Modern Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring Changsha"
Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River north, Orange Island.
You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed; The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow.
The eagle strikes the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frost fight for freedom.
Lonely, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?
I took a hundred couples on a trip to reminisce about the past years.
Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom; Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu.
Pointing out the maze, inspiring words, the dirt in Wan Huhou that year.
Remember hitting the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the speedboat?
Vernacular translation:
On a crisp autumn day in late autumn, I stood alone in Orange Island, watching the clear water of Xiangjiang River slowly flow northward.
You see that thousands of peaks have all turned red, and the layers of trees seem to be stained with color. The river is crystal clear, and the big ships are racing against the wind and waves.
The eagle flies briskly in the vast sky, the fish swims briskly in the clear water, and everything competes for free life in the Qiu Guang.
Facing the boundless universe, I want to ask: Who decides to dominate the rise and fall of this boundless earth?
In retrospect, my classmates and I often come here hand in hand to play. Talking about state affairs together, countless extraordinary years still haunt me.
Students are in their youth and prime of life; Everyone is ambitious, unrestrained and strong.
Commenting on state affairs, writing these turbulent and clear articles, treating the warlords and bureaucrats at that time as dirt.
Do you remember we swam in the rapids together? At that time, the waves were big enough to stop the fast-moving ships.
Precautions:
1, Qinyuanchun: Inscription name, "Qinyuan" is a royal garden built by Emperor Han Ming of the East for his daughter Princess Qinshui. According to the Biography of Dou Xian in the later Han Dynasty, Dou Xian, the uncle of Princess Qinshui, seized the princess garden by virtue of her sister's status as queen. Later generations lamented it and sang it with poems, which gradually became the inscription "Qinyuanchun".
2. Xiang (xiāng) River: Axiang River, the largest river in Hunan Province, originates from Haiyang Mountain in the south of lingchuan county, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with a total length of 65,438+0,752 Li, which flows northeast through the eastern part of Hunan Province, passes through Changsha and enters Dongting Lake in the north.
3, cold autumn: it is already late autumn, late autumn. Autumn is already chilly, so it is called cold autumn.
4. Orange Island: The place name, also known as Shuiluzhou, is a long and narrow island in the Xiangjiang River in the west of Changsha City, with Yuelu Mountain in the west. The length from north to south is about 1 1 Li, and the widest point from east to west is about one Li. The so-called Long Island "Answering Friends" in Mao Zedong's Seven Laws refers to this. It has been a tourist attraction since the Tang Dynasty.
In the cold autumn, I watched the Xiangjiang River flow northward independently in Orange Island.
Wanshan refers to Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of Xiangjiang River and many nearby peaks.
6, the forest is completely dyed: the forest on the mountain is turned red by frost, like dyed.
7. Manjiang: Manjiang. Man: Full, all over.
8. Ge (gě): A big ship. This refers to ordinary ships.
9. contention for traffic: contention-driven.
10, the eagle hits the sky directly, and the fish is shallow: the eagle flies in the sky and the fish swims in the clear water. Fight, fight. What is described here is that flying is vigorous and powerful. "Xiang" originally refers to a hovering bird, and here refers to a fish swimming around.
1 1. All kinds of frost and sky compete freely: everything competes and lives freely in Qiu Guang. All species: refers to all living things. First frost Day: refers to late autumn.
12, chàng Liáo kuo: I feel blue in the face of the vast universe. Disappointment: originally meant to be depressed, it is used here to express the passionate and generous emotions caused by deep thinking.
13, liáo kuò: Broad and spacious, used here to describe the vastness of the universe.
14, boundless: boundless, confused.
15, Lord: Lord.
16, ups and downs: similar to the meaning of "ups and downs" (ups and downs), it is a metaphor for the ups and downs of things, here refers to ups and downs.
17, Bailu: Many partners. Couples, here refers to classmates (also refers to comrades-in-arms).
18, the years are heavy: there are many unusual days. Extraordinary: the mountain is high and steep, which means extraordinary. Thick: more.
19, Cha: Just in time, just in time.
Classmate: Mao Zedong 19 13 to 19 18 studied in Hunan First Normal School. 19 18 Mao Zedong, Xiao Yu and Cai Hesen organized Xinmin society and started his early political activities.
20, in full bloom: the style is full of talent.
2 1, scholar: scholar, here refers to young students.
22. Spirit: will and spirit.
23. Fang Qiu (qiú): vigorous and unrestrained. Zhuangzi Tian Zifang: "Swing at the Eight Extremes". Guo Xiang's note: "It's better to put it down." Qiu, strong and powerful. Fang: Positive. Condemning Fang Qiu means enthusiasm and energy.
24. Guide the country and inspire words: comment on state affairs, attack ugly phenomena with words and praise beautiful things. The article written is calm and clear. Pointing, commenting. Jiangshan refers to the country. Stimulate, stir up turbidity, criticize turbidity and praise goodness.
Regard Wan Huhou as dirt: regard warlords and bureaucrats at that time as dirt. Dirt, used as a verb, means to treat ... like dirt. Wan Huhou was the highest marquis in the Han Dynasty, enjoying the tax of thousands of farmers. Here refers to the big warlords and bureaucrats. Ten thousand households refer to the accounts in the marquis's fief, and they have to pay rent and labor to the sealed person.
