Wang Xizhi's Calligraphy Achievements In the history of calligraphy in China, Wang Xizhi is an epoch-making master. Whether before or after death, he was respected by people, right? Book saint? Fame. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy achievement lies not only in his ability to prepare all kinds of calligraphy, but also in his ability to form his own family and create a unique style of Wang calligraphy.
During the Han and Wei Dynasties, China's calligraphy developed to a brilliant stage. In addition to Han Li and Cao Zhang, people also innovated running script and regular script. Since then, famous calligraphers such as Cai Yong, Zhang Zhi, Zhong You, Liang Hao, Shan Wei and Wei Ji Suo Jing have emerged, among which Zhong You is the most prominent. He can write Li, Kai, Xing and Cao, especially Kai. Zhong You's calligraphy was popular in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and occupied a dominant position in the book club. Wang Xizhi's home is famous for its good books. Wang Dao chaos, with Zhong You's "XuanGan". According to Shu Shu Fu, who are the calligraphers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty? Eight kings? , reed {langya} a king * * * accounted for six.
This era and family style have influenced Wang Xizhi since childhood. He began to learn calligraphy at the age of seven, and his first teacher was his uncle Wang Biao. Wang Xun's writing style is imitated by Zhong You. At the age of eleven, Wang Xizhi found the pen theory written by his predecessors in his father Wang Kuang's pillow, and took it out to read privately. When father knows, tell him:? Now you are too young to understand the rules of writing. I'll teach you when I grow up. ? Wang Xizhi disagreed. He said: I want to know earlier, if I grow up, it will be too late. ? My father had to roughly explain the main points of the pen theory to him, but Wang Xizhi got the message and made progress in his study. Mrs. Wei, a famous calligrapher, saw his handwriting and whispered: The child must have learned to "use a pen". I think his brushwork is very sophisticated and will definitely surpass me in the future. ? Mrs Wei is the daughter of Wei Guan, a famous calligrapher, and the wife of Li Ju. Wei Shuo studied in Zhong You and enjoyed a high reputation. Because of his love for Wang Xizhi, Wei Shuo accepted him as a disciple.
When Wang Xizhi grew up, his experience became more and more rich, especially after seeing the original works such as Li Si's Fengshan Monument, Cai Yong's Three-body Stone Classic, Zhang Xu's Hua Yue Monument and Zhong You's Announcement Post, he changed his beginner and learned from others, trying to find another way and create his own calligraphy style. At first, his calligraphy was not the best. Yu Yi's calligraphy was much better than his. Wang Xizhi studied hard and practiced hard, and finally integrated all the schools into one furnace. All kinds of calligraphy styles, such as seal script, official script, cursive script, running script and regular script, have deep attainments. Especially in middle-aged and elderly people, the simple book style has changed, and a luxurious book style with charm, strength, beauty and freshness has emerged, becoming a generation of masters.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Li, Cao, Xing and Kai were fully prepared. Comparatively speaking, Xing and Kai made their debut late and were not yet mature. Wang Xizhi pushed them forward and changed them, which played a connecting role in the history of calligraphy. Wang Xizhi's main contribution includes two aspects. First of all, it opened up the development path of calligraphy combining cursive script and cursive script. At that time, each body had it, or mainly inherited the old law, and the model was still written in the official law, which was called the official law model (modern model); Or bring forth the old and bring forth the new, and develop a running script that combines cursive script with regular script. Wang Xizhi chose the latter way. It conforms to the law of calligraphy development, is convenient and easy to understand, and boldly changes on the basis of inheriting the essence of previous calligraphy. It is the perfect combination of practicality and artistry of calligraphy, and has become the mainstream of calligraphy development since Sui and Tang Dynasties. The second is to create expressive writing methods. Calligraphy is an image art, if the plaque changes little, it will lose its vitality. Wang Xizhi prepared various styles and mastered various brushstrokes. On this basis, he boldly reformed the traditional brush strokes to make them colorful. He keeps changing the state of his books and expressing them in different ways to avoid duplication. Li Sizhen, a man in the Tang Dynasty, marveled in The Book After? Is Xi's words different? This really captures Wang's changeable writing style.
