Ceng Gong, Han nationality, was born in Nanfeng, Jianchang (now Jiangxi), and later lived in Linchuan (now west of Fuzhou, Jiangxi). The following is an appreciation of Ceng Gong Ink Pool for your reference. Welcome to browse!
The Story of Mochi
Song Dynasty: Ceng Gong
East of Linchuan, the land is hidden but high, so it is close to the stream and called the new city. Above the new city, there are pools and depressions, but the side is long, such as Wang Xizhi's Mo Chi and Xun Bozi's Linchuan Ji. The taste of Xihe longed for Zhang Zhi, studied books in Linchi, and the water in the pool was all black. This is an old relic. Do you believe in evil?
Fang Xi should not be strong in being an official, but taste the extreme east and go out of the sea to entertain his mind between mountains and rivers; Is it that he wanders around wantonly, but he tries to rest from this evil? The book of Xi is good at night, and if it can, it will cover itself with energy, which is not natural. Then those who can't reach in the world are not as good as those who are evil. Then can you learn less, and those who want to further their morality are evil?
above Mo Chi, it is now a state school. Professor Wang Junsheng was afraid that it would not be a chapter, and the six words of the book' Jin Wang Youjun Mo Chi' were revealed in the book. He also told Gong Yue, "May there be a note". Pushing Wang Jun's heart, is it good to love others, although it can be abolished, but because of its evil deeds? It also wants to push things to encourage its scholars? My wife's ability has made future generations still so, and what a pity that the legacy of the benevolent Zhuang Shi was left in the afterlife!
Appreciation
Mo Chi Ji was written by the author at the request of Wang Sheng, a professor of Fuzhou State Studies, and it is a widely circulated work by the author. From the legendary remains of Wang Xizhi in Mo Chi, the article gives a clear and interesting account of the geographical location and origin of Mo Chi in a few words. Wang Sheng wrote the six words "Jin Wang Youjun Mo Chi" and warmly invited Ceng Gong to write it down, just to show the local cultural landscape and promote the local cultural connotation with the help of the reputation and relics of sages. However, Ceng Gong skillfully and tactfully made use of the topic, leaving the truth and falsehood of "Mo Chi" silent, but focusing on Wang Xizhi himself, indicating that Wang Xizhi's success depends on his unremitting efforts the day after tomorrow, thus naturally emphasizing the importance of learning. Learning skills is still the case, and improving personal moral cultivation should be even more so.
there is nothing novel in the article; However, the "morality of further study" and "the legacy of a benevolent scholar" mentioned in the article reflect the author's attention to Confucian orthodoxy. The article also embodies the characteristics of the author's emphasis on layout and clear narrative. The first paragraph describes the place, shape and origin of Mo Chi, which is simple and clear. Then it was discussed, and the "old story" was vaguely recognized in a speculative tone. After he briefly recorded Mo Chi's place and shape, he turned his pen to discuss the reasons for Wang Xizhi's success. From the fact that "the book of Xi is good at night", he explained that the success of a skill is "self-motivated by energy" and then put forward "morality for further study", which requires more efforts. Finally, the reason for writing is explained, and the writing purpose of "encouraging scholars" to learn from "benevolent scholars" is put forward by "pushing Wang Jun's heart". Talking about calligraphy is the meaning of "in the topic", while talking about "morality" and "the legacy of a benevolent scholar" is the meaning of "off topic". The whole article draws people's attention because of things, and is based on people's reasoning, and it is in-depth step by step. It is thorough in reasoning and gentle in attitude, and people who are quite good at it enlighten the elegance of later life. The article talks while narrating. It is very relevant to argue by borrowing things, because it is small and big, and it is far-reaching and far-reaching. Many rhetorical questions are used in this paper, but the actual meaning is affirmation, so the words are euphemistic and implicit, which can make people think deeply.
