The main theme of the lyrics is emotional and majestic. The whole poem draws on ancient times to express nostalgia, integrating description of scenery, chanting history, and expressing emotions. It uses chanting history to express the author's emotion of actively joining the world but still failing to achieve anything at the age of half a century. This poem is nostalgic and lyrical, writing that I have exhausted my ambition and turned to focus on history and life with a broad-minded heart. The upper column mainly describes the natural scenery of Chibiji with wind and waves. The artistic conception is broad and broad, and the emotion is vaguely deep. When you start writing, you can lift the clouds vigorously, and you can lift powerfully. Combining the mighty rivers and people through the ages, he writes down the lines. Huang Donglei's cursive script "Reminiscences of the Past at Red Cliff"
Since all the great figures of the ages have been wiped out by the waves, wouldn't it be sad to have only one of them? However, Su Shi had other insights: Since it is inevitable for romantic figures throughout the ages to be like this, then there is no need to lament when one's own glory, disgrace, and poverty are so great! Since human beings have reached the same destination through such different paths, it would be too pedantic to be obsessed with temporary fame. The next two sentences cut into the nostalgic theme and talk specifically about the events of Red Cliff in the Three Kingdoms. The words "humanity is" are used very appropriately. The hometown of the Battle of Red Cliff is highly controversial. One theory is that it was changed to Chibi City in present-day Puqi County, Hubei Province. But today there are four places in Hubei Province with the same name as Chibi, and the other three are near Huanggang, Wuchang, and Hanyang. The place Su Shi visited was Huanggang Chibi. He seemed unsure, so he used the words "humanity is" to elicit the following discussion. The following five sentences of "Rocks" describe the spectacular scene of the surging river. Among them, the verbs such as "wear", "shoot" and "roll" are used vividly. "The country is picturesque" is a general sentence for describing scenery. "How Many Heroes at a Time" transitions from scenery to personnel. The focus of Su Shi's writing was "Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms", so the next chapter was all inspired by Zhou Lang. Change the first five sentences to write about the Chibi War. Similar to Zhou Yu's laughter and debate, the author describes such a vigorous war with ease and ease. From the "Eternal Romantic Person" at the beginning of the sentence to "How Many Heroes at a Time" and then to "Reminiscing about Gong Jin's time", the line of sight kept narrowing and finally focused on Zhou Yu. However, when writing about Zhou Yu, we do not write about his great wisdom and courage, but only about his elegant and elegant demeanor. People who don't pay attention may easily regard "Feather Fan Lun scarf" as a nickname for Zhuge Liang, because Zhuge Liang's attire is famous for his feather fan scarf. But during the Three Kingdoms period, this was the usual attire of Confucian generals. People in the Song Dynasty also often use "feather fan" to refer to Zhou Yu. For example, in the poem "Red Cliff" written by Dai Xiu, "Thousands of years have passed since Zhou Gongjin, just as he is now. The heroic wind waves the feather fan, and the fierce fire breaks the building and the ship." Su Shi here speaks highly of Zhou Yu's elegance. Calm, but the feelings are complicated. The two sentences "homeland" were transferred from Zhou Lang to himself. Zhou Yu was thirty-four years old when he defeated Cao Cao, while Su Shi was forty-seven when he wrote this poem. Confucius once said: "If someone is forty or fifty and is unknown, it is not enough to be afraid." From Zhou Yu's youth and promise, Su Shi thought of his own ups and downs, so he said "I am so sentimental that you should laugh at me", which sounded like light words. It's light, but its meaning is gloomy. But Su Shi is Su Shi after all. He is not a miserable Confucian, but a wise man who has overcome the favor and disgrace in the world. Therefore, after he realized his sorrow, he did not indulge in the sea of ??misery and self-destruction like Li Yu of the Southern Tang Dynasty, but placed Zhou Yu and himself in the entire history of the country to observe. In Su Shi's view, what about Zhou Yu, who was chic, calm and famous all over the world back then? Wasn't he also wiped out by the waves? With this comparison, Su Shi transcended from his sorrow. "Everywhere in life, we know what is the same. It should be like a flying star stepping on the snow and mud. Occasionally, there are fingers and claws left on the mud. How can Hongfei care about things" ("Hezi Nostalgia from Mianchi"). Therefore, after Su Shi made some comparisons with Zhou Yu, although he also saw that his political achievements were not comparable to Zhou Yu's, when it came to the development laws and universal destiny of the entire human race, there was actually no big difference between the two. With such deep thinking, he came to the conclusion of the poem, "The world is like a dream, and a bottle of wine returns the moonlight over the river." As he said in the poem "Moon over the West River": "The world is a big dream, and life has several cool autumns." Negativity and pessimism are not the true meaning of life, but transcendence and soaring are the song of life. Since everything in the world seems like a dream, why not sprinkle the bottle of wine on the reflection of the bright moon in the center of the river, get rid of the depression, enjoy the infinite from the limited, and let the spirit be free. His "Red Cliff Ode" written at the same time makes this statement more clear and conclusive: "Only the cool breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains can be heard by the ears and become sounds, and the eyes can see them and become colors. There is no restriction on taking them and using them without restriction. "Exhaustion is the infinite treasure of the Creator, and it is the perfect fit for me and my son." This kind of transcendental and far-sighted text is like a replica of the thoughts of "Zhuangzi's Theory of the Equality of Things." But Zhuangzi used this to avoid reality, and Su Shi used this to transcend reality. The few years in Huangzhou were a period when Su Shi's thoughts changed, and it was also a period when he continued to become mature and wise. He used this to preserve his calm personality and maintain his sincere spirit.
