Inscription: The article combines the author’s poems to describe the scenery with poetry and narrative with literature. It quotes the poems of sages from the previous generation, describes the strangeness of the mountains, and chants its own poems. The former is used to pave the way for the latter, and the cave scenery is also described with the majesty of the mountain. Qixia Cave uses poetry to describe its openness and crystal-clear fairyland; the hook hole uses words to describe the twists and turns. The eerie waterway. The poems and texts complement each other and complement each other more clearly.
Bilingual comparison 3. The classical Chinese answer to "The Journey to Yan Cave" by Xu Xiake. For reference: Original text: Yandong Fansan in Lin'an Prefecture was opened by the person with the surname Yan in Dianshi.
When I arrived in Yunnan Province, I never forgot about the deer at every meal, so I passed through the central and southern parts of the province. Tonghai County, located in the south of Xiushan.
One and a half miles up, there are two giant tea trees in front of the palace, called Hongyun Palace.
The palace was built in the early Wanli period. , it was only sixty years ago that the camellia trees reached the south of the country.
The south of the city is adjacent to the Lujiang River; this Jiangxi comes from Yilong Lake in Shiping Prefecture, and passes through Yan Cave in the northeast. The water in Hejun County also uses this cave as a drainage hole, so I found a guide to receive the temple in the east of the city.
The Yandong Avenue should go south through the city and cross the Lujiang Bridge; From the front of the temple, take a path to the northeast across the river and cross the Lujiang River. From the north of the temple, go east along the bank of the pond. There are red lotus-covered ponds in the east, and there is no water in the northeast. Five miles across, the water comes from the northwest and enters Lu from the southeast.
Five miles further up the mountain, the Lujiang River meets the water in the south and enters the gorge from the east. p>
The gorge is very narrow, and the water pours into it. It is still a mile away from the entrance of the cave. Looking at the two stone cliffs on the top of the cave, they are like a door facing each other. p>
When I asked the natives to guide me, they all said: "The water is rising and the current is rapid. This is not the time to swim." If the water dried up two months ago, you could enter without a bridge; now even if there is a bridge, you cannot enter, let alone without a bridge! "The bridge is not one place, and the water in each cave is deep, and there are often wooden bridges to cross it.
In the past, when you came to visit, the bridge fee was a hundred gold, and others also paid a hundred gold. The natives suffered, Taking advantage of the rebellion of the Pu chiefs, they said that the east side of the cave was the Ami realm, and the rebels had seen it, so they stopped the officials from visiting the cave.
As soon as Yu Bi came to the cave gate, the natives said: "We must cross the south of the Yangtze River." On the shore, following the gorge into the river, it is the so-called Lujiang Bridge Avenue. "I regretted that I had made a mistake as a guide, so I decided to look for the Nanming and Wanxiang Lu caves in Sheshui Cave.
Descending from Shaodong, go up the mountain again and climb to the top. Looking east at the Xiajiang River and entering the Huanxia gorge, you will see the cave gate That is at the bottom of the East Gorge.
The place where I climbed the mountain is directly opposite to the two cliffs above. The door is still curved, but I can see that the cliff faces west, and the gushing water tilts eastward, creating a hole and swallowing the current. It's not invisible. Three miles to the northeast, go down the mountain.
Two miles to the east, the stone wall rises back, like half a city, with a cave door opening to the north. One mile to the middle of the gorge.
One and one and a half miles to the bottom of the east wall. A little to the south, there is a cave door with a large inscription "Yunjin Cave" on it, which is the middle door of the water cave.
The most unique feature of Youyan Cave is Yunjin: you enter through a bridge from the front gate and go out from the back gate for about four or five miles. It's amazing. I can't enter the cave in front of it, but I can't find it in the cave. I only know everything about everything and Nanming, but I don't know that there is Yunjin.
Then I looked at the cave. Down.
The water at the bottom of the cave comes from the southwest cave, goes east inside the Panmen, and then flows back into the southeast cave.
The rest of the road is near the Mekong River. The water is three feet wide and the hole is five or six feet high. The transparent door in the east and west is twenty feet in diameter. However, the entrance and exit of water are directly against the outer wall, so it cannot be done without a bridge.
The west point where the water comes out is gradually darkened and cannot be seen from a distance; the east is where the water enters the point. If you expand it slightly to the side and look across the water, you can see the colorful and graceful breast columns hanging down in the middle. Going up and out of the cave, you can see the north, south, south, and south, but there is no way to go up the surrounding wall.
