Palace poems are centered on the court, with eroticism as the content, depicting red and green, heaping incense and building jade, flashy and absurd, empty and boring.
The gentry in the Southern Dynasties lived a relatively comfortable life, and they used to write five-character poems as a means to show that they were literati. If they can't write poetry, they will be despised and unable to participate in social activities. Poetry has completely become an ornament of decadent life, and Jian 'an temperament and Wei and Jin character have long since disappeared. The poetry creation in the early Tang Dynasty followed the style of writing in the Southern Dynasties, and the poet "struggled for the strangeness of rhyme, and the ingenuity of a family." Long text, not the shape of moon dew; The backlog is full of cases, but it is only the shape of the wind and cloud. "Even Li Shimin, the founding father of Britain, can't avoid customs, let alone show the boldness of vision in the poem Sunrise by Song Like Mao and Zhao Kuangyin, that is," it's not dark under the sea, and it's not dark on the ground ". "Li Shimin appreciates the literary works of the poet Zhang Changling, but Zhang Changling and others should be admitted to the imperial examination. Li Shimin asked why, and the examiner said that their writing style was not good material, so Li Shimin acquiesced.
He, Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo entered the poetry circle at the same time, and were called the four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty. Four outstanding poets played a pioneering role in the transition from classical poetry to regular poetry. Pei Hangjian, who is both civil and military, looks down on these four men, saying that if a scholar wants to make great achievements, he must first rely on knowledge, followed by literature and art. Although Wang Bo has literary talent, he is impetuous and superficial, unlike appreciating the materials that are blind. Yang Jiong can probably be a magistrate of a county, and it's good that we people can die well. These comments show that the development of new poetry is difficult. The four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty paved the way for the development of new poetry. Du Fu commented on the poems of the Four Masters: "Wang Yang, his contemporaries, were frivolous and never stopped. Second, Cao's name is ruined, and he does not waste rivers and mountains. " This evaluation is not only an objective reflection of the basic attitude of the poetry circle at that time, but also an affirmation of these four excellent poems.
Under the influence of the flashy style of writing in the Six Dynasties, court officials such as Song and Yan became a group of leading figures in poetry. Lu and Wang Luobin have been circling in the aftermath of Qi Liang, while Yang Jiong died early and went to a distant place to be an official, so the achievements of the four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty were not great. Wang Bo, with the highest achievement, left us with only good poems such as "However, China has our friendship and heaven has our neighbors", and there are almost no inspiring good poems, let alone providing a model for poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Perhaps it was Zhang He and his "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" that introduced the Tang Dynasty into the era of poetry.
Mr. Wen Yiduo once spoke highly of this poem: "In front of this poem, all admiration is rap, almost blasphemy." He added, "This is a poem among poems, the peak on the peak. Looking back from here, even Liu Xiyi is a process. Needless to say, Lu and his supporting actor Luo are both from Cheng Li. " It is said that Zhang and his "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" "cooperated with another peak and cleared the way for the prosperous Tang Dynasty-Zhang's contribution is immeasurable."
That's true! "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" is not only rich in the color and style of southern folk songs, but also successfully uses the new poetry meter brewed for nearly a hundred years from Qi Liang to the early Tang Dynasty. It is also the first time to explore the combination of long poems and group rhyme in seven-character poems. The perfect combination of the three provided a good model for later poets. This is certainly a peak.
The composition structure of Moonlit Night on a Spring River is mainly neat, which varies with the clutter. Thirty-six lines of poetry, * * * is divided into nine groups, a group of four sentences, a group of three rhymes, and the other group must use another rhyme, like nine quatrains. This is its neat side. Its intricacy is reflected in the level change of nine rhymes. At the beginning, the first and third groups use flat rhymes, the second and fourth groups use flat rhymes, and then all the 5678 groups use flat rhymes, and finally end with rhymes, interspersed at will, and the tone is neat and not rigid. Syntactically, parallelism, antithesis and flowing pairs are widely used, and the cohesion and integration are wonderful, and the article is full of charm. The theme words of spring, river, flower, moon, night and people in the poem are scattered and overlapped, which brings readers into a dazzling and colorful realm.