Poet's alias
Immortal of Poetry - Li Bai
Li Bai (701-762), courtesy name Taibai, nickname Qinglian Jushi, Romanticism of the Tang Dynasty The poet was hailed as the "Immortal of Poetry" by later generations. His ancestral home is Longxi Chengji (to be tested). He was born in Suiye City in the Western Regions. He moved to Mianzhou, Jiannan Road with his father when he was 4 years old. Li Bai has more than a thousand poems and essays in existence, and the "Collection of Li Taibai" has been handed down to the world. He died of illness in 762 at the age of 61. His tomb is in Dangtu, Anhui today, and there are memorial halls in Jiangyou, Sichuan, and Anlu, Hubei.
Poet Saint - Du Fu
Du Fu (712-770), also known as Zimei, called himself Shaoling Yelao, and was known as "Du Gongbu", "Du Shaoling", etc., Han nationality Du Fu, a native of Gong County, Henan Province (now Gongyi City, Henan Province), was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was revered as the "Sage of Poetry" by the world, and his poems were called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du". He was concerned about the country and the people, and had a noble personality. About 1,400 of his poems have been preserved. His poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766, and is commemorated by Du Fu's Thatched Cottage in later generations.
Poetry Demon——Bai Juyi
Bai Juyi (772-846), also known as Letian, also known as Xiangshan Jushi, also known as Mr. Zuiyin, was originally from Taiyuan, and moved to Xia when his great-grandfather was here Gui was born in Xinzheng, Henan. He was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three major poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen jointly advocated the New Yuefu Movement, known as "Yuan Bai" in the world, and "Liu Bai" together with Liu Yuxi. Bai Juyi's poetry has a wide range of themes, diverse forms, and simple and popular language. He is known as the "Poetry Demon" and the "Poetry King". He became a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. There is "Bai's Changqing Collection" handed down from generation to generation, and his representative poems include "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "The Charcoal Seller", "Pipa Play" and so on.
Poetry Ghost - Li He
Li He (about 791 AD - about 817 AD), also known as Changji, Han nationality, was born in Fuchang, Henan Province in the Tang Dynasty (now Yiyang, Luoyang, Henan Province). County), lived in Changgu, Fuchang, later called Li Changgu. He was a descendant of Li Liang, Prince Zheng of the Tang Dynasty. Known as the "Poetry Ghost", he is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty who is as famous as the "Poetry Sage" Du Fu, the "Poetry Immortal" Li Bai and the "Poetry Buddha" Wang Wei. He is the author of "Changgu Collection". Li He was a romantic poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty. He, Li Bai and Li Shangyin were called the three Lis of the Tang Dynasty. There is a saying that "the immortal talents of Taibai and the ghosts of Changji". Li He is another famous romantic poet in the history of Chinese literature after Qu Yuan and Li Bai. Li He has a long-term depression and sentimentality, and a lifestyle of anxious thoughts and wistfulness. In the eighth year of Yuanhe (813), he resigned from Fenglilang and returned to Changgu due to illness. He died young at the age of 27.
Poet Hao - Liu Yuxi
Liu Yuxi (772-842). ), courtesy name Mengde, Han nationality, native of Pengcheng (now Xuzhou) in the Tang Dynasty of China, native of Luoyang, Tang Dynasty writer and philosopher, claimed to be a descendant of King Jing of Shanzhong Mountain in Hanzhong, served as censor, and was a member of Wang Shuwen's political reform group Member. A famous poet in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, he was known as the "poetry hero". His family was a scholarly family that passed down Confucianism from generation to generation. He was one of the central figures in the political innovation activities of the Wang Shuwen School. After failing, he was demoted to the position of Sima of Langzhou (today's Changde, Hunan). According to the research of Mr. Zhou Xinguo, a historian and collector in Changde, Hunan, Liu Yuxi wrote the famous "Spring View of Shoucheng in Han Dynasty" while he was demoted to Sima of Langzhou.
Poetry Master——Wang Bo
Wang Bo (649 or 650-676 or 675), Han nationality, was born in Longmen, Jiangzhou (now Hejin, Shanxi). Lu Zhaolin and King Luo Bin are equally famous, and they are known as the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". Among them, Wang Bo is the leader of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". In August of the third year of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (676), when he was returning from Jiaozhi to visit his father, he unfortunately drowned in the sea and died of panic. He is good at Wulu and Wujue in poetry genres, and his representative works include "Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou"; his main literary achievement is parallel prose, which is the best in terms of quantity and quality. His representative works include "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" and so on. .
Poetry and Buddha——Wang Wei
Wang Wei (701-761, one theory is 699-761), courtesy name Mojie, Han nationality, Puzhou, Hedong (now Shanxi) Yuncheng), whose ancestral home is Qixian County, Shanxi Province, is a poet of the Tang Dynasty and is known as the "Poetry Buddha". Su Shi commented on him: "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings in the poems; when you look at Mojie's paintings, there are poems in the paintings." In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (721), he was promoted to Jinshi, Tai Lecheng. Wang Wei is a representative poet of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He has more than 400 poems in existence today. His important poems include "Lovesickness" and "Dwelling in the Mountains in the Twilight of Autumn". Wang Wei was proficient in Buddhism and was greatly influenced by Zen Buddhism. There is a Buddhist "Vimalakīrti Sutra", which is the origin of Wang Wei's name. Wang Wei is famous for his poetry, calligraphy and painting. He is very versatile and proficient in music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are collectively known as "Wang Meng".
