Zhuge Liang (181-23410-8), a native of Yang Du, Xuzhou (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), was an outstanding politician, strategist, essayist and calligrapher during the Three Kingdoms period. When he was alive, he was named Hou of Wuxiang. After his death, he pursued loyalty to the marquis of Wuxiang. Because of its military ability, the Eastern Jin regime was posthumously named King Wu Xing. Representative prose works include An Example and A Book of Commandments. He once invented the wooden ox, the flying horse, the Kongming lantern and so on, and transformed the crossbow, called Zhuge Lian crossbow, which can hit all targets with one crossbow.
military affairs
As a military strategist, Zhuge Liang has also been highly recognized by military strategists of past dynasties. After Zhuge Liang's death, Sima Yi met Zhuge Liang's camp and praised him as a "genius in the world". Emperor Taizong and Li Jing repeatedly mentioned Zhuge Liang's method of running the army and the eight-array map in The Question of Emperor Taizong and Li Weiguo, and gave them a high evaluation, and showed that Chen Shou's evaluation of Zhuge Liang in The History of the Three Kingdoms was that "historians know the soldiers, but not the facts". In the Tang Dynasty, Zhuge Liang was also selected as one of the ten philosophers of the Wu Temple, enjoying the same status as the nine great military strategists of past dynasties such as Sean, Han Xin and Bai Qi. Zhuge Liang also wrote many military works, such as "Southern Expedition", "Northern Expedition" and "Northern Expedition", which made certain contributions to the military circles in China. Zhuge Liang also showed dexterity in technological inventions, such as improving the crossbow. Zhuge Liang also interpreted the art of war and made an eight-array map, which is still highly respected by Li Jing, the general of the Tang Dynasty.