This poem "Niannujiao" and several poems written in the same period all reveal clues to us. Since its publication, this word has experienced two completely different fates. Those who praised it, such as Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua", called it "the meaning of the language is superb, and it is truly a masterpiece of ancient and modern times." Those who derogated him were like what Yu Wenbao said in "Blowing the Sword": "Dongpo was in Yutang, and there was a minister who was good at praising him. He asked: 'How is my poetry compared to Liu Qi?' He replied: 'Liu Lang's poetry can only be combined with Qi Qi'. Eight girls, holding a red tooth board, sang "The dawn wind wanes on the bank of the willows". The bachelor's poem required a man from Guanxi to sing "The Great River Goes East". The singing style distinguishes the two styles of poetry between Liu and Su, but it also contains a mockery of Su's poetry that deviates from the traditional style of poetry. In the Qing Dynasty, some people thought that the tone of this word was "unqualified" (Ding Shaoyi's "Tingqiu Shengguan Ci Hua"), and Zhu Yizun's "Ci Zong" added detailed dialectics, which can be said to be critical. "Niannujiao" was written by Su Shi after he was demoted to Huangzhou. Su Shi became a Jinshi at the age of 21. He lived in a study for most of his life before the age of 30. His official career was bumpy, with many ups and downs following the political turmoil in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the age of 43 (the second year of Yuanfeng), he was arrested and imprisoned for writing a poem that satirized the new law. After he was released from prison, he was demoted to the deputy envoy of Huangzhou Tuanlian. This was a sinecure. He cultivated fields in the old city camp, traveled and visited ancient times, and was politically frustrated, which fostered his thoughts and emotions of escaping from reality and being underappreciated. However, due to his open-minded mind, he was inspired by the majestic country of the motherland and historical figures. , used the scenery to express emotions, and wrote a series of well-known poems, of which this word is the representative. The poems of "Niannujiao" are divided into upper and lower parts. The upper palace chants about Red Cliff, the lower palace cherishes Zhou Yu, and hurts oneself by remembering the past, and ends with one's own emotion. The author is nostalgic for the past, thinking about the heroes of ancient times, and uses the heroic deeds praised in ancient times to think about the setbacks he has experienced. Unable to make achievements and achieve great ambitions, his lyrics express his inner sorrow and anger. The poem "Shangque" chants "Red Cliff", focusing on the description of the scenery, which serves as a background for the description of the characters. The first three sentences not only describe the momentum of Dajiang, but also summarize all the heroes through the ages, expressing the yearning for heroes. Under the guise of "humanity is" to introduce the character being chanted. The use of words such as "chaos", "piercing", "surprised", "shooting" and "volume" exquisitely and uniquely outlines the dangerous situation of the ancient battlefield and writes its majestic and majestic scenes, thereby recalling the Red Cliff Battle in the next film. The heroic characters in it enhance the atmosphere of the environment. Gaque focuses on writing about people, using his admiration for Zhou Yu to express his feelings about his failure to achieve success. The purpose of writing "Xiao Qiao" is to highlight Zhou Yu's talent and high-spiritedness, and to highlight the character's grace. The description of Zhou Yu's military exploits in the middle is intended to contrast his old age and inaction. Although the last few sentences of "passionate" express sentimental feelings, this feeling is actually the poet's unwillingness to sink, active and enterprising, and the performance of the hero without losing his heroic character. Use heroic sentiments to write about the deepest feelings in your heart. The poet is a broad-minded man. Although he was frustrated in politics, he never lost confidence in life. This poem is a concentrated reflection of his complex mood. Although the poem is written with