Wang Xizhi's calligraphy has been recognized and loved by people, and gradually replaced Zhong Shu and became popular all over the world. When Yu Yi saw the letters written by Wang Xizhi and Cao Zhang to his brother, he was deeply moved and sighed. He personally wrote to him and said: I used to have ten posts in Cao Zhang, from Zhang Zhi, a sage of grass. I lost it when I crossed the south, thinking that I would never see such a good word again. Seeing your Cao Zhang, you wrote so beautifully that I felt that the old posts came back to me. ? The ink of Wang Xizhi's book and post is gradually regarded as a treasure. On one occasion, Wang Xizhi went to his protege's house as a guest, and the protege invited him to eat delicacies and delicacies, and he was very attentive. Wang Xizhi wants to repay him with books. When he saw a wooden table in the room, it was very smooth and white, so he began to write. His books are so rough and elegant that his students are ecstatic. As a reward, my protege personally sent Xihe back to the county. When he came back, his protege found that his handwriting had been scratched by his father. He was very angry and sad for a long time. On another occasion, Wang Xizhi saw an old woman selling fans in Lushan, and her business was slow. He approached the fan stall and wrote some words on some fans. Seeing the old woman's sad face, Wang Xizhi smiled and explained: Just say that this is Wang Youjun's handwriting, and each fan costs 100 yuan. ? The old woman did it with a grain of salt and was robbed by everyone. Wang Xizhi loves geese. He heard that a domestic goose was good at singing, so he went to see it with great interest. In order to get Wang Xizhi's words, the family actually killed the goose and made a dish for him, which made him laugh and cry. A Taoist priest in Shanyin County also keeps some geese. Wang Xizhi asked for it, and the Taoist priest said, If you copy the Tao Te Ching for me, these geese will be given to you for free. ?
Wang Xizhi is quite conceited about his calligraphy achievements, claiming to be:? My calligraphy is comparable to that of Zhong You; And the rest of Zhang Zhi is behind me. ? He wrote to others and said: Zhang Zhi is studying in Linchi, and the water in the pool is as black as a daisy. How can I fall behind him if I work so hard?
Wang Xizhi's original work has not been preserved so far. What exists in the world is mainly the engraving or screen edition of his book Trace. Among his regular script, Huang Tingjing and Le Yi's posts are the most famous, while the running script is Kuaixue Qingtie, Preface to Lanting Collection and Mourning Post, and the cursive script is seventeen posts. Among them, Preface to Lanting Collection is called the best running script in the world by later generations. Of course, the authenticity of this post is still a controversial issue.
Wang Xizhi's artistic achievements Wang Xizhi's representative works include: Huang Tingjing in regular script, On Yue Yi, Seventeen cursive calligraphy posts, Running Script menstruation post, Quick Snow Clear Post, Funeral Post, Preface to Lanting Collection, First Moon Post, etc. Among them, Preface to Lanting Collection is highly praised by calligraphers of all ages. The best running script in the world? . Wang Jian is good at following the laws of Li, Cao, Kai and Xing, carefully studying the shape, imitating the shape with his heart, learning from others' strengths, preparing everything in one furnace, getting rid of the style of writing in Han and Wei Dynasties, and becoming a family of his own, which has far-reaching influence. His calligraphy is peaceful and natural, and his brushwork is euphemistic and subtle. Comments from later generations:? Floating like a cloud, agile like a dragon? 、? Yue Long Tianmen, Tiger Lying in the Yellow Pavilion? 、? Nature is to nature, rich in gods and generations? , praised by future generations? Book saint?
Wang Xizhi's calligraphy influenced his descendants. His son is mysterious and good at cursive writing; Coagulation, as a grass official; Emblem, good cursive script; Fuck it, be good at writing; Huanzhi, good cursive script; Give it and call it? Little saint? . Huang's Theory of the East View and Xu Yun:? Wang's four books, Ning, Cao, Hui and Huan, are handed down from generation to generation with different styles. Condense its rhyme, practice its body, emblem its potential, rejuvenate its appearance and offer its source. ? Later, descendants continued, and one of Wang's calligraphy was handed down. Wu Zetian tried Wang Xizhi's book, and Wang Fangqing, the ninth great-grandson of Wang Xizhi, presented ten volumes of The Travels of Twenty-eight People to his great-grandfather and compiled Long Live the Tian Tong Post. After Wang Sengqian, Wang Ci and Zhiwang were kings in the Southern Dynasties, regular script was created. Shi Zhiyong, the seventh grandson of Xihe, was a famous calligrapher in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy has influenced bookstores from generation to generation. The establishment of Wang Xizhi's calligrapher status has its evolution process. Yu He, a calligrapher in Taishi period of Southern Song Dynasty, said in the book list:? According to the Han and Wei Dynasties, Zhong (Yao) and Zhang (Zhi) were good at beauty, and