Poetic Maniac - He Zhizhang
He Zhizhang (659-744), courtesy name Jizhen, also known as Siming Kuangke, Han nationality, Yongxing (now Xiaoshan, Zhejiang), Yuezhou (now Shaoxing), Tang Dynasty He Zhizhang's poems are famous for their quatrains. In addition to his music for worshiping gods and poems composed in response to his wishes, his poems describing scenes and expressing feelings are unique in style, fresh and unrestrained. His two famous poems, "Ode to the Willows" and "Returning to Hometown", are very popular and have been passed down through the ages. There are still 19 poems recorded in "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty".
Poetic Bone - Chen Ziang
Chen Ziang (about 661 AD to 702 AD) was a litterateur in the Tang Dynasty and one of the revolutionary figures in poetry and literature in the early Tang Dynasty. The courtesy name is Boyu, Han nationality, and a native of Shehong, Zizhou (now part of Sichuan). Because he served as You Shiyi, later generations called him Chen Shiyi. He was a Jinshi in Guangzhai and served as an official in Lintai, Zhengzi and Youshiyi of Wu Zetian Dynasty. After he was dismissed and returned home, he was harmed by others and died of sorrow and anger. He has more than 100 poems in existence, the most representative of which are 38 poems "Feeling Encountered", 7 poems "Jiqiu Viewing the Ancients and Gifting to Master Lu for Collection" and "Dengyouzhou Taige".
Poetry Prisoner - Meng Jiao
Meng Jiao, (751～814), a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The word is Dongye. Han nationality, a native of Wukang, Huzhou (now Deqing, Zhejiang), his ancestral home is Pingchang (now northeast of Linyi, Shandong), and his ancestors lived in Luoyang (now in Henan). A famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. There are more than 500 existing poems, among which short five-character ancient poems are the most numerous. The representative work is "Wandering Zi Yin". He is known as the "poem prisoner" and is as famous as Jia Dao, and is also known as "the thin island in the cold suburbs". In the ninth year of Yuanhe, he died of illness in Nexiang (now Lingbao, Henan). Zhang Ji's private posthumous title is Mr. Zhen Yao.
Poetry Slave - Jia Dao
Jia Dao (779-843), courtesy name Lang (Lang) Xian, was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Han nationality, a native of Fanyang County, Youzhou, Hebei Province (now Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province) in the Tang Dynasty. In his early years, he became a monk with no original title. Called himself "Jieshi Mountain Man". It is said that when he was in Luoyang, because there was an order prohibiting monks from going out in the afternoon, Jia Dao wrote poems and complained, and Han Yu discovered his talent. Later, he was taught by Han Yu and returned to secular life to take part in the imperial examination, but he failed to pass the examination. During the reign of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was marginalized and demoted to the position of Chief Registrar of the Yangtze River. At the beginning of Huichang, Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty joined the army from Puzhou Sicang and was appointed as Sihu. He died of illness before taking office.
Qinglian layman——Li Bai
See the article "Poetic Immortal".
Xiangshan layman——Bai Juyi
See the article "Poetry Demon".
Sikong Tu (837-908), a poet and poetry critic of the late Tang Dynasty. The character means saint, and he calls himself Zhifeizi, and he is also called the layman who tolerates humiliation. His ancestral home is Linhuai (now southeast of Sixian County, Anhui). He moved with his family to Yu Township in Hezhong (now Yongji, Shanxi) since he was a child. In the tenth year of Xiantong's reign (869), Emperor Yizong of the Tang Dynasty took the examination and was promoted to Jinshi. In the fourth year of Tianfu (904), Zhu Quanzhong summoned him as the Minister of Rites. Sikong Tu pretended to be old and inactive and was released. In the second year of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty (908), Emperor Ai of the Tang Dynasty was killed. He went on a hunger strike and died at the age of seventy-two. Sikong Tu's achievements mainly lie in poetry theory, and "Twenty-Four Poems" is an immortal work. "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" contains three volumes of poems.
Li Yu, the layman of Lianfeng
Li Yu, the king of the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigned from 961 to 975. His courtesy name was Chongguang, his first name was Congjia, and his nicknames were Zhongyin and Zhongyin. Layman Lianfeng. Han nationality, from Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). The sixth son of Li Jing, Emperor Yuanzong of the Southern Tang Dynasty, succeeded to the throne in the second year of Jianlong of the Song Dynasty (961), and was known as Empress Li in history. In the eighth year of Kaibao's reign, the Song army defeated the capital of the Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Yu surrendered to the Song Dynasty and was captured in Bianjing. He was named General You Qianniu Guard and Marquis of Disobedience.
Later, he was poisoned by Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty for writing the noun "poppy poppy" that was sentimental to his homeland. Although Li Yu has no political knowledge, his artistic talent is extraordinary. He is proficient in calligraphy, good at painting, proficient in music and rhythm, and has certain attainments in poetry and prose, especially his greatest achievements in poetry. The eternal masterpieces "Poppy Poppies", "Langtaosha", "Crying in the Night" and other words. Li Yu, who failed politically, left an immortal chapter in the world of Ci poetry and was known as the "Eternal Ci Emperor".