Still exit the old road to the west and go up the mountain to the north. One mile to the east, across the ridge, you have reached the east wall and looped around.
One mile to the east of Lingbu, there are layered peaks in the north and south of the area. The rock cliffs suddenly protrude. The Wanxiang Cave is on the north cliff, but the guide falsely claimed that it is under the south cliff. Go straight down for one mile and reach the south cliff.
A cave faces east and is four feet high. Water gushes out from it. Two cliffs rise from the corners, and the front is a gorge. The water comes out of the hole and breaks through the gorge. It is extremely majestic and covers the back door of the water cave. Two miles further east, we arrived at Shushu Village. The passerby asked us that the Wanxiang Cave is on the northwest ridge, where we came down the mountain from before. The cave is very deep and descends all the way down, and the bottom is connected to the water cave.
I wanted to go to the cave gate, but the evening was already closing. It was still ten miles before I went to the hotel. I have been admiring these three caves for decades. I have traveled thousands of miles and even rebelled against the Yi people to block them. The Yang Marquis blocks them, the sun promotes them, leads people and misleads them. Traveling on clogs is the worst obstacle in my life! Translation: The three caves of Yan Cave in Lin'an Prefecture were opened by Dianshi surnamed Yan and are the most famous.
As soon as I arrived in Yunnan Province, I never forgot my visit to Yan Cave. So we headed south from the provincial capital Kunming, passed through Tonghai County, and visited Xiushan in the south of the county.
One and a half miles up the mountain is the Zhongwan Palace. There are two huge camellia trees in front of the palace, named Hongyun Palace.
Zhongwan Palace was built in the early years of Wanli (1573-1619). It was only sixty years ago, but the camellia trees are already the largest in southern Yunnan. Then he went south and arrived at Lin'an Mansion.
The southern part of Fucheng is close to the Hujiang River; the Hujiang River flows from Yilong Lake in Shiping Prefecture to the west and passes through Yan Cave to the northeast; many rivers throughout Lin'an Prefecture also use Yan Cave as drainage channels. So I found a tour guide at Chengdong Reception Temple.
On the main road to Yandong, you should go south along the Fucheng and cross the Hujiang Bridge; the tour guide goes northeast from the small road across the river from the main road in front of the temple, so you can't cross the Hujiang River and look east to see the three gu Where streams meet. From the north of the reception temple, walk eastward along the bank of the pond. The eastern part of the pond is completely covered with red lotuses, so dense that no water can be seen.
Walk fifteen miles northeast and cross the Saigong Bridge. The water under the bridge flows from the northwest and pours into the Shanghai River from the southeast.
After walking another five miles and going up the mountain, there is the Golden Rooster Whistle. The Shaonan Hujiang River merges with all the currents and flows eastward into the canyon from here.
The canyon is very narrow, and the river pours into it. It flows eastward for about a mile to the entrance of the cave. Viewed from a distance, the stone cliffs on both sides of the cave roof are split like knives, facing each other like a door. The cave passes directly under the door and is surrounded and held hostage by numerous hills, making it impossible to see.
I asked the locals to guide me in, but they all said: "The water level has risen and the current is strong. Now is not the season for visiting the cave. If it were the dry season two months ago, I could enter the cave without building a bridge. "Now even if there is a bridge, you can't go in, let alone if there is no bridge!" There is more than one bridge in the cave, and there are wooden bridges in every place with deep water in the cave.
In the past, according to the custom of visiting Yandong, it would cost nearly a hundred taels of silver to build a bridge and another hundred taels of silver for other expenses. The locals were miserable because of this, so they took advantage of the popular tourist attractions to rebel, using the excuse that the eastern exit of Yandong was the Ami State border, and the rebels had been in and out of this area, so the number of officials visiting the cave disappeared.
I was determined to get to the entrance of the cave. The locals said: "You must cross the Hujiang River, go to the south bank of the Yangtze River, and enter along the canyon, which is the so-called Hujiang Bridge Road." I regretted that I was there. The tour guide was delayed, so he left the water cave and looked for the two land caves, Nanming and Wanxiang.
Go downhill from Jinjishao to the east and climb to the top of the mountain. Looking eastward, the river in the canyon flows eastward around the canyon and into the cave. The entrance of the cave is just below the canyon on the east side.