There are only three paragraphs in the full text. At the beginning of the first paragraph, we don't want to cut to the chase, but focus on the whole, focusing on the big picture. On the surface, it is all about the new city, and there is no mention of Mo Chi. In fact, it gives us a rough outline of the geographical environment around the ink pool, just like a "panoramic shot" in the movie. Then, the author closes his eyes, narrows the scope, from big to small, and finally highlights Mo Chi. "On top of the new city, there are pools and depressions, but the side is long. The Mo Chi of the Japanese king Xizhi, Gou Bozi's Linchuan Ji Yun also." At this point, the word "Mo Chi" in the title was formally written, and the six words "hollow but square and long" were used to outline the appearance characteristics of Mo Chi, and a "close-up" of Mo Chi itself suddenly appeared in front of readers. What should be put forward here is that the judgment of "Mo Chi's King Xizhi of Japan" was spoken by an ancient man, Gou Bozi, and the author did not personally reveal it. The writing was clever and interesting. The legendary Mo Chi of Wang Xizhi is located in the east of Linchuan, and there are many other places. As to whether the legend of Linchuan Mo Chi is true or not, the author only paraphrases Gou Bozi's Linchuan Ji. Then I used the rhetorical question "Do you believe in evil?": Is this true? The theory of not deepening is another ingenious point of the author's writing. The above is the first paragraph of the article. This paper briefly introduces the relevant situation of Linchuan Mo Chi from three aspects: geographical location, appearance characteristics and the reason for its name, leaving a clear overall image. The writing is full of twists and turns, the conception is exquisite and meticulous, and it is fascinating to read. The eight principles of "learning from the pond, the water in the pond is completely black" illustrate Wang Xizhi's assiduous and single-minded study of books at ordinary times, which provides arguments and foreshadows the following arguments.
at this point, it seems that the article can develop with the trend and enter people's discussion. However, the author is not in a hurry to make comments, but inserted a memorable paragraph in the first half of the second paragraph, tracing an experience of Wang Xizhi. The first four sentences depict Wang Xizhi's lofty character of hating muddy officialdom, loving scenic spots and pursuing a leisurely life through his specific actions of "going out of the sea in the extreme east" and visiting everywhere, and at the same time, he is prepared for "taking a rest here"; The last two sentences, "Are there any people who wander around and indulge in this evil?" With the tone of questioning and speculation, it is pointed out that he has been to Linchuan area, which indirectly explains why Linchuan East left the remains of Mo Chi, and supplements the origin of Linchuan Mo Chi.
After a brief introduction of Mo Chi's position, shape and origin, the author turned from narration to discussion, and gave a philosophical and incisive exposition from the ruins of Mo Chi: "The book of Xi is good at night, if it can, it will not be natural to cover it with energy." These words mean: Wang Xizhi's calligraphy didn't reach the exquisite level until his later years. This ability can be obtained by hard study and hard practice, and it is by no means born. Wang Xizhi is an outstanding calligrapher, known as the "book saint". However, according to the biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin, his calligraphy was not as good as that of Yu Yi and Xi Jing at first, and it was not until his later years that he reached perfection and entered a wonderful place. Once Yu Yi saw a letter written by him in grass, and was greatly amazed, thinking that he could compete with Zhang Zhi, a "sage of grass". The so-called "the book of Xi is good at night" here refers to this historical fact. The author firmly grasped the word "late is good" as an important basis for his argument, which caught the root of the problem. Therefore, he made the correct conclusion that "if he can, he will make himself with energy, but it is not natural" without the need for quotation, and he only used a few words, with a euphemistic but firm tone. Its fine argument and concise writing are also excellent in ancient prose. In order to further broaden the meaning of the text, the author then uses the word "ran" to lead to the following: "If there is no one who can reach it in the next world, is it that his learning is not as good as his evil?" Then can you learn less, and those who want to further their morality are evil? " Later generations failed to catch up with Wang Xizhi. Did they not work hard enough in their studies? In this way, hard work in study is indispensable! What's more, what about achieving high moral achievements? This paragraph is the center of the full text, highlighting a word "learning".