frustration, the style is heroic and heroic, which is obviously different from the works of frustrated literati on the same theme. The heroic sentiment in the lyrics is first reflected in the description of the scenery in Red Cliff. The extraordinary weather of the Yangtze River and the dangerous situation of the ancient battlefield give people a sense of heroism. Zhou Yu's heroic appearance and achievements are all enviable. The character image that the author wants to portray in this poem is Zhou Yu, but he starts with "a romantic figure through the ages", which leads to "how many heroes" during the Battle of Chibi, and finally focuses on Zhou Yu, highlighting Zhou Yu's role in important place in the author's mind. There are two kinds of contrasts in the poem: one is that the real scene and the virtual scene contrast with each other, and the other is that Zhou Yu's "majestic appearance" and the author's "premature beauty" contrast with each other. The four words "Great River Goes to the East" are used to express its majesty through the ages. Since ancient times, no one has surpassed it. It is extremely concise and simple yet grand and heroic, and rich in philosophy. It brings readers into the historical atmosphere of the rise and fall of the ages, and expresses the poet's infinite nostalgia for the heroes of the past. This is unmatched by other poets. . The main feature of the writing method of "Nian Nujiao" is to express feelings by combining description of scenery and nostalgia for the past. For example, the description and praise of Red Cliff in the first half of the poem embodies emotion and scenery, and the scenes blend together. The image of Zhou Yu depicted in the lower half of the column reflects the author's admiration for historical heroes. Finally, I expressed my feelings by saying "a bottle of wine returns the moonlight over the river". The whole poem has a broad artistic conception, unrestrained emotions, and the language is also very vivid and vivid. [1]③ "As the Yangtze River goes eastward, all the waves are swept away, and the romantic figures of the ages": The writing is quite impressive, starting from the Yangtze River, a huge space; the romantic figures of the ages, the vast historical time and space, and countless heroes; connect the two It rises up to form an extremely vast and long-standing time and space background; when the waves are washed away, the long river of history is washed away.
It is sad, but also a kind of detachment, looking at the past and the present. "To the west of the ancient fortress, humanity is Zhou Lang's Chibi": If there is a large scene with extraordinary momentum in front of it, then what appears at this time is a detailed and precise small scene. Where is Chibi, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms? There are different opinions, but what is certain is that the Red Cliff written by Su Dongpo is definitely not the same place as the Red Cliff of the Battle of Red Cliff in history. Dongpo knew this, so he pointed out that "Chibi of Zhou Lang" is in the west. This sentence plays a great role in the article. It not only fits the title of the poem, but also foreshadows Xiequ's memory of Zhou Gongjin. Mizhouro
"The rocks penetrated the sky, the stormy waves crashed on the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up": concentrated writing on the majestic and majestic scenery of Red Cliff: steep cliffs scattered high into the sky, turbulent terror The waves hit the river bank violently, and the surging river current rolled up thousands of surging snow waves. The vivid descriptions with thick ink and strong pens from different angles and appealing to different feelings sweep away the mediocre and depressed atmosphere, and immediately bring the readers into a thrilling and dangerous realm of galloping horses and thunder, which makes people's minds open. The spirit is lifted. This poem was written by Su Shi in July of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082) when he was exiled to Huangzhou. The first part praises Red Cliff, the second part cherishes Zhou Yu, and finally ends with my own emotion. When he starts writing, he sings into the clouds, with a momentum that is comparable to "the water from the Yellow River comes up from the sky". Moreover, the lyrics are