Longqiu layman——Chen Zhen
Chen Zhen (date of birth and death unknown), named Jichang, was a native of Meizhou (now Qingshen, Sichuan) in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is said that Yongjia (Zhejiang) This county), the fourth son of Chen Xiliang. Living in Qiting, Huangzhou (now Huangzhou District, Huanggang City, Hubei Province), he often believed in Buddhism and was deeply involved in Zen studies. He called himself Mr. Longqiu, also known as Fang Shanzi. He was a good friend of Su Dongpo. He often discussed war with Su Shi and ancient and modern successes and failures. He liked guests. Store and sound prostitutes.
Endless layman——Zhang Shangying
Zhang Shangying (1043-1122) was a native of Xinjin, Shuzhou, with the courtesy name Tianjue and the nickname of Endless layman. Brother Zhang Tangying. In the second year of Emperor Yingzong's reign, he became a Jinshi. Transferred to the chief register of Tongchuan. Xi Ningzhong was recommended by Zhang Dun, the power inspector was in charge of official affairs in the study room, and he was promoted to supervise the censor Li Xing. He was responsible for supervising Jingnan tax. Zhe Zong first served as an official in Kaifeng Prefecture. He repeatedly sought advancement in power, opposed slightly updated laws, proposed a prison in Hedong, and moved several places in succession. Zhezong was in charge of the government personally, and he was called Zhengyan from the right. He moved to the left to admonish, and vigorously attacked Yuanyou ministers Sima Guang and Lu Gongzhu. After Huizong ascended the throne, he moved to Zhongshushe. He became a Hanlin scholar at the beginning of Chongning. He sought worship from the right prime minister and became the left prime minister. He disagreed with Cai Jing in discussing politics, so he dismissed Bozhou and joined the Yuanyou Party. In the fourth year of Daguan, he worshiped Shangshu Youpushe, changed Cai Jing's behavior, and maintained political stability. He was criticized and demoted for Taiwan ministers. Later, he returned to his old official post. Posthumous title: Wenzhong. There are "Shen Zong Canon", "Endless Lay Collection" and so on.
Guxi layman——Li Zhiyi
Li Zhiyi (1038～1117) was a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Uncle Duan, and his nickname is Guxi layman and Guxi old farmer. Han nationality, from Wudi (Qingyun County), Cangzhou. Zhezong Yuanyou was the editor of the Privy Council at the beginning, and he was responsible for judging Yuanzhou. At the end of Yuanyou's reign, he followed Su Shi in the Dingzhou shogunate and advocated rewards day and night. In the incense and medicine storehouse of Yuanfu Zhongjian, Shi Yu, the imperial censor, accused him of being a staff member of Su Shi and was not allowed to serve as a Beijing official, so he was suspended. Huizong Chongning first promoted Changping, Hedong. Later, because he offended the powerful Cai Jing, he was removed from the administration of Taiping Prefecture (today's Dangtu, Anhui). Later, he was pardoned and reinstated, and he lived in Dangtu in his later years. He is the author of one volume of "Guxi Ci", 50 volumes of "Guxi layman's first collection" and two volumes of "Guxi inscriptions and postscripts".
Valley Taoist——Huang Tingjian
Huang Tingjian (1045.8.9-1105.5.24), courtesy name Luzhi, also known as Valley Taoist, late Fu Weng, Hongzhou Fenning (now Jiangxi Province A native of Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, he was a famous writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was the founder of the Jiangxi School of Poetry, which was very popular for a while. He was known as one of the "one ancestor and three sects" (Huang Tingjian was one of them) along with Du Fu, Chen Shidao and Chen Yuyi. say. Together with Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi, and Qin Guan, they all studied under Su Shi's sect, and they were collectively known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School". During his lifetime, he was as famous as Su Shi and was known as "Su Huang" in the world. He is the author of "Valley Ci", and Huang Tingjian's calligraphy is also unique, and he is one of the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty".
Banshan layman——Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi (December 18, 1021 - May 21, 1086), with the courtesy name Jiefu and the nickname Banshan, was given the title of Duke of Jing. The world also calls him King Jinggong. Han nationality, a native of Linchuan, Fuzhou, Northern Song Dynasty (now a native of Dengjia Lane, Linchuan District, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province), a famous politician, thinker, writer and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Ouyang Xiu praised Wang Anshi: "There are three thousand romantic poems in the Imperial Academy and two hundred years of articles in the official department. I still have self-pity in my old age, and who will compete with my son in the future." The handed down collections of works include "Wang Linchuan Collection", "Linchuan Collection Supplements" and so on. He is good at all styles of poetry and prose. Although he does not have many words, he is also good at it. He has famous works such as "Guizhixiang" and so on. The most widely circulated poem by Wang Jinggong is "The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me again."
Xiechuan layman - Su Guo
p>Su Guo (1072-1124) was a native of Meishan, Meizhou. His courtesy name was Shudang and his nickname was Xiechuan Jushi. Su Shizi. Yi Yin was appointed as You Chengwu Lang. Shi commanded Dingwu and was banished to Lingnan, but he only served with him. In the first year of Emperor Huizong's founding of the Jingguo Dynasty, Shi died and was buried in Xiao'emei Mountain in Jiacheng, Ruzhou. He then moved to Xiaoxiechuan in Yingchang, so he was named after him.