the two kings were called English at the end of Jin Dynasty. ? The title of the Right Army was unparalleled at that time, and Wang Xianzhi was the highest-ranking person in calligraphy during the Song and Qi Dynasties. He devoted himself to learning books from his father, was very talented and sensitive to innovation. He transferred to Zhang Zhi and created a cursive script that runs through from top to bottom. He is even more charming than his father, and he is as poor as a saint. Two kings? . In the Southern Dynasties, Liang Tao Hongjing and Liang Wudi co-wrote a book. Is it more important to respect books than this world? ,? In the sea, I not only know that there is one, but also more? . What changed this situation was Liang Wudi Xiao Yan's admiration for Wang Xizhi. He classified the books at that time. Wang Xianzhi? Wang Xizhi? Zhong you? Become? Zhong you? Wang Xizhi? Wang Xianzhi? In Twelve Meanings of Zhong You's Calligraphy, Xiao Yanyun: It is not uncommon for a son to respect him, and it is not uncommon for him to escape less. ? No? , or do it? Can't catch it? , less than this meaning. Xiao Yan's position makes his comments particularly attractive, so the public opinion is firm. The climax of studying Wang Xizhi for the first time in history was in Nanliang, and the second time was in Tang Dynasty. Emperor Taizong admired Wang Xizhi, not only widely collected Wang Shu, but also personally wrote for the Book of Jin? Wang Xizhi's biography wrote a eulogy while commenting on Zhong You? Do you still doubt its perfection? If you provide it, you will be demoted. Calligraphy disease? On other calligraphers such as Ziyun, Wang Meng and Yan Xu? I flatter you? . Comparatively speaking, which army did Emperor Taizong think was suitable? Perfect? ,? I am eager to pursue my hand, but this person is just the rest. What's the point? ! Since then, Wang Xizhi's supreme position in the history of calligraphy has been established and consolidated. Scholars in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties all respected Jin Zong. Two kings? . Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang, Xue Qi, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan in the Tang Dynasty, Yang Ningshi in the Five Dynasties, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Midi and Cai Xiang in the Song Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu in the Yuan Dynasty and Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty all converted to Wang Xizhi. Although the study of steles broke the scope of calligraphy research in Qing Dynasty, Wang Xizhi's position as a calligrapher remained unshakable. ? Book saint? 、? Mohuang? Although there is? Sacred? There are doubts, but generations of famous masters, through comparison and pondering, are convinced and admired. Although China praised Wang Xizhi's behavior in the history of books? Book saint? But he is not regarded as a solidified icon, but only as a creation of calligraphy in China culture? Perfect? A symbol of. Things are always developing and progressing. Has Wang Xizhi reached his time? Perfect? The peak of this? Icon? It is bound to summon the latecomers to climb the new height of calligraphy in their respective times.
Characteristics of Wang Xizhi's Calligraphy Wang Xizhi was deeply influenced by Wang's calligraphy since childhood. He loved calligraphy since childhood and was enlightened by his father Wang Kuang and his uncle Wang Biao. Wang Xizhi studied under Mrs. Wei in his early years. Wei Shuo, who studied under Zhong You, inherited his method brilliantly. She taught Wang Xizhi the method of Zhong You, the method of learning calligraphy in Wei Dynasty, and her own calligraphy style and method. Wang Xizhi is ambitious and creative. He learns from Zhong You, so he can change. Zhong Shu is still turning over, and the real book is also divided. The pen is still expanding and there is a tendency for birds to soar. The so-called bell-tailed falcon wave. Wang Xizhi likes to chase with his hands, but it is easy to turn into a song and subtract momentum. What is the so-called right army? Go straight? .
He imitated Zhang Zhi consciously. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Huaigeng once pointed out this point in "Shu Duan": it is a shame to be proficient in this way to analyze the grass of the bow and compromise with crude fiber; Zhong Jun's servant, though using Ceng Hua, is quaint and incompetent. When it comes to studying the essence, he does everything he can. ? Wang Xizhi's cursive script for Zhang Zhi? Analysis? 、? Compromise? Zhong You's official script? Profit and loss? 、? Use? Is it ok for the calligraphy of the two masters? Study the essence and body potential? . Shen said: "Wang Xizhi didn't dish mud at the feet of his predecessors, and so did painting gourds." Instead, I want to use my heart and hands to make the ancients work for me, not to stick to the past and not to abandon the present. " . In his life, he exhausted all kinds of brushwork of Qin and Han seal script in the Expo, all of which were integrated into the real cursive script, forming the best posture of his time, bringing forth the new and opening up a new world for future generations. This is Wang Xizhi? Combine all the laws and prepare a family? Therefore, it is highly respected.