However, the ultimate goal of the author's writing is not simply to emphasize learning. In his view, it is particularly important to improve moral cultivation. So at the end of the paragraph, the study of "further moral education" is especially important. Here's "is it better to learn than to be evil?" And "Who wants to study morality is evil?" Both interrogative sentences are completely positive. In the third part of the article, the author turns to Mo Chi himself, and the full text appears to be full of twists and turns. The sentence "Above Mo Chi, today is the state school house" means that it has now become the school building of the state school, which complements the present situation of Mo Chi, and thus naturally leads to the story of Wang Sheng, a professor of the state school: "Professor Wang Junsheng is afraid that it will be out of chapter, and the six words of' Jin Wang Youjun Mo Chi' are revealed in the book. I also told Gong Ri that the "seal" of "the original record" is a loan word of "Zhang Zhang", which means obvious and well known. "Wang Youjun" was named "Wang Youjun" in history because Wang Xizhi was a general of the right army. "Tanya" is the pillar in front of the house. "Jie" originally meant to reveal and hold high, and here it is extended to suspension. Wang Sheng, a professor of state studies, was worried that the origin of Mo Chi could not be widely known, so he wrote "Jin Wang Youjun Mo Chi" and hung it between the pillars, and told the author that he hoped to write a "record". These words express Wang Sheng's commendation to Wang Xizhi, and also explain the origin of the writing of Mo Chi Ji, which is very concise. After that, the article is divided into two layers, to infer Wang Sheng's intention to do so. The first layer is: "Pushing Wang Jun's heart, is it good to love others? Although it is possible not to waste it, it is because of its evil deeds?" It means: I guess Wang Jun's mind is because he loves other people's strengths, even if he has a skill, he won't be buried, so even his remains are taken seriously? This is what Wang Sheng admires Wang Xizhi; The second layer is: "He also wants to push things to encourage his scholars to be evil". The general idea is: Are you trying to encourage those state students by promoting Wang Xizhi's touching deeds? This layer is based on Wang Sheng's special status, which encourages scholars. The two meanings are all speculative words, so there is no rhetorical tone, which shows that the author uses a fine pen and does not easily let go of even minor points. On the one hand, the word "encouraging scholars" points out the painstaking efforts of Wang Sheng, and it is also the profound meaning of the author's "remembering"; As far as the structure is concerned, it can also be regarded as a concrete exposition of the theme of the full text "How to learn less" above. On the basis of speculating on Wang Sheng's intention and pointing out the origin of writing, the author made a comment again: "My wife's ability makes the wind think" refers to the good style and moral character handed down. "Being in the afterlife" means influencing future generations. It is wonderful that the full text ends with the word "He Ruzai". The beauty lies in the fact that the author does not directly tell the original intention, but the reader appreciates it himself, which has an artistic effect of implication and endless aftertaste. The conclusion is that the legacy of "a benevolent scholar" is bound to spread for a long time and have a far-reaching impact, which has a strong incentive effect on the student literati at that time and has received the artistic effect of deepening the theme.
in his article, Ceng Gong focuses on "theory" rather than "recording", which seems to be far from the topic and the center. However, the author immediately closed the pen and said that Professor Wang Sheng made an appointment to take notes himself, probably with the intention of encouraging later scholars to be as diligent as Wang Xizhi and never give up. This writing not only elevated Wang Sheng's ideological realm, but also made the play of the previous articles become the words in the topic and the words in the purpose. The previous article is a vertical one, and here is a collection, which fully shows how round and tight the author's artistic conception is. Last but not least, it is a word of exhortation to the scholars who have inspired them: people who have a skill will be respected from the heart by future generations. Then, what will future generations do to those who are excellent in character and learning? Its meaning is self-evident.
According to the title, The Story of Mochi belongs to the kind of "recording" prose that describes historical sites. However, the author did not stop at the tedious narration of the historical sites themselves, but gave full play to his artistic talent of reasoning, closely surrounding Mo Chi, the central clue running through the whole paper, while recording, discussing, and discussing, regardless of the narrative discussion, he can write freely. The narrative part not only describes the orientation, topography and environment of the new town, but also narrates the origin of Mo Chi, and introduces Wang Xizhi's life experience and his ideal interest. Vivid and unique, with distinct veins. All narrative words only serve as a foil and a starting point for discussion. The discussion part is concise and logical. For example, based on the historical fact that Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is "late is good", the author only uses the word "late" to fully explain that Wang Xizhi's exquisite brushwork is "self-made by energy" and "unnatural". As for the fact that later generations did not catch up with Wang Xizhi, it was not because of lack of genius, but "his learning was inferior to that of others", that is, his subjective efforts were inferior to his, so the final conclusion naturally fell on "whether learning is indispensable" and pointed out that the key to the problem is the spirit of hard study. In this way, the author only needs a few words to get to the point and get the effect of turning the stone into gold; Once the main idea was pointed out, it came to an abrupt end, leaving room for thinking. Through the alternation of narration and discussion, the full text shows the ups and downs, highlighting the distinct theme of encouraging people to learn, thus making this "narration" prose an excellent reasoning sketch with rich literature and emotion, rigorous structure and vivid brushwork.