magnificent and extremely expanded in space and time. Landscapes, history, and characters all flowed out together, evoking nostalgic thoughts with an eternal mind. Then, by using the suspicious words of "humanity is true", the riverside old base and Zhou Lang Chibi were linked. "Rushing rocks and collapsing clouds" are three sentences written from the front about the scenery of Red Cliff, which is shocking and shocking. In the poem, the chaotic mountains and rivers in front of us are described as majestic and steep, exaggerating the atmosphere and momentum of the ancient battlefield. Regarding Zhou Yu, Su Shi particularly admired his youthful fame and heroic spirit. "Xiao Qiao's first marriage" seems idle, and Xiao Qiao's first marriage to Zhou Yu was three years in Jian'an, ten years before the Battle of Chibi. This sentence was specially inserted to make Zhou Yu look more handsome and proud. Therefore, the words are bold yet charming, strong yet soft, corresponding to the "romantic figure" at the beginning of the chapter. "Feather Fan Lunjin" describes Zhou Yu's military exploits in three sentences, which is also very special. As a general, Zhou Yu did not meet in battle, but in casual clothes with a feather fan and talked happily. Writing about the war does not exaggerate the war atmosphere of Shima Jingu at all, but only focuses on Zhou Yu's calm and unrestrained command. This way of writing can better highlight his style and talents. Su Shi was forty-seven years old this year. Not only did he fail to achieve his achievements, but he also blamed Huangzhou. Compared with Zhou Yu, who had achieved success in his thirties, he couldn't help but feel ashamed. The magnificent country and heroic deeds aroused Su Shi's vigorous and vigorous emotions, and also deepened his inner depression and ideological contradictions. Therefore, I return from nostalgic for the past to hurt myself. I sigh to myself that "the world is like a dream". I raise a glass to the breeze on the river and the bright moon on the mountain. I get drunk and forget about it. This nostalgic poem is both exciting and sentimental, but the sentimental tone at the end cannot cover up the heroic style of the whole poem. The poem describes the victory of the country and the heroic deeds, which had never appeared successfully before Su Shi. Therefore, this song "Niannujiao" has always been regarded as the representative work of Su Shi's bold poetry. Not only is the imagery of the lyrics unprecedented, but it is also loud and sonorous. ④Su Shi’s poetry is not so rigid in content and form. Sometimes they are written in a straight line, which makes them "poems that cannot be read or repaired" that "can't be tied in the music"; some of them are quite ordinary in terms of content. Just like the Yangtze River, which is full of mud and sand, it is not a clear flowing water. But it is precisely because of this that the grand momentum of the river can be shown. People can criticize it, but they can never deny it. Su Shi's "Niannujiao" is undoubtedly one of the most famous poems in the Song Dynasty. With such a high foothold and such exquisite writing about historical figures, it is not only rare in the world of poetry, but also rare in the country of poetry. As soon as he wrote, he looked high and powerful: "The great river goes eastward, and the waves are gone, and the romantic figures of the ages" - think about how many heroes have appeared in history over thousands of years, how could they not be brilliant for a while, as if they were The pride of the times. Who doesn't admire their heroic demeanor, who doesn't look up to their appearance! However, "the waves behind the Yangtze River push the waves ahead". With the passage of time and the objective laws of metabolism, looking back now, the achievements of those "romantic figures" seem to have been washed away by the waves of the Yangtze River, gradually becoming indifferent and gradually fading. , finally, became a relic of history. "The end of the wave"──it has an image and is more expressive. But more importantly, the author grasped the law of historical development from the beginning and wrote about the status of historical figures in the long history in a highly concise way. This is really a "high position" and a head start. It's amazing.