He was in charge of taxation in Taiyuan Prefecture, and knew about Lincheng County. In his later years, he had the power to pass judgment on Zhongshan Prefecture. Able to write, good at calligraphy and painting, he is known as "Xiaopo". There is "Xiechuan Collection".
Cuiwei layman——Xue Shaopeng
Xue Shaopeng, a native of Wanquan in Hezhong, was given the courtesy name Daozu and his nickname was Cuiwei layman. Xue Xiangzi. In the first year of Zhe Zong Yuanyou's reign, he became the official Chengshilang and supervised the Taiping Palace of the Qing Dynasty. He served as the Supervisor of the Shaofu Prefecture, compiled and compiled in the Secret Pavilion of the Tibetan Officials, and learned about Zitong Road and Cao Cao. Gongshu is good at Xing, Zheng, Cao and other styles. He adopts the methods of Jin and Tang Dynasties. His style is rigorous and he is in his own way. He and Mi Fu were friends in calligraphy and painting, and their calligraphy was also known as "Mi Xue".
Yifu Jushi——Zheng Xia
Zheng Xia (1041-1119) was born in Fuqing, Fuzhou, with the courtesy name Jiefu and the names Daqing Jushi and Yifu Jushi. Yingzong became a Jinshi in the fourth year of Zhiping's reign. Diuguang State Justice joined the army. When he entered Beijing with full rank, it was inconvenient for Wang Anshi to introduce the new law. After a long time, the prison guard came to the door. During the seventh year of Xining reign of Emperor Shen Zong, there was a long drought and no rain. The refugees carried the road, drew pictures of the refugees, and petitioned for the new law to be withdrawn. The next day, there were eight out of ten cases where the new law was withdrawn. When Lu Huiqing came to power, he was relegated to Tingzhou and moved to Yingzhou. Only when Zhe Zong was established could he return. In the seventh year of Yuanfu's reign, he was demoted to Yingzhou again. After Huizong was established, he was pardoned and returned to his old position. However, he was captured by Cai Jing again and did not return. There is "Xitang Collection".
Lumen layman——Mi Fu
Mi Fu (1051-1107) was a calligrapher, painter and theorist of calligraphy and painting in the Northern Song Dynasty. His ancestral home is Taiyuan and he moved to Xiangyang. He has great talent, poor character, and is obsessed with cleanliness. It was imitated by people from the Tang Dynasty and stored more rare stones. The world name is Midian. Calligraphy and painting are in a class of their own. He can paint dead wood, bamboo and rocks, always coming up with new ideas, and he can also paint landscapes, creating an ink play of clouds and mountains, hidden by smoke and clouds, which is plain and innocent. Good at poetry, good at calligraphy, and good at identification. He is good at calligraphy styles such as seal script, official script, regular script, running script, and cursive script. He is good at copying ancient calligraphy to the point of imitating the real calligraphy. One of the four families of Song Dynasty. He once served as school secretary, doctor of calligraphy and painting, and wailang of the Ministry of Etiquette.
Caotang layman——Wei Ye
Wei Ye (960-1020) was a native of Shaanxian County, Shaanxi Province. His courtesy name was Zhongxian and his name was Caotang layman. Not seeking official career, he built his own thatched cottage, played the piano and composed poems in it. In the fourth year of Zhenzong's Dazhong Xiangfu reign, the emperor worshiped Fenyin and was recommended together with his cousin Li Du. He was mentioned in illness and ordered to be cared for by the governor of the county. He was friendly with Wang Dan and Kou Zhun and often visited and sang. The poetry is exquisite and painstaking, in the style of the Tang Dynasty, and contains many warning sentences. There are "Dongguan Collection" and "Caotang Collection".
Liuyi layman——Ouyang Xiu
Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072), whose courtesy name was Yongshu, also known as Zuiweng, and later known as "Sixty-one layman". Han nationality, native of Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Yongfeng County, Jiangxi Province). Because Jizhou originally belonged to Luling County, he called himself "Luling Ouyang Xiu". His posthumous title was Wenzhong, and he was known as Ouyang Wenzhonggong in the world. Politicians, writers, and historians of the Northern Song Dynasty, together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, and Zeng Gong, are collectively known as the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Later generations called him, Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Su Shi, the "Four Great Masters of Eternal Writing".
Dongpo layman——Su Shi
Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer, calligrapher, painter and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zizhan and his nickname is Dongpo Jushi. Han nationality, Sichuan native, buried in Yingchang (now Jiaxian County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province). He had a bumpy official career throughout his life, but he was knowledgeable and talented. He was excellent in poetry, calligraphy and painting. His writing is unbridled, clear and fluent. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is called Ou Su, and he is one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His poetry is fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggeration and metaphor, and his artistic expression is unique. He is also called Su Huang together with Huang Tingjian. He started a bold and unrestrained school and had a huge influence on later generations. Together with Xin Qiji, he was called Su Xin. He was good at calligraphy in running script and regular script. He could create his own ideas. His pen was rich and ups and downs, and he had an innocent taste. He was called Song Dynasty together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang. The four schools have the same painting studies and literature, advocate spiritual similarity in painting, and advocate "scholar painting". He is the author of "The Complete Works of Su Dongpo" and "Su Dongpo Yuefu".