The top of the mountain I climbed was parallel to the stone cliffs on both sides of the cave roof. The entrance to the cave was still obscured by the twists and turns of the valley, and only the steep stone cliffs were visible.
4. Please ask Zhang Dai for an ancient Chinese translation of Tao An’s Dream Recalling the Plum Blossom Bookstore.
Zhang Dai’s Tao An’s Dream Recalling the Plum Blossom Bookstore. The Guang'er room is like a veil, with couches. There is open space in front and back, and at the back of the altar is a wall. There are three large peonies with watermelon flesh. Their flowers grow on the wall, with more than 300 flowers. There are two trees in the west mansion in front of the altar, which accumulate three feet of fragrant snow when they bloom. The front four walls are slightly higher. Opposite is a stone platform with several peaks of Taihu stone. Xixi plum bones are ancient and strong, and several stems of Yunnan tea are charming. Next to them are passionflowers planted in Megan, which are twined like tassels. A bamboo shed outside the window is densely covered with flowers. Baoxiang covers it. The green grass under the steps is three feet deep, and begonias are sparsely mixed in. The front and rear bright windows, Baoxiang's west mansion, gradually turn green and dark. I am sitting and lying in it, and I am not allowed to enter unless it is a high-profile guest. I asked Ni " Qinglin", also named after "Yunlin Secret Pavilion". Trial translation: After the old house behind the Yee building collapsed, I raised its foundation by four feet and built a large study room. The wing room on the side of the study house (There are one or two rooms on each side of the main room that are relatively small in depth and height. They are like two ears hanging on both sides of the main room, so they are called ear rooms.) It was expanded and a partition like a gauze cabinet was used to separate a rest room. There is a room with a couch inside. There is open space in the front and back of the study room. I planted three large peony trees with watermelon pulp at the base of the back wall (watermelon pulp is the name of the peony variety, that is, red peonies). The peonies grow taller than the wall. More than 300 flowers bloom every year. Two Xifu crabapples are planted in front of the platform in front of the study. When they bloom, the lush flowers seem to have accumulated several feet of fragrant snow, which is beautiful and pleasant. The walls of the front yard are a bit high, so Just opposite the wall, a stone flower stand was built, with several rockeries made of Taihu stone trees. Next to them, Xixi plum blossoms with vigorous branches and clumsy branches were planted, as well as several Yunnan camellias. The charming flower trees set off the lake stone rockery. Planted under the plum blossoms Passionflowers curled and twined like diamonds cover the ground. There is a bamboo pergola outside the study room, and many Baoxiang flowers (climbing roses) are planted to cover it. Thick green grass grows under the steps, and there are sparse grasses in between. Decorate some begonias. The front and rear windows of the study room are very bright. After the Baoxianghua and Xifu Begonias grow luxuriantly outside the window, the green shade blocks the sunlight, making the house look quiet and cool. I spend all my leisure time and rest in this study room. I am not an elegant guest with a literary talent. He was not allowed to come in. This bookstore was originally called Plum Blossom Bookstore. Because I have always admired Ni Yunlin's bookstore "Qingchen", I named it "Yunlin Secret Mansion". 5. Please translate the story of Yanxi Pavilion
Original text: The Story of Yanxi Pavilion
Han Yu
Wang Hongzhong of Taiyuan was in Lianzhou and met Jing Chang, a Buddhist scholar. , Yuan Huiyou. On the next day, the two of them were walking behind their residence, among the hills and wasteland, and looking up from a high place, they came across a different place. When the grass is chopped off, the trees stand tall, when the rocks are turned out, the clear springs surge, and when the chariot is covered with dung, it is burnt and covered with shadows. Those that emerge suddenly become hills, those that sink suddenly become valleys, those that are depressed become pools, and those that are missing become holes. If there are ghosts, gods, and strange objects, the yin will come to identify them. Since Hongzhong and the two of them went in the morning and returned in the evening, they built a house to avoid wind, rain, cold and heat. Once it's done, please name it. The hill is called "the hill of Qi De", which is hidden in the past but appears in the present. There is a way of Qi. Its stone valley is called "the valley of humility" and its waterfall is called "Zhenlu Waterfall". The valley means virtue and the waterfall means appearance. Its earth valley is called the "Valley of Gold", and its waterfall is called "The Waterfall of Zhizhi ③". The valley speaks of beauty, and the waterfall speaks of virtue. The cave is called "The Cave of Cold Residence", which indicates its time. The pond is called the "gentleman's pond". It is empty to appreciate its beauty and full to eliminate its evil. The source of the spring is called "the spring of Tianze", which rises high and spreads downwards. Together they are named after the house, "Yanxi's Pavilion", which is a tribute to the so-called "Lu Hou Yanxi ④" in "Poetry". So the old people of the state heard about it and looked at each other, saying: "The mountains and rivers of my state are famous all over the world, but they are not as good as those of Yanxi. Those who operate on its side are connected to each other, but they are not worthy of their place. Everything is made by heaven. Ksitigarbha, in order to leave his people behind?"