"To the west of the ancient fortress, the way of humanity is Chibi, Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms" - the above has generally referred to "romantic figures", here we further propose "Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms" as the main idea of ??the article, and the article develops from there. "Rocks and clouds collapsing, waves cracking the shore, and thousands of piles of snow rolling up" - this is an indispensable scene description. In one sentence, the rocks are like collapsing clouds; in another, the stormy waves are like tearing the embankment apart; due to the struggle between the rocks and the stormy waves, countless waves roll up into countless snowdrifts, rising and falling suddenly, one disappearing and the other appearing, creating a beautiful scene. For spectacular. "The country is picturesque, and how many heroes are there at one time" - "Picturesque" is a conclusion drawn from the scenery in front of you. The country is so beautiful, and the characters are all heroes. How could the Yangtze River and Red Cliff not arouse people's nostalgia for the past? Therefore, this leads to a large number of emotional expressions below. "Reminiscing about Gong Jin's time, Xiao Qiao got married for the first time, and he was majestic and heroic" - the author here singles out Zhou Yu as a representative figure here, not only because Zhou Yu was a key figure in the Battle of Chibi, but also because of his artistic tailoring Need to be included. Please see, after "Gong Jin was in the past" suddenly added "Xiao Qiao got married for the first time", and then added "majestic and heroic", it really looks like a small single-plank bridge is built between two cliffs. It is dangerous. It’s an amazing thing, and it’s also something that makes people sigh. It is said to be extremely dangerous because the character Xiao Qiao could not be inserted here originally, but now it seems inappropriate to insert it forcefully. So it is indeed a very risky move. It is also amazing to say that it is because the inclusion of this character can really depict Zhou Yu's elegance and elegance with great spirit. From an artistic point of view, it is truly a work of art. The shaking of the wind and spirit cannot be fully expressed in other sentences. "Feather Fan Lunkerchief" - these four words fully demonstrate Zhou Yu's elegant demeanor and are a further outline and supplement of "Xiao Qiao is married for the first time". "My motherland wanders in my mind, I should laugh at my sentiments, I will be born early"──From here, I turn to the emotion about my personal life experience. "Wandering to the Motherland" means that the Battle of Chibi in the Three Kingdoms and those historical figures aroused many thoughts in me - it was as if my soul had traveled to ancient times. "Sentimental" means mocking one's own sentimentality. Because I am so sentimental, I will inevitably get gray hair early, so I have to laugh at myself. Here, the author feels that he is unable to establish a career and is too old. Compared with Zhou Yu, who was only thirty-four years old when he defeated Cao Cao, he still only sang in nostalgia at Chibijitou. "Life is like a dream, and a statue is like a moon in the river"──so I had to be open-minded. Anyway, it was "like a dream" in the past, and it is also "like a dream" now. It's okay to pick up the wine glass and pour a libation to the bright moon on the river to show respect for it. The word "like a dream" is used here, which just responds to the word "the end of the wave" at the beginning. Because romantic people are just "spoilers", and the world is just "like a dream". Why not be broad-minded and why be overly persistent! This is an undercurrent that has been latent in Su Shi's thinking for a long time and has a tendency to behave centrifugally in the real world. The limitations of class are such that they are often unavoidable and pulsating throughout his life. Looking at the whole poem, it is not necessarily said that it is very high-spirited and positive; but it tells us that words are not something that can only be a slave among wine and flowers. This is a major breakthrough and an epoch-making progress. It is through these creative practices that the new world of Ci poetry gradually develops and expands its field. Su Shi's "Niannujiao" is an excellent beginning. To this day, it still stands like a monument on the road to the development history of Chinese literature. The expression of this word is wanton and generous. It reflects the expression dimension of Su Shi as the bold and unrestrained party. Therefore, this word is known as iron qin and copper lute. ⑤ This poem was written by Su Shi when he was exiled to Huangzhou and visited Red Cliff at the age of 47. Through the description of the majestic scenery of Red Cliff, the poet's yearning for the heroic deeds of Zhou Yu of the Three Kingdoms who defeated the enemy with laughter was expressed, and the poet's emotion caused by his inability to achieve anything and his gray hair caused by paying homage to the ancient relics. Describe the scene in the film. "The great Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves are gone, and the romantic figures of the ages." At the beginning of the poem, the Yangtze River flows eastward day and night, giving people a sudden and shocking feeling. The four words "The Great River Goes East" summarize the characteristics of the turbulent Yangtze River flowing eastwards. "Everyone has a lot of money, and he is a romantic figure through the ages." As time goes by, the "romantic figures" and their heroic deeds throughout the ages have become a historical relic; just like the waves of the Yangtze River, they carry their beautiful images and youthful lives straight to the sea and never look back. "On the west side of the ancient fortress, there is the humane way of Chibi, Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms." The two words "gu fortress" describe the site of the ancient battlefield as it is today. The word "west" points out the direction and gives a sense of reality of being there personally.
