towering rocks. Its noble and beautiful manners are not like the luxurious and graceful style when Sima Xiangru went to Linqiong!
The poet marveled that the beauty of nature is inexhaustible. Being in this beautiful land with thousands of peaks, it seems that people feel vigorous, profound, elegant, vigorous and other beautiful feelings, as if reading a good article by Tai Shigong, giving people rich spiritual enjoyment. It's fun, fun is endless! In the author's mind, the build house of Lingshan is wonderful, so he inquired about the plan to build Yanhu with concern, and he felt a sense of living here for a long time!
This word describes the majestic scenery of Lingshan throughout, which is quite noteworthy. It is different from the general works describing landscapes. It rarely actually describes the specific forms of landscapes, but uses virtual pen to convey the spirit and freehand brushwork. Such as writing mountains like galloping horses, loose like soldiers, writing with great vigor and vitality, is a portrayal of the poet's eternal struggle character, that is, the green hills mentioned in his ci are slightly similar to my feelings and looks. Obviously, the author wrote this word, trying to write its inner spirit through the shape of the mountain peak; Try to write out the inner beauty of nature that I feel. In order to convey the gods of mountains and rivers, it is not possible to use general realistic methods. So Xin Qiji uses allusions to unexpectedly compare the graceful and elegant style of ancient figures to the graceful and graceful attitude of mountain peaks, and uses the majestic and elegant style of Taishigong's articles to describe the profound and magnificent bearing of Lingshan. On the surface, these two things seem to be neither fish nor fowl, but they have some similarities in spirit, which can make people associate with each other. This unique metaphor is really superb! Of course, the vivid portrayal of the landscape is the subjective feeling of people who simply write about the scenery, which is actually closely related to the author's mind and the author's ideological realm. This kind of you have me, and I have your spiritual realm, just as Xin Qiji himself said: I see how charming Qingshan is, and I expect Qingshan to see me. The lyricist's freehand brushwork, which conveys the gods of mountains and rivers, has created a generation of precedent in landscape literature and is worth imitating by future generations. Xin Qiji's Qinyuanchun New House with Lake Will Become
"Qinyuanchun New House with Lake Will Become"
Author: Xin Qiji
Three paths have begun to take shape, and the crane resents the ape,
Jiaxuan's future.
even Yunshan promised himself, and he was angry all his life;
a well-dressed man laughs, which kills the dust.
if you are tired, you have to pay back. If you are idle, you are too early.
Is it a kind of fish?
On the Qiu Jiang, watch the frightened geese avoid,
The boat will return to the rough sea.
Donggang is more responsible for repairing Mao Zhai.
all right, open the porch window near the water.
If you want to go fishing in a boat, you should plant willows first.
Hedging and protecting bamboo will not hinder plum viewing.
Autumn chrysanthemums can be eaten, and Chunlan can be admired.
Leave them to your husband.
I hesitate for a long time, for fear that your grace will not be allowed.
This idea lingers.
Note:
1. Three paths: refers to the residence of the hermit.
2. The crane resents the ape's surprise: expressing his eagerness to retire. Applying Kong Zhi's "The Northern Mountain Moves to the Text": The account is empty, and the crane complains at night, and the mountain people go to Xi Xiao and the ape is surprised.
3. Jia Xuan: refers to the poet himself.
4. Death: After all, after all.
5. Soup perch: delicious. "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Jian pian": Zhang Hanguan of Luoyang in the Western Jin Dynasty, seeing the autumn wind, thought about Wuzhong's water shield soup and bass, saying: Life is too expensive, how can you stay thousands of miles to be famous? I was ordered to drive home.
6. Qiu Jiang's last three sentences: Metaphorically, he ran into a wall in the officialdom and was excluded, so he avoided the world.
7. Autumn Chrysanthemum and Spring Orchid: Use Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs of Ritual Soul": Spring Orchid and Autumn Chrysanthemum will last forever! . It shows that the author himself is as noble as Qu Yuan and does not want to go along with the flow.