Huaihai layman - Qin Guan
Qin Guan (1049-1100), also known as Taixu and Shaoyou, was also known as Hangou layman and was known as Mr. Huaihai in the world. Han nationality, a native of Gaoyou (now Jiangsu) in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was an official and became a doctor of Taixue. He was an editor of the National History Museum. Qin Guan lived a rough life, and the poems he wrote are ancient and heavy, reflecting his life experience and deeply touching. Wherever Qin Guan traveled during his lifetime, there are many relics.
For example, Qin Shaoyou Temple in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Qin Shaoyou Statue, Mr. Huaihai Temple, and Yinghua Pavilion in Lishui; Qin Xueshi Temple in Qingtian; Sanjue Monument in Chenzhou, Hunan; Haitang Pavilion, Zuixiang Pavilion, Huaihai Hall, Huaihai Academy, etc. in Hengxian County, Guangxi. Qin Guan's tomb is located on Canshan Mountain in the north of Huishan in Wuxi. The tombstone has the characters "Qin Long Tu Tomb" written on it. There are Qinjia Village, Qinjia Courtyard and Ancient Literature Tour Platform, a provincial cultural relic protection unit.
Houshan layman——Chen Shidao
Chen Shidao (1053～1102) was an official and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Lu Chang, and his nickname is Wuji. He is Han nationality and a native of Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province). In the early Yuan Dynasty, Su Shi and others recommended his writing style, and he became a professor in Xuzhou. He served successively as doctor of Taixue, professor of Yingzhou, and secretary Sheng Zhengzi. He spent his whole life in poverty and contentment, and chanted hard behind closed doors. He was known as "Searching behind closed doors to find out what Chen Wuji is". Chen Shidao is one of the Six Gentlemen of the Su family and an important writer of the Jiangxi Poetry School. He is also good at poetry, and his style of poetry is similar to that of poetry, and he is good at being bold and shocking. However, his poems and lyrics suffer from narrow content and difficult meaning. He is the author of "Mr. Houshan's Collection" and his lyrics include "Houshanci".
Muslim layman——Zhou Bangyan
Zhou Bangyan (1056-1121), a famous poet in China in the late Northern Song Dynasty, with the courtesy name Meicheng and the name of Muslim layman, Han nationality, Qiantang ( Today's Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) people. He has been an official of Taixue Zheng, a professor of Luzhou, and an acquaintance of Lishui County. During the reign of Emperor Huizong, the Huiyou Pavilion was waiting to be established and promoted to Dasheng Mansion. He is proficient in music and has created many new lyrics and tunes. Most of the works are about love affairs and travel, and there are also works that sing about objects. Metrically rigorous. The language is elegant and elegant. Long tunes are especially good at telling narratives. It was followed by later metrical poets. In the old days, he was called the "top poet" in poetry theory. There is a "Halal Collection" handed down from generation to generation.
Zeng Zhen, a traveling layman
Zeng Zhen (? - 1155) was a Taoist scholar in the early Southern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name was Duanbo, his nickname was Zhiyouzi, and he was a native of Jinjiang (now Quanzhou, Fujian Province). The year of birth and death is unknown. The descendant of Zeng Gongliang, a minister of the Northern Song Dynasty. Zeng Guan went to Shangshu Lang and Zhibaowen Pavilion. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in Yinfeng and devoted himself to Taoism. He advocated that "the study of Taoism should be based on purity and vipassana." He compiled forty-two volumes of "Daoshu" and selected a large number of Taoism and health-preserving techniques, including Yili, Yinfu, Huangting, and Tai Chi. , Convincing Qi, Great Elixir, Refining Essence, Fetal Breath, Golden Dragon and Tiger, Lead and Mercury Five Elements, etc. After his death, Zeng Zhen was listed as a famous official of Neo-Confucianism and enshrined in the Xiangxian Temple.
Jiaxuan layman——Xin Qiji
Xin Qiji (1140-1207), a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. His original name was Tanfu, changed to You'an, and his nickname was Jiaxuan. He was Han nationality and a native of Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong). When he was born, the Central Plains was occupied by Jin soldiers. At the age of 21, he joined the anti-Jin rebel army and soon returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. He has successively served as the pacifier of Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, and eastern Zhejiang. He devoted his life to resisting gold. He once published "Ten Comments on Meiqin" and "Nine Discussions" to lay out strategies for war and defense. His poems express the patriotic enthusiasm of trying to restore the unity of the country, express the grief and indignation of unrealized aspirations, and condemn the humiliation of the then rulers for peace; there are also many works that praise the country's mountains and rivers. The subject matter is broad and he is good at using allusions from previous generations into the lyrics. The style is majestic and heroic yet not lacking in delicacy and tenderness. Because Xin Qiji's anti-golden ideas were inconsistent with the political views of the peace faction in power, he was later impeached and dismissed from office, and retired to Daihu, Jiangxi.
Youqi Jushi——Zhu Shuzhen
Zhu Shuzhen (about 1135~1180), also known as Youqi Jushi, was a female poet in the Song Dynasty and the most abundant female writer since the Tang and Song Dynasties. one. He was alive in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty. His ancestral home was Shezhou (now Shexian County, Anhui Province). According to "Sikuquanshu", he was "a native of Haining, central Zhejiang", and one said he was from Qiantang, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). Born into an official family. The husband was a minor grammar official, but due to different interests and disharmony between the couple, he eventually died of depression and early death. It is also said that after Shuzhen passed away, her parents burned her manuscripts during her lifetime. The rest of his life cannot be examined and is inconclusive. The existing "Collection of Broken Heart Poems" and "Hancheang Ci" have been handed down to the world, and they are the remaining chapters after the calamity.