The three words "humanity is" are confirmed by people's legends, deepening the emotional color of "nostalgic" and making people feel more cordial. "Three Kingdoms Zhou Lang Chibi" consists of three different nouns: era, character, and place, which form a picture of historical events and present the picture of the "Battle of Chibi" in front of readers. "The rocks penetrated the sky, the stormy waves crashed on the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up." The first sentence about rocks vividly depicts the steep and rugged stone walls reaching into the sky. The second sentence about waves not only describes the rough and violent character of the waves, but also describes the surging momentum of the rapids. At the same time, it seems that you can hear the roar of the wild waves hitting the shore and see its unstoppable power. The third sentence describes the wonderful scene of splashing waves in the "turbulent waves" after "beating the shore". These three sentences describe the scenery, every word is exquisite, and it is vivid in my mind. "The country is picturesque, and there are so many heroes at one time." These two sentences are the key to the transition between the first and second films. "The country is picturesque" is a general evaluation of the majestic country described above. "How many heroes are there in one moment", although it praises Zhou Lang, it also includes the praise of countless heroes in the past dynasties. Here, the poet interweaves the "picturesque" country and numerous "heroes" into words, creating a noble and beautiful artistic conception that makes people awe, yearn for, and fall in love with it. The next film is nostalgic. "I think back to Gong Jin's time, when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time, and she was majestic and handsome." These three sentences describe Zhou Yu's image in his prime. "Xiao Qiao got married for the first time", this sentence is not an ordinary word written in the poem. "Xiao Qiao" is Qiao Xuan's daughter, a famous beauty at that time. Zhou Lang married her in the third year of Jian'an (AD 198). By the time of the Battle of Chibi, they had been married for 10 years. The word "first marriage" here is not a temporary negligence of the poet, but a deliberate attempt to exaggerate the romantic atmosphere of the words. This has a slight artistic effect on shaping the image of Zhou Lang, who is "majestic and heroic". "Feather fan and turban, while talking and laughing, the oars and oars were wiped out in smoke." Zhou Yu held a feather fan in his hand and wore a turban on his head, which showed that although he was a military general, he had the demeanor of a scholar, which highlighted Zhou Yu's heroic spirit of contempt for powerful enemies. "While talking and laughing, the oars and oars disappeared into ashes." The three words "In the midst of talking and laughing", each word weighs thousands of pounds and penetrates the back of the paper, which fully reflects Zhou Yu's effortless demeanor when he defeated the Cao Cao in Chibi. "Qianglu" refers to Cao Cao's army and has a derogatory connotation. "Ashes and smoke", the scene of burning Red Cliff and the tragedy of Cao Cao's fall are vividly reproduced, leaving an unforgettable impression on readers. "My mind is wandering about my homeland. I should laugh at my sentimentality, and I will have gray hair early." My mind seems to have wandered to the place where Zhou Yu made meritorious deeds in the Three Kingdoms era. I should laugh at myself for my sentimentality, and I will have gray hair long ago. These three sentences are the poet's emotions. The above is nostalgic, and here is lyrical. This emotion is derived from nostalgic. "Life is like a dream, and a statue is like a moon in the river." The negative and sentimental mood has a very unhealthy influence, so it is worth noting when reading it. At the same time, it should also be noted that offering wine to Jiang Yue is a reflection of the poet's helpless spiritual depression and an expression of his emotions of being determined to serve the country but unable to express his feelings. Of course, the feudal rulers forced him to do so in this way. The result of comforting one's tortured and damaged soul is undoubtedly somewhat implicit in feelings of dissatisfaction with reality. "Jiang Yue" not only echoes the first sentence, but also points out the time, which enhances the beautiful lyrical atmosphere of the poem and makes the mood of the poem balance hard and soft, with shades and degrees. The red cliff scenery of "rocks" and "turbulent waves" described in the poem, and the "majestic and heroic" image of Zhou Lang, complement each other, each is perfect, and has been passed down by readers of all generations.
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Why is the image of Zhou Yu in "Niannujiao" so different from that in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"? This was caused by Luo Guanzhong, the author of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", who seriously distorted history in order to beautify Zhuge Liang and belittle and vilify Zhou Yu. Zhou Yu in Su Shi's works is young and promising, with literary talents and romantic talents. He is proud of his country and beauties, and has the demeanor of a Confucian general. He is commanding with determination, extraordinary courage, and heroic spirit. The Zhou Yu in history is high-spirited, broad-minded, and promising at a young age. Su Shi admires him very much. The hero, Zhou Yu in Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia, is the real Zhou Yu in history.
Edit the introduction of the author of this paragraph
Author Su Shi
Su Shi, also known as Zizhan and Hezhong, was also known as "Dongpo Jushi". "Su Dongpo". Historical records record that Su Shi was "more than eight feet three inches long, and Su Shi was as broad as the sea." Su Shi was Su Xun's second son (the eldest son died in infancy). In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he and his younger brother Su Zhe became Jinshi. He was awarded the title of Dali judge and signed a letter to the judge of Fengxiang Mansion. In the second year of Xining (1069), his father returned to the court after the mourning period expired and sued the court for the magistrate.