Hongzhong came from the Ministry of Civil Affairs and followed the route: from Lantian to Shangluo, across the rapids of Zhejiang, to the Han River, and to the head of Xian. , looking at Fangcheng, go out of Jingmen, go down to the Minjiang River, cross the Dongting, go up the Xiangshui River, go under the Hengshan Mountain, and go over the mountains from Chen. The ape's home and the fish and dragon's palace are extremely secluded, magnificent and strange. It is suitable for people to hear about them in the mountains and rivers, but not to see them. Now the meaning is if it is not enough. It is said: "The wise enjoy water, and the benevolent enjoy mountains." Hongzhong's virtues can be said to be in harmony with what he likes. Wisdom is used to plan it, and benevolence is used to live in it. I know where it is going, and Yu Yi is not far away from the Celestial Dynasty. So he carved a stone to remember it.
Mostly the color is like the beautiful jade of Yu Yang, but it is moisturized. Slightly to the southwest is a large stone with stone pillars standing on it. Next to it are the so-called beds, Danzao ① and Yanlin. Slightly to the east, the ground is wet when plowed down, and the traces of it make it moister, and it becomes more and more hollow, which is the so-called immortal field.
Looking back at the orifice that I entered, I don’t know how many hundred feet away it was. It was like a blur in the sun, appearing and disappearing now and then. Over time, the road became blocked. It can pass through no more than two feet of ground, and I can support and subdue it, and it can go down more than a hundred levels to the mortal world. Suddenly, the center of the building can accommodate tens of thousands of people sitting on stone breasts. The ones hanging down are even more strange. The five colors are irritating to people's eyes. The big ones are like jade pillars. Some of them hang down to the ground, and some are not reachable by a foot. Only one shot. The shape of the stone is like a hidden Qiu, like a leaping dragon, like a galloping lion, like an elephant, like a lotus, like a bell or drum, like a flying fairy, like a monk's beard, and is extremely strange. I was exhausted for the rest of the day, and I was tired enough. I strengthened my energy and went up to the stone platform, where I looked down at the clear sky. The victory of the cave is complete.
Zhang Gong, so Zhang Daoling of the Han Dynasty, or Zhang Guo ②, is not correct. The story of Daoling was written in Shupo. Xu Xun Yiyi's Shao Shu said: "The Jintang Jade Room, the Immortal Zhicao, Zuo Yuanfang ③ There are many disciples who achieved Taoism in the late Han Dynasty." Is this one of them? The prince said: "The stone bed, Danzao, salt and rice farm and chess game that I saw were like an ear for appearance. Wuyan is a miracle!"
(Selected from "Selected Works of Wang Shizhen", with modifications ) 7. Composition of Travel Notes on Linwu Cave
Travel Notes on Linwu Cave On May Day, my father and mother and I went to the ninth cave in the world - Linwu Cave.
Linwu Cave is at the foot of the West Mountain of Taihu Lake in Suzhou. As soon as we stepped into the cave entrance, we felt freezing cold.
There is water in the cave, there is a bridge on the water, the clear stream is flowing, and the fish are chasing each other. The water in some places is very clear and pure, so pure that some people don’t think it is water. And stepped in recklessly. When we were walking in the cave, water dripped from the cracks in the rocks on my head from time to time, which was very cold.
The stones in the cave are in various shapes. Look! The stone is like an elephant's trunk, long and curved; the stones beside the bridge are like leaves falling in the wind in autumn.
As we climbed up the bare, slippery rocks, there was a "Slip with caution" sign hanging on the rock wall. But some people fell on the rocks, which reminded us to be more careful, go slowly and step by step.
I feel that during this trip to the mountains and caves, I have never seen a lot of scenery before. Especially the water is so clear that you can see to the bottom and see people. How great it would be if it could be like this everywhere! I love the mountains here, the water here, and the pollution-free environment here.