Yi Zhai layman——Zhao Mengjian
Chinese Southern Song Dynasty painter. He was born in the fifth year of Qingyuan (1199) and died in the fifth year of Jingding (1264). One theory is that he died in the third year of Xianchun (1267). His courtesy name was Zigu, his name was Yi Zhai; he was the eleventh grandson of Taizu of the Song Dynasty, Han nationality, and a native of Guangchen, Haiyan (now Guangchen, Pinghu, Jiaxing). He once served as the governor of Huzhou, the transfer chief, the county magistrate of Zhuji, and the governor of Zuobian.
He was good at poetry and writing, and was collected by a wealthy family. He was good at plums, orchids, bamboos, and stones, and was especially good at depicting narcissus in white. His paintings mostly used ink, with strong and smooth brushwork, light ink and slight dyeing, and an elegant style, which was highly praised by literati. There are calligraphy and ink ink "Self-written Poems Volume", paintings such as "Molan Pictures", "Ink Fairy Pictures", "Suihan Three Friends Pictures", etc., and he wrote 4 volumes of "Yizhai Wenbian".
Jianzhai layman——Chen Yuyi
Chen Yuyi (1090-1138), named Qufei and named Jianzhai, was of Han nationality. His ancestors lived in Jingzhao, and his great-grandfather Chen Xiliang moved to Luoyang. He was a native of Luoyang, Henan Province in the Song Dynasty (now part of Henan Province). He was born in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), the reign of Zhezong of the Song Dynasty, and died in the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138), the eighth year of Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty. An outstanding poet at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty was also good at writing lyrics. Although there are only more than ten of his poems extant today, they have a unique style, especially close to that of Su Dongpo. His language is extraordinary, his writing is powerful, sparse, bright, and natural. He is the author of "Jian Zhai Ji".
The Luchuan layman——Zhang Yuanqian
Zhang Yuanqian came from a scholarly family. His father's name was Dong, and he was a Jinshi. He became a bachelor in Longtuge and was good at poetry. Influenced by his family tradition, Zhang Yuanqian was smart and studious since he was a child. Hanguang Pavilion and Shuiyue Pavilion in Yongtai were where he lived and studied in his childhood. At the age of fourteen or fifteen, he followed his father to Guanli (in Linzhang County), Hebei Province. He was already able to write poems. He often sang with his father and his guests, and was known as "Smart".
Stone Forest layman——Ye Mengde
Ye Mengde (1077～1148) was a poet in the Song Dynasty. The word Shaoyun. A native of Wuxian County, Suzhou. In the fourth year of Shaosheng's reign (1097), he became a Jinshi and served successively as a scholar of the Hanlin Academy, a minister of household affairs, and an ambassador to Jiangdong. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in the Stone Forest of Linglong Mountain in Bianshan Mountain, Huzhou, so he was called Shilin Jushi. Most of his poems and essays were named after Stone Forest, such as "Stone Forest Yan Yu", "Stone Forest Ci", "Stone Forest Poems", etc. He died in the 18th year of Shaoxing and was 72 years old. After his death, he was given a posthumous gift to Shaobao, the school inspector. In the process of the variation of poetry style from the late Northern Song Dynasty to the first half of the Southern Song Dynasty, Ye Mengde was an important poet who played a pioneering and pivotal role. As one of the older poets in Nandu, Ye Mengde pioneered a new path in the poetry world in the first half of the Southern Song Dynasty, when "qi" was used in poetry. The Qi in Ye Ci is mainly expressed in three aspects: heroic spirit, madness, and elegance.
Liu Kezhuang, a layman in Houcun Village
Liu Kezhuang (1187～1269) was a poet, lyricist and poetry critic of the Southern Song Dynasty. The name is Qianfu and the name is Houcun. A native of Putian, Fujian. A leader in the literary world in the late Song Dynasty and an important representative of the Xin School of poets, he had a heroic and generous writing style. Among the Jianghu poets, he has the longest life span, the highest official position, and the greatest achievements. In his later years, he devoted himself to the creation of Ci Fu and put forward many innovative theories.
Shenning layman——Wang Yinglin
Wang Yinglin (1223-1296) was an official and scholar of classics and history in the Southern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Bohou, his nickname is Shen Ning Jushi, and his nickname is Hou Zhai. A native of Yin County, Qingyuan Prefecture (now Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province). Lizong Chunyou became a Jinshi in the first year of his career, and returned to the Bo Xue Hong Ci Department in the fourth year of Baoyou. Li Guan was the chief registrar of Taichang Temple and general magistrate of Taizhou. He was called to be the Supervisor of Secret Festivals, the Secretary of Quan Zhongshu, and was appointed as the Minister of Huizhou and the Minister of Rites. He was upright and outspoken, and repeatedly offended the powerful ministers Ding Daquan and Jia Sidao and was dismissed. Later, he resigned and returned to his hometown, where he devoted himself to writing for twenty years. As a scholar of Zhu Xi, he dabbled in classics, history, astronomy and geography, was familiar with the anecdote system, and was good at textual research. He wrote quite a lot in his life, including more than 20 kinds and more than 600 volumes. It is said that he wrote the "Three Character Classic".