Because he had political disagreements with Prime Minister Wang Anshi and opposed the implementation of the new law (not that he completely disagreed with it, but still partially agreed with it, he opposed it in the early stage, but later went deep into the people, learned about the benefits of the new law, and turned in favor of the good aspects of the new law.), he asked himself to be appointed as a foreign minister. He became a general judge in Hangzhou. Then he moved to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong) and then to Xuzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he suffered the "Wutai Poetry Case" and was appointed deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province). He was placed in the state and was not allowed to sign official documents. After Zhezong was established, Empress Dowager Gao came to the court and returned to the court to serve as the imperial minister of Fenglang Zhidengzhou (today's Penglai, Shandong). Four months later, he was moved to the position of doctor in the Ministry of Rites. Within ten days of his tenure, he was moved to be the assistant of the living room and study room. He was also moved to the Hanlin Academy to know the imperial edicts (second grade) and the tribute examination of the Ministry of Rites. In the fourth year of Yuanyou (1089), he went to know Hangzhou, and later changed his knowledge to Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In the eighth year of Yuanyou's reign (1093), Zhe Zong was in power and was demoted to Huizhou (today's Huizhou City, Guangdong Province) and then to Changhua Army (today's Danzhou City, Hainan Province). Huizong ascended the throne and returned to the north after being pardoned. He died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu Province) in 1101, the first year of Jianzhong's reign, and was buried in Jiacheng County, Ruzhou (now Jiaxian County, Henan Province) at the age of sixty-six. He was given a posthumous title by the emperor. Wenzhong (Gong). He, his father Su Xun (1009-1066) and his younger brother Su Zhe (1039-1112) are all famous for their literature, and are known as "Three Sus" in the world. , Cao Zhi) are equally famous. "Three Su" refers to three of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". The Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties are the collective name for the eight representative prose writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties, namely Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Che in the Song Dynasty. , Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong (divided into two families of Tang Dynasty and six families of Song Dynasty). As an outstanding poet, Su Shi pioneered a bold style of writing, and he is called "Su Xin" together with the outstanding poet Xin Qiji. In poetry, he is called "Su Huang" together with Huang Tingjian. Su Shi's works include "Dongpo Seven Collections", "Dongpo Yuefu", "Pre-Chibi Ode" and "Later Chibi Ode". In terms of political orientation, Su Shi belonged to the old party led by Sima Guang. Because of his great achievements in calligraphy, he, together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang (some scholars believe it is Cai Jing), is known as the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty". The famous descendants promoted by Su Shi include the "Four Scholars of the Su School", namely Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan, Chao Buzhi and Zhang Lei.
Edit the creative background of this paragraph
The lyrics of "Nian Nujiao" were written in the fifth year of Shenzong Yuanfeng (1082), when he had been demoted to Huangzhou for two years due to the "Wutai Poetry Case" More than a year. Chibi (Bi) Island outside Huangzhou City has beautiful scenery and is a place for literati to appreciate. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" later volume 28 contains Dongpo's words: At the western foothills of Huangzhou, fighting into the river, the color of the stone is like red. It is said that Cao Cao's defeat was the so-called Red Cliff. Or not. When Cao Gong returned from defeat, he took the Huarong Road. The road was very muddy, so the old and the weak walked over it first. He said, "Liu Bei is smarter than others but he is late to see things. The Huarong road is covered with reeds. If he were to set fire to it, I would leave nothing behind." Today, on the west bank of Chibi Shao is Huarong Town, where the common people are. However, there is Huarong County in Yuezhou, but I don't know which one it is. Today, the scholar Li Wei came and brought wine in a small boat and drank it under the red cliff. Li Shan played the flute, drank heavily, and performed several tricks. The wind blows and the water surges, big fish come out, and there are falcons roosting on the mountain, which startle them. I sit and recite Meng De and Gong Jin as if I were listening yesterday. The scene of wind and water described by Su Shi here and the association with Cao Cao and Zhou Yu's battle at Chibi are vividly reflected in the poem "Niannujiao" and "Chibi Fu". It is worth noting that Su Shi had some doubts about whether Chibi in Huangzhou was the hometown of the Battle of Chibi during the Three Kingdoms period.