Appreciation:
Xin Qiji argued against gold and recovered the Central Plains, but the imperial court didn't want to do so, and it was difficult to pay if he didn't increase his ambition, so he was repeatedly reprimanded all his life. Because he can't meet the ruling clique of the Southern Song Dynasty, he feels that the future is sinister and will be expelled from the official career sooner or later. For the future, when he was appointed as an envoy of Jiangxi Anfu, he built a new house on the bank of the lake in the north of Shangrao as a retirement place in the future. It was named Jiaxuan and renamed Jiaxuan Jushi to show his ambition to go to the government and farm. This word was written one year before he retired, that is, when his new house was about to be completed in the eighth year of Chunxi (1181), expressing his complex feelings at that time.
The first film mainly focuses on the idea of abandoning politics and returning to the fields. The first sentence comes straight to the point and follows the topic. When Jiang Xu lived in seclusion in the Western Han Dynasty, there were three paths in front of his door. The three paths became synonymous with the hermit's residence. There is a sentence in Tao Yuanming's "Going Home" that the three paths are barren and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. The poet was somewhat relieved to be frustrated when the three paths were initially completed and he had a place to live in the future. However, this meaning, the author did not say it directly. Instead, the crane complains that the ape is surprised, and Jiaxuan will be in the future. The crane with the lake complains that the old ape is surprised by its owner's delay. The crane complains about the ape, which comes from Kong Zhijue's "Northern Mountain Moves" in the Southern Qi Dynasty: the crane complains at night, and the mountain people go to Xi Xiao and the ape is surprised. The difference is that Kong Zhijue was reinstated as an official with the crane ape who lived together day and night in the past, but Xin Qiji used this code to do the opposite, assuming that the crane ape who was about to be friendly with him complained about his official position and did not return. These two sentences are from the new house, saying that I hope to retire as soon as possible: even Yunshan four sentences are like talking to myself and writing subjective thoughts. Since my ambition in life is to be self-proclaimed, why do I always stay in the world as an official and provoke the sages and hermits to laugh at it! Obviously, this is just a complaint and self-mockery made by Xin Qiji after a series of blows by the capitulators. Who doesn't know that Xin Qiji's lifelong passion is to resist the rejuvenation of the country and unify the Jin and Ou, how can he promise himself with Yunshan! Now, however, it's hard to change, and things can't be helped. What can we do? If you are tired, you have to pay back, and your body is idle and expensive. Is it a slap in the face? The poet doesn't want to do anything against his will. He thinks that since he hates this ugly officialdom and can't rectify it with his own strength, he should retreat from the torrent as soon as possible, and don't wait for being driven off the stage before leaving. Besides, I'm not like Hans Zhang in the Western Jin Dynasty, who abandoned his post and returned to his hometown because he remembered the delicious perch and water shield soup in his hometown. His heart is clear, so why bother to resist the dust? Here, it implies that the contradiction between the author and the ruling clique in the Southern Song Dynasty has reached an irreconcilable level, and shows his open mind. Among them, the tired sentence shows that he is never willing to serve the government's policy of seeking security, and his ambition cannot be taken away: what is the sentence, indicating that his retirement is not for personal comfort; What is most worth appreciating is the word "your morning" in your leisure life. Of course, this is in response to Qu Lu's yearning for a new home, but it mainly shows that the poet can't bear the slander and blow from the opposition of the ruling group, and may have a premonition that a new persecution is waiting for him. It's better to get out and avoid early. Therefore, Qiu Jiang's last three sentences were naturally induced, which showed that the real reason for leaving politics and returning to the field was to avoid disaster, just as Hongyan fled when she heard the string, and the ship avoided when she saw the bad waves. He had no choice but to do so.
The next film is mainly about the blueprint for future life. The meaning of the word is still predestined, and the new house will rise. Success means that it has begun to take shape but needs to be further improved. In the second sentence of Donggang, let's talk about architecture first, and then build a hut as a study, located in Donggang, and open all the windows with water, which not only takes care of the word "lake" in the title, but also takes care of the spirit of life, that is, the self-proclaimed elegance of Yunshan. The connection between fishing for the same kind of willow shows that the poet yearns for the painting scene where the boat supports the willow shade. He expressed his weariness of the official struggle and his yearning for the tranquility of the countryside. Writing bamboo, plum, chrysanthemum and orchid below not only shows the poet's life interest, but also refers to the poet's moral integrity. Bamboo and plum are two of the three friends who are old and cold. Bamboo does not wither after winter, but flowers bloom when it is cold.