Yuhu layman——Zhang Xiaoxiang
Yi’an layman——Li Qingzhao Zhang Xiaoxiang (1132-1169), named Anguo, named Yuhu layman, Han nationality, Jianzhou ( He was born in Yin County, Mingzhou. Song Dynasty poet. He is the author of 40 volumes of "Yu Hu Collection" and 1 volume of "Yu Hu Ci". His wit is quick, his words are bold and hearty, and his style is similar to that of Su Shi. Xiaoxiang "tastefully admires Dongpo. Whenever he writes a poem, he will ask his disciples: 'How is it compared to Dongpo?'"
Chashan layman-Zeng Ji
Zeng Ji (1085--1166), whose courtesy name was Jifu, took the name of Chashan layman. Southern Song Dynasty poet. He was originally from Ganzhou (now Ganxian County, Jiangxi Province) and moved to Henan Prefecture (now Luoyang, Henan Province). He successively held the posts of Jiangxi and Zhejiang Provincial Commissioner, Secretary and Young Supervisor, and Minister of Rites. Zeng Ji was knowledgeable and diligent in political affairs.
The characteristics of his poetry emphasize the use of words to form sentences. No strange words or unusual rhymes are used in poetry. The style is lively and flowing, and the chanting of objects emphasizes the similarity of spirits. In addition, his poetry style is light, the meaning of the words is clear, the language is smooth and brisk, and the images are more vivid. The content is mostly about personal daily life, and there are also works about patriotism and anti-goldenism. He is the author of "Chashan Collection".
Guanyuan layman——Ji Yougong
Ji Yougong (date of birth and death unknown), named Minfu, was born in Anren, Dayi. He was alive around the first year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty (1126). He is Zhang Jun's uncle and once lived in the Jun shogunate. After the Song Dynasty moved to the south, he was sent by Zhang Jun to Gaozong of the Song Dynasty to present the "Jin Jian" written by him. In the fifth year of Shaoxing (1135), Yi Youcheng Yilang knew Jianzhou, and later promoted the official affairs of tea and salt in Changping, Zhejiang West Road. Ji Yougong wrote eighty-one volumes of "Chronicles of Tang Poetry", which contains a wealth of collections. Among the poets of the Tang Dynasty, there were 1,150 records of their famous works and their abilities. See "General Catalog of Siku".
Shihu layman——Fan Chengda
Fan Chengda (1126-1193), whose courtesy name was Zhineng, was known as the Shihu layman. Han nationality, from Wuxian County, Pingjiang (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). Poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Posthumous title Wenmu. Starting from the Jiangxi School, he later studied the poetry of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasties, inherited the realism spirit of the New Yuefu poets such as Bai Juyi, Wang Jian, and Zhang Ji, and finally became his own school. The style is simple, fresh and charming. Poetry has a wide range of themes, and the works that reflect the content of rural social life have the highest achievements. Together with Yang Wanli, Lu You and You Miao, he is known as the "Four Great ZTE Poets" of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Suichu layman——You Miao
You Miao (1127-1202), also known as Yanzhi, also known as Jichang, also known as Suichu layman, and in his later years, he was also known as Lexi and Mushi. Old Yimin. A famous poet, minister and bibliophile in the Southern Song Dynasty. His grandfather You Shen and his father You Shixiang were both good at history and poetry. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1148), You Miao became a Jinshi. It was originally ordered by Taixing. In the Xiaozong Dynasty, he was the Prime Minister of Dazong. He moved to Taichang Shaoqing. Quan served as the minister of the Ministry of Rites and compiled the history of the country. He also served as a scholar in the middle school and a direct bachelor. In the Guangzong Dynasty, he was appointed as the minister of Huanzhang Pavilion and was given the title of Shizhong. After his death, he was given the posthumous title "Wen Jian". You Miao, together with Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda and Lu You, are known as the "four great poets of the Southern Song Dynasty". The original fifty volumes of "Liangxi Collection" were lost early. You Dong of the Qing Dynasty compiled two volumes of "Liangxi Manuscripts" and published them at that time.
Nicknamed
Zhang Sanying
Zhang Xian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, had a wild reputation and was praised for his exquisite poems. "Ancient and Modern Poetry" said: "A guest said to Ziye: 'Everyone calls Gong Zhang Sanzhong, that is, things in the heart, tears in the eyes, and people in the mind.' Ziye said: 'Why not call it Zhang Sanying?' The guest didn't know. Gong. He said: "When the clouds break and the moon comes, the flowers make shadows", "The delicate and lazy people rise up, and the curtains roll up the shadows of flowers", "There is no one in the willow path, and the catkins fly without shadows". This is what he was proud of for the rest of his life." Later, people called him. "Zhang Sanying".
Hongxing Shangshu
Writer and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty. Zijing, whose ancestral home is Yongqiu, Kaifeng Prefecture (today's Minquan Twin Towers in Shangqiu, Henan Province), was born in Anlu, Anzhou (today's Anlu, Hubei Province). In the second year of Tiansheng's reign, he was a Jinshi, a bachelor of the Imperial Academy, and a historian. Together with Ouyang Xiu and others, he compiled the "New Book of Tang Dynasty" and completed it. He became the Minister of the Ministry of Industry and became a scholar of Hanlin Academy. His posthumous title was Jingwen, and he had the same literary name as his elder brother Song Xiang, and was called the "Second Song Dynasty" at that time. The language of the poems is exquisite. Because "Spring in the Jade House" contains the sentence "Spring is stirring on the branches of red apricots", it is known as "The Book of Red Apricots" in the world.