Edit to expand this paragraph:
The famous literary work of the Ming Dynasty "The Story of the Nuclear Boat"
Su Dongpo's poem "Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgic" is full of grandeur and lifting the head Singing high, the artistic conception is broad and broad, and the emotion is vaguely deep, opening up a new world for us. He used nostalgic expressions, paid attention to history and life with a broad-minded heart, and his diction was exquisite, vivid and touching. Therefore, "Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgic" has not only become a famous literary work widely read by later generations, but also a widely expressed work in various arts. The content has produced many artistic masterpieces. "The Story of the Nuclear Boat" is such a famous article that reflects the artistic treasures of "Su Shi's nostalgic lyricism during his visit to Red Cliff". "He Zhou Ji" was written by Wei Xuezhen, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, and compiled into "Xin Zhi of Yu Chu" by contemporary scholar Zhang Chao. "The Story of the Nuclear Boat" vividly describes an exquisite micro-carved handicraft (a boat carved from peach stones), which depicts the scene of Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian and Foyin boating on Red Cliff. The small nuclear boat is only as high as two yellow rice grains, and the cabin, small windows, and railings are just like real ones. There is a total of one boat, with five people and eight windows carved on it; a boat canopy, a paddle, a stove, a teapot, a hand scroll and a rosary made of bamboo leaves; a couplet, title and seal script, totaling thirty-four characters.
But calculating its length, it's less than an inch. The language of the article is plain and concise, and vividly expresses the famous literary story of Su Dongpo and his friends on a boat trip to Red Cliff in history. Facing "the great river going east", he "reminisced about Gong Jin's time" and recited "Nostalgia for the past at Red Cliff". This article uses the spatial sequence from both ends to the middle and from the front to the back to introduce the components, carvings and exquisiteness of the "nuclear boat", and enthusiastically praises the carving art and talents of ancient Chinese folk craftsmen. It expresses the author's admiration for the Ming Dynasty artist Wang Praise for Yi's exquisite craftsmanship. "The Story of the Nuclear Boat" also intuitively shows people the beautiful artistic conception of "the picturesque country and mountains" created by "Red Cliff Nostalgic" through exquisite micro-carving crafts from another aspect. However, due to its long history, Wang Yi's "Dongpo Tour of Red Cliff" nuclear boat has not been handed down in kind. Among the later nuclear boat works, "Night Tour of Red Cliff on Dongpo" has always been a commonly used theme by carving craftsmen. In the Qing Dynasty, Chen Zuzhang, a court craftsman from Guangdong, created the nuclear boat "Dongpo's Night Tour of Red Cliff" based on learning from his predecessors, and developed in both technique and connotation. In addition to Su Dongpo, there were guests, The seven characters, including the guest wife, the boatman, and the book boy, are all exquisitely portrayed, with natural, tranquil and elegant demeanor. One of Chen Zuzhang's nuclear boats has been handed down from generation to generation and is now stored in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, becoming a treasure of the museum. The "National Treasure Grand View" published by Shanghai Culture Publishing House is introduced as follows: "This boat is a slightly darker orange-red color, 1.6 cm high and 3.4 cm long. The boat is fully equipped, with tables and chairs in the cabin, and cups and plates. The dishes have small hollow windows that can be opened or closed. The eight people on the boat are colorful, telling the story of Su Dongpo's night boat trip to Red Cliff. The full text of "Niannujiao·Reminiscence of Red Cliff" is engraved on the bottom of the boat, with "Qianlong Dingsi May Minister" engraved on the bottom. "Chen Zuzhang".
Another reading
In addition to the original text of "Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgia" mentioned above, there is another reading, namely: "Rocks collapsing, clouds collapse, waves surge "Crack the shore". The "piercing" and "shooting" in "the rocks pierce the sky, and the stormy waves hit the shore" are a group of verbs, which make the whole picture full of movement and strength, and highly impactful; while "the rocks collapse and the clouds crash, The words "collapse" and "crack" in "the stormy waves crack the shore" emphasize the effect of this power: the rocks thrust into the sky, causing the clouds to collapse; the stormy waves roared across the river bank, causing the earth and rocks to break apart. These are obviously exaggerated and imaginary. Whether they are good or bad depends on the reader's personal preference. The former literally means "boat paddle" and the latter means "strong enemy". In one sentence, the lyricist uses metonymy, that is, a rhetorical device that does not directly say something, but replaces it with something closely related to it. He uses "樯橹" to refer to the powerful enemy who uses "樯橹".