It shows the author's interest in playing with flowers and grass, and also shows his enthusiastic praise and yearning for the quality of bamboo and plum. As for chrysanthemums and orchids, they are noble flowers and plants loved by the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan. In Li Sao, he wrote some sentences, such as "Eating Chrysanthemum in English, Handing Autumn Orchid in Pei", to express the purity of what he ate and the fragrance of what he served. Xin Qiji said that since the ancients thought chrysanthemums could be eaten and orchids could be admired, he must plant them himself. Obviously, Qiu Ju said two words, planting flowers clearly, expressing one's heart, and the ancients aspired to be noble. You should follow suit yourself. However, Qu Yuan ate Ju Peilan after being exiled by the King of Chu, while Xin Qiji was still a minister in office at that time. Adhering to the ideal moral integrity can be decided, but you can't arrange it without going or staying. Therefore, he went on to say: I have been pondering for a long time, fearing that your grace will not be allowed, and this intention will linger. At first glance, these three sentences do not belong to the previous article at all, but when you think about it, it is precisely the implicit and true revelation of the author's psychological contradiction at that time. Xin Qiji devoted his life to national unity, but his ambition has not yet been realized. He didn't want to leave politics, but all the words said that he was afraid of your kindness. Therefore, on the one hand, it is obvious that Xin Qiji, a member of the ruling group, still has unrealistic fantasies about the decadent imperial court and fatuous emperor; On the other hand, it can be said that this is an expression of his never-ending devotion to the country, active participation in politics and sincere use of the world. The whole word ends in this wandering mood of having to hide, but wanting to hide.
This word, from beginning to end, can be said to be a record describing psychological activities. But the upper and lower pieces are different. The first film is written to hide the reason, and the feelings are gradual, from slight joy to disappointment, but angry and indignant. Reading it, such as watching the rising tide of a big river, the flow rate changes from slow to fast, the tide sound changes from small to big, and the words and feelings become more and more clear. After writing about the future plan, reading it is like boating in the river. The water is slow and steady, and I don't hear the sound of surging and whistling, but what I see is sparkling. And after the idea is completed, if the tour is over, I suddenly turn out and ponder for a long time. It seems that I just planned to, which is neither out of my heart nor feasible in practice. It is not feasible to suddenly show the boat water. However, although the two pieces are completely different in taste and style, because the new house will be a line throughout, there is no suspicion of splitting, but there is a muddy result. Xin Qiji, a raw Chazi, travels alone in the West Rock
Author: Xin Qiji
If the green hills can't be recruited, who will pity you?
It's too cold at the end of the year, so you advised me to live by the stream.
when the moon comes from the mountain, it's high in the sky.
Go to Qingxi every night and listen to Li Sao.
Appreciation:
In ancient poems about travel, it is very rare to take solo travel as the content. A solo tour, as the name implies, is a lonely trip without company, and at the same time, the mood is very depressed. Obviously, the author Xin Qiji belongs to this category at this time. In the winter of the eighth year of Chunxi (1181), he was framed and dismissed from office, and lived in the lakeside north of Shangrao for a long time. Xiyan is just south of Shangrao, with beautiful scenery. This word is his travels during his leisure time.
The first two sentences about Castle Peak show the poet's infatuation with Castle Peak. He seems to want to recruit the lofty and independent Castle Peak to the nearby place, but Castle Peak is indifferent, so he makes a kind complaint: Castle Peak, you are so arrogant, who will like you? Yan Yan means towering and arrogant. Castle Peak stands firm and does not pitch with people, which may be the character of the poet's imagination! Su Shi's poem says: Castle Peak is like a master, and often refuses to enter the government (Yuezhou Zhangzhongshe Shoule Hall). It seems that the towering green hills are absolutely different from the generation of philistines who are keen on fame and fortune. In Xin Qiji's pen, Qingshan is always written with extraordinary weather and understanding. For example, he wrote: I see how charming Qingshan is, and I expect Qingshan to see me like this ("Yu Meiren"). Castle Peak wants to * * * master language, and it is countless ("Bodhisattva Man". Jinling Shangxin Pavilion is a tribute to Prime Minister Ye. The green hills are full of vigor, and seem to be charming for my return ("Spring in Qinyuan expires again, and I think it will be built"). Between the author and Qingshan, the feelings and appearances are slightly similar. It can be said that they admire each other and are soul mates.