26. Middle Reach: The place where the river is deep and fast.
Go into the water: The author wrote: "Go into the water: swim." At that time, beginners, rising water in midsummer, killed several people, and the last group of people persisted in the dead of winter, still in the river. At that time, I forgot a poem, only remembering two sentences: I am confident that I will live for 200 years, and I will be a water hammer with a distance of 3,000 miles. "Here, I quote Zu Ti's allusion" Liu Zhongzhong ". (Zu Ti overthrew the state power and always had the intention of reviving the recovery. Yuan Di asked him to be General Wei Fen and the secretariat of Yuzhou, and provided him with a reserve of 1000 men and 3000 pieces of cloth, but he didn't give combat clothes and weapons, so he could recruit his own men. Zu Ti still led 100 many exiled subordinates across the Yangtze River. When he reached the middle of the river, he threw his paddle and vowed, "If Zu Ti can't pacify the Central Plains and cross the river again, it will be like the water of the Yangtze River is gone forever!" His words were impassioned and his expression was tragic, and everyone was deeply impressed by his oath. ) This refers to swimming.
27. Stop (è): Stop.
28. Qinyuanchun Changsha gambles on European (IU) rhyme. Rhymes include: autumn, head, transparency, flow, freedom, swimming, thickness, length, back, opposition and boat.
Appreciation of works:
1, historical perspective
In the history of China's poetry, Qu Yuan was the first poet who described the natural beauty in great quantities and combined it with his concern for the country and the people. This is a fine tradition of China's classical poetry. Mao Zedong's poems inherited this fine tradition. He is good at combining natural beauty with social beauty and expressing the content of social beauty through the vivid artistic image of natural beauty. By describing autumn scenery in Changsha and recalling his revolutionary struggle life in his youth, this word puts forward the question of "Who is in charge of ups and downs", and expresses his optimism about the future of the Chinese nation and his great ambition to take what's going on in the world as his own responsibility.
In particular, the last three sentences of this word end with a question, which skillfully answers the question of "who is in charge of ups and downs". Just like hitting water in the middle of the year, bravely throw yourself into the storm of revolution and make bold progress.
2. Aesthetic perspective
Aesthetically speaking, sublime beauty is manifested in the external aspect, which is embodied in magnificent scenes such as tall, vast, majestic and magnificent. German philosopher Kant divided sublimity into two categories: mathematical sublimity, such as the volume of mountains; The sublimity of mechanics, such as the momentum of a storm. Chernyshevski, a famous Russian literary critic, also said: "One thing is much bigger than everything compared with it, and that is sublime." Confucius also linked "greatness" with sublimity and praised: "greatness! Yao is the king. This is embarrassing, only the sky is big, this is just embarrassing. " This kind of sublimity, broadness and magnificence is vividly reflected in the description of mountains and rivers in Chairman Mao's poems. Qinyuanchun Changsha is one of the best articles.
3. Calligraphy appreciation
This work, written about 1954, is the representative work of Mao Zedong's calligraphy. It is regarded by calligraphers as the latest work, the most mature and highest work in Mao Zedong's poetry ink, and also the last monument in the ink we have seen. Poetry and ink are written on two pages of red letterhead, *** 15 lines. Mao Zedong's brushwork is quick and clever, but his words are independent. The whole article is blunt and elegant, fluent and fluent, and his words are a link between the preceding and the following, looking around and reaching the beauty of nature; Get rid of the tense situation, but the bones and muscles are healthy, beautiful and free and easy, the words are small and sparse, and the words are not connected, but the veins are smooth, the ink is moist, fat and comfortable, and there are no strange words, strange pens and unbiased ink. For example, one hundred couples, young and elegant, are walking slowly on the banks of Xiangjiang River, but they are ambitious. "This painting uses Fang Bi as a garden pen and Shi Lufeng as a Tibetan front. It is elegant and carefree, implicit and intriguing. The layout is dense, with lines without columns, and the lines are close to each other, which is almost equal to the blank between words. The structural pen is soft inside and rigid outside, "marking the auxiliary algae." "The book 100 words, the written test and ink color change with the book, which makes the book full of charm and perfect structure.
4. The angle of scenery description
"You see all over the mountains, and all the forests are dyed; The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow. The eagle hits the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frosty days compete for freedom. " From the content point of view, write mountains, Woods, Xiangjiang River, ships, eagle fish and so on. There are both natural objects and animals and plants, with complete categories and full of vitality. From the perspective of landscape writing, the author has a distance from the perspective, from logic, from point to surface, from reality to nothingness, from nature to human beings.
5. Artistic perspective
The artistic expression of China's classical poetry attaches great importance to the blending of scenes. Liu Xie said: "The taste is complicated, but it is boring when it is light." (Wen Xin Diao Long) Xie Zhen said: "Landscape is the medium of poetry, and love is the embryo of poetry; It is a poem, a few words are unified, and the vitality is endless. " The word "Poem Four Styles" has reached the realm of well integrating scenes.
6. Main contents
Uptown: Today's Tour describes the relationship between man and nature and the autumn scenery of Xiangjiang River.
Xia Kun: The author of "Back to the Past" is related to a radical group, recalling his classmates' days and expressing his thoughts and ambitions.
7. Ideological
The sublime beauty is manifested in the inner aspect, which is the reflection of a great and noble mind. Ron Girnus of ancient Rome put forward that sublimity is "the echo of a great mind" in his article On Sublime. The second half of the word focuses on lyricism, which is the expression of this great spiritual echo. This expression is first obtained through memory.