He Meizi
Refers to the nickname of He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty. Because in the phrase "The Sapphire Case", "How many leisure and sorrows are there? A river of tobacco, the city is filled with wind and catkins, and the plums are yellow and rainy", three kinds of images are used to express the breadth, density and length of sorrow, turning abstract and invisible emotions into The specific image is called "He Meizi".
Zheng Partridge
Zheng Gu, a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. Zi Shouyu, Han nationality, from Yuanzhou District, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province. During the reign of Emperor Xizong, he was a Jinshi, an official named Duguan Langzhong, and was known as Zheng Duguan. It is also named after "Partridge Poems" and is known as "Zheng Partridge".
Cui Yuanyang
Cui Jue, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Mengzhi, was from Qinghe, Beizhou (now part of Hebei Province), and settled in Jingzhou (now Jiangling, Hubei Province). Xuanzong Dazhong Jinshi, Yizong Xiantongzhong served as an aide to Cui Xuan, the Huainan Jiedushi envoy. Xuan recommended him to the court and became Secretary Lang.
The magistrate of Liqi County had a favorable policy, and he served as the imperial censor until the end of his official career. Gong Shi is friendly to Li Shangyin. His poems are beautiful and graceful, and are quite similar to those of Shang Yin. He is famous for his poem "What is the story of a mandarin duck with a friend", and is known as "Cui Yuanyang".
Poet Emperor
Tang Dynasty poet Wang Changling, courtesy name Shaobo, Han nationality, was a native of Jinyang, Hedong (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and also said to be a native of Jingzhao Chang'an (now Xi'an) . A famous frontier fortress poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Wang Changling was poor in his early years and relied mainly on farming to maintain his livelihood. He became a Jinshi when he was about 30 years old. He first served as secretary and provincial school secretary, and then served as Bo Xue Hong Ci and Sishui Lieutenant. He was demoted to Lingnan due to some affairs. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang'an and was granted the title of Jiang Ningcheng. He was slandered and relegated to Long Biaowei. An Shi rebellion broke out and he was killed by the governor Lu Qiu Xiao.
Wang Changling had close contacts with Li Bai, Gao Shi, Wang Wei, Wang Zhihuan, Cen Shen and others. His poems are famous for his seven unique poems, especially the frontier fortress poems he wrote when he went to the northwest frontier fortress before he ascended the imperial throne. He is known as the "poet master Wang Jiangning" and is also known as the "sage hand of seven unique poems" by future generations. Wang Changling's poems are dense and clear, and he is as famous as Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan. He was called Wang Jiangning at that time. There are six volumes of collected works and four volumes of poems today.
His representative works include "Seven Poems on the March to the Army", "Out of the Fortress", "Granny", etc.
Shabby Master Meng
Meng Jiao, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Dongye, Huzhou A native of Wukang (now Deqing County, Zhejiang Province), his ancestral home is Pingchang (now Linyi County, Dezhou, Shandong Province). Meng Jiao's life was rough and miserable, and he was called "Shabby Master Meng".
The Long Claw Man
Li He, a poet from the Tang Dynasty, was known as the "Long Claw Man" because of his unusually long fingers. Li Shangyin's "Biography of Li Changji" "Changji is thin and thin, with thick eyebrows and long fingers."
Du Ziwei
Du Mu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once wrote "Lagerstroemia Flower", in which he chanted things and expressed emotions, and used flowers to praise himself. People called him "Du Ziwei".
Wen Bajia
Wen Tingyun, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, had a quick mind. Every time he took an exam, his eight-pointed hand would form an eight-point rhyme, and people called him "Wen Bajia".
The Five-Character Great Wall
Liu Changqing, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, was good at five-character poems. His five-character poems accounted for seventy-eight tenths of all poems. People called him the "Five-Character Great Wall".
Mi Dian
Mi Fu, a calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, had an aloof character and strange movements, so he was nicknamed "Mi Dian".
He Guitou
He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, was seven feet long, with an iron-colored face and lofty eyebrows. He was known as "He Guitou".
Plum River Dolphin
Mei Yaochen, a poet of the Song Dynasty, got his name from "Fan Raozhou sat in Zhongzhong and talked about eating puffer fish", and was known as "Plum River Dolphin".
Bao Guyan
Bao Dang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, got his name from the poem "Guyan".
Zhang Guyan
Zhang Yan, a poet in the Song Dynasty, became famous for his poem "Jie Lianlian? Guyan" and was known as "Zhang Guyan".
Xie Butterfly
Xie Yi, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, recited 300 poems about butterflies and was known as "Thanks Butterfly" at that time.
Yuan Baiyan
Yuan Kai, a poet in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, is famous for his poem "Bai Yan", and people call him "Yuan Baiyan".
Qi Fish and Shrimp
Qishanzhou in the Qing Dynasty was called "Qi Fish and Shrimp" by the poet Wang Yuyang because of the poem "A night of east wind blows and rain blows, and fish and shrimp grow in the new water of the river."