Su Shi is very important in my heart. Because he has high attainments in literature and poetry, his creation is not limited to literature, and he has made outstanding achievements in calligraphy, painting and other fields, as well as in medicine, cooking, water conservancy and other skills. Therefore, I envy Su Shi, a scholar with rich cultural spirit.
Su Shi, whose word is Zizhan, whose word is neutral, is named Dongpo Jushi and Su Dongpo Han nationality in the world. He was born on1February 19 in Song Renzong? (103765438+108) was born in Yumei Meishan. Grandfather is Su Xu's father Su Xun, the "Su Laoquan" mentioned by Saint Amethyst. ? Su Shi's name "Stone" originally meant the handrail in front of the car, which means it is indispensable to help the needy. ? Su Shi is generous, straightforward and easy to make friends. Good food, good tea, and elegant mountain trips.
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong has worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Huangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. During his tenure, he was very close to the people and did a lot of practical things for the people. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi was 43 years old and transferred to Huzhou. After taking office, he wrote a letter to the emperor Huzhou Xie Biao, which was a routine matter. But Su Shi is a poet, and his works are often emotional. Even if you write red-headed documents, you can't forget to add some personal colors, saying that you are "stupid and ill-timed, and it is difficult to catch up with newcomers" and "old people can make trouble or raise kings". These words were seized by the new party, saying that he "fooled North Korea and was arrogant. They picked out sentences that they thought implied sarcasm from a large number of Su Shi's poems, and for a time there was an anti-Soviet voice in the court. On July 28th this year, Su Shi was arrested by Yushitai officials only three months after he took office and escorted to Beijing. Dozens of people are involved. This is the famous Wutai poetry case in the Northern Song Dynasty. The great blow of Wutai poetry case became the turning point of Su Shi's life. The new party wants to kill Su Shi. The ruling and opposition parties also launched rescue activities at the same time. Not only many elders with the same political views as Su Shi wrote articles in succession, but even some reformists also advised Zongshen not to kill Su Shi. Wang Anshi retired from Jinling. He wrote: "When you live a holy life, how about killing talented people?" "With everyone's efforts, this poem was finalized by Wang Anshi's" One Word ",and Su Shi was lenient and demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) as the deputy envoy of the Youth Federation. Placed in the state and supervised by local officials. Su Shi was imprisoned 103 days and was on the verge of beheading several times. Thanks to the national policy of not killing scholar-officials formulated during the Zhao Kuangyin period in northern Song Taizu, Su Shi dodged a bullet. Su Dongpo didn't fail to be an official because he was hit, but he still served the people as always.
In the fourth year of Yuan You (1089), Su Shi got a bachelor's degree in Longtuge and got to know Hangzhou. Because the West Lake has not been dredged for a long time, more than half of it has been silted up, and the lake has gradually dried up, and the lake is full of weeds, which has seriously affected agricultural production. Su Shi led more than 100 thousand people to dredge the West Lake, expel farmland, restore the old scenery, and set up three towers in the deepest part of the lake as a symbol. (Three pools print the moon today). Su Shi collected the dredged silt and built a long dike running through the West Lake. There are six bridges connected on the dike for pedestrians to pass. Later referred to as "Su Gong Di" or "Su Causeway". In the early morning of spring, Su Causeway is one of the top ten scenic spots in the West Lake, "Dawn in Su Causeway". Willow leaves are covered with gauze, sparkling and birds are singing. "Dongpo built Su Causeway everywhere", even though he was demoted, he ignored his own affairs and actively served the people. When Su Shi was demoted to Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui), he also dredged the West Lake and built a levee in Yingzhou. During Shao Shengyuan's reign (1094), Su Shi was demoted as the deputy envoy of Yuan Ningjun in Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong). Nearly 60-year-old Su Shi galloped day and night, and went to running all the way to be relegated, which was warmly welcomed by Lingnan people. Su Shi took out the gold given by the emperor and donated it to dredge the West Lake and build a long embankment. To this end, "the father and the old get together and the pot is empty. If you can't drink it for three days, you will kill all the chickens in the village. " People are celebrating. Now, this Su Causeway is at the entrance of Huizhou West Lake, like a green belt, which passes through the middle of the lake and divides the lake into two parts, Pinghu on the right and Hu Feng on the left. Su Dongpo built a dike and became a much-told story in the world.
Su Dongpo is also the representative with the highest literary achievements in the Song Dynasty. He has made great achievements in poetry, poetry, prose, books and painting. His poems are broad in subject matter, fresh and healthy, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique in style. He is also called "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. His words are bold and unconstrained, and they are both bold and unconstrained representatives with Xin Qiji, and they are called "Su Xin"; His prose works are rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, becoming one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi is also good at calligraphy and is one of the "Song Sijia"; He is good at painting, especially at ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. There are seven episodes of Dongpo, Yi Zhuan of Dongpo and Yuefu of Dongpo. In his later years, the New Party came to power and was banished to Huizhou and Danzhou. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article". This is a reasonable evaluation and a good death.
So I admire Su Dongpo's "endurance". He became a high official and was exiled to the wilderness. However, Su Dongpo "lives high in the temple and worries about his people" and "lives far away from the rivers and lakes and worries about his king". Being expelled from the whirlpool of power, he can quickly adjust his mentality and position, become a role that adapts to society, and let himself still live happily.
At that time, in the era of "home is the world", "all over the world, it is the land of kings" and "the land of command, is it the minister of kings?" The emperor Lao Tzu can use whoever he wants. This kind of employment relationship has no moral conscience. He likes you and gives you a certain job, which will help you. He doesn't like you anymore As soon as you leave your jobs, you'll be in big trouble. Even if you are an ordinary citizen, you are still his right-hand man. The emperor Lao Tzu can punish him as he wants, and you can't escape. You will never go to the moon ... so Su Dongpo knows this very well. When he is unlucky in his official career, he always shows no resentment, and is very pious, respectful and kind to the people. Because only in this way can we turn the tide. So Su Dongpo's official is getting smaller and smaller and farther away from home. Even though he was banished to the wilderness, he always maintained this patience and endurance. He lamented in "Former Red Cliff Fu": "I lament the moment of life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River." "But the breeze on the river and the bright moon on the mountain are inexhaustible." He expressed his affection for the mountains and rivers and wrote some words to express his thoughts and feelings when he was in exile. He also led his family to open a sloping field in the east of the city in their spare time to help them make a living through farming. He also took a nickname "Dongpo Jushi". But anyway, I always don't want to "seal gold" and I always hate that little black hat on my head. "It is not easy to be an official, and it is even harder to resign. The purple robe and gold belt killed the fame gained by the literati for ten years. " With patience, Su Dongpo finally got his reward after his death, and his life ended in a comedy.
Write poems and songs, play chess and calligraphy, enjoy landscapes, or add some wine and tea ... Literati can only use these "panacea" to comfort themselves and escape the torture of reality. Some people say that the thoughts of literati are "young rangers", "middle-aged officials" and "old immortals". These words sound reasonable, but they may not be all right when you think about it. The idea of fame and fortune mostly permeates everyone's bone marrow. Believe it or not, even though the Ruan brothers in the water margin are fishing for a living, they still clap their necks and shout, "This enthusiasm must find a buyer who knows the goods!" " Rebellious heroes are still like this, let alone Confucian scholars!