Anecdotes and allusions Spring Festival couplets
Spring Festival couplets are the product of the combination of China literature and China folk customs. It is generally believed that Spring Festival couplets began in the Five Dynasties. "Shu Konglang" contains: "The year before Shu returned to Song Dynasty, except for the Japanese, Bachelor Xin was asked to write a peach symbol on the bedroom door. As he said, he pretended to write a cloud: Qing Yu in the New Year, Changchun in the First Festival. " This may be the earliest recorded Spring Festival couplets.
In the Spring Festival of 964, Meng Changjun formed an alliance. In 965, Zhao Kuangyin and Song Taizu sent troops to reunify Shu, kidnapped Meng Chang and others, and appointed Lv Yuqing as the local governor of Chengdu (the capital of Houshu). In addition, in the first year of Stegosaurus (960), Song Taizu named his birthday on February 16th of the lunar calendar "Dragon Spring Festival", which was called "Holy Festival". When Meng Changjun surrendered to Song Dynasty, it was Song Taizu's birthday. Whether this situation is a coincidence with couplets or is known in advance cannot be verified today. However, this pair of Spring Festival couplets written by Meng Chang has left an important page in the history of the development of China couplets, but it is undeniable.
Official suggestion
When Meng Changjun was in power, the four seas were at peace, and the country and people were at peace. However, in view of the fact that Wang Yan, the former monarch, died of official corruption, he wrote this inspiring "official training" in the fourth year of Houshu (94 1) and awarded it to counties and counties, so that officials could "remember it vividly" and "be sure to hide it in their hearts" and promote the long-term stability of the country. Meng Chang's Official Proverbs in 19941year consists of 24 sentences and 96 words.
I read Naked Boy and eat night clothes. Ask the commander to raise an Sui. Politics is in three different ways, and Tao is in seven threads. Catching chickens is the principle, and keeping calves is the rule. Wide and fierce, customs can be moved. Don't cut it, don't scar it. People are easy to abuse, but heaven cannot deceive them. Fu Yu was cut, and the military state was the capital. My knighthood will not exceed the time limit. Pay your wages, and the people fatten the people. Being a parent is not kind. It is a warning, and I am deeply impressed.
Huang Tingjian, a poet and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a 16-character inscription at the behest of the imperial court, the text content of which was taken from Meng Changjun's Official Proverbs: "The salary is expensive, and the people's ointment is also. The people abuse the easy, but God bullies the difficult. " It means that the salary received by officials is the blood and sweat of ordinary people. Although the people are easy to bully, they are naturally hard to tolerate. This inscription was distributed to all counties, carved into a stone tablet, called "Jieshi", and stood in the lobby of the government office to warn officials to be honest and clean, self-denial and love for the people. This incident was passed down as a much-told story by later generations.
Good prescription
Meng Chang had a good prescription, but her mother was ill and often couldn't be cured, so she made her own prescription bait and got better. When the minister is ill, he is called for consultation, and the medical officer is obedient. Han Baosheng, a bachelor of Hanlin, was asked to proofread and edit the newly revised Materia Medica and illustrated classics, and with a little annotation, it became 20 volumes of Shu Materia Medica (that is, Chongguang Yinggong Materia Medica), and his lost articles were included in Zheng Materia Medica and so on.
Shensongzi
Meng Changjun is also known as Zhang Xian in Taoism. It is said that he is a handsome man, with a bow in his left hand and a bullet in his right hand, who can subdue Tengu to eat children on the earth. Because his bullets are homophonic with "birthday", which means "birth", Zhang Xian became the god in charge of the birth of human children.
Listen to trainable.
Meng Chang likes to play ball and ride horses, and is good at alchemy room. He selected many good women to enrich the harem. Han Baozhen, an emissary of the Tang Dynasty, earnestly persuaded Meng to try early, and sent the chosen good girl out on the same day, giving Wang Baozhen a few catties of gold. Someone wrote that officials in Taiwan Province Province should choose honest officials. Meng Chang sighed and said, "Why don't you mention specific people?" Meng Chang said, "I think when Emperor Taizong first ascended the throne, the jailer Sun accepted everything. Why did you persuade me to refuse to give advice? "
Born in Taiyuan.
Meng Chang, the third son of Meng Zhixiang, the great-grandfather of Houshu. Mother Li was originally the concubine of Li in the later Tang Dynasty, and was given to Meng Zhixiang by Li. On 9 19 1 1 month 14 (in the 16th year of the late Tang Dynasty, God bless was the name of the Tang Dynasty, which was later adopted by Li), Li gave birth to Meng Chang in Taiyuan (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi). When Meng Zhixiang was guarding Shu, Meng Chang and his mother Li took Meng Zhixiang's wife Princess Qionghua into Shu. When Meng Zhixiang was appointed our time in Sichuan, he took Meng Chang as the marching horse.
ascend the throne
In the first month of 934 (the first year of Qing Dynasty in the later Tang Dynasty), Meng Zhixiang proclaimed himself emperor and appointed Meng Chang as Dongchuan's ambassador to our province. In July of the same year, Meng Zhixiang was seriously ill. On July 26th, Meng Chang was appointed as the Crown Prince, acting as the agent of state affairs. That night, Meng Zhixiang died, the secret is not sad. Wang, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty, went back to the flat chapter of Zhao with Tong Zhongshu to cry. Zhao said seriously: "Now the town is heavily armed and waiting for the situation to change. It's no use crying. We must quickly establish a successor." Wang Chuhui and Zhao made up their minds to establish Meng Changjun, and then sent out obituary. Meng Chang acceded to the throne, without changing the Yuan Dynasty, and still called the title of Mingde. It was not until 938 AD that the title was changed to Zheng Guang.
Listen to trainable.
Meng Chang likes to play ball and ride horses, and is good at alchemy room. He selected many good women to enrich the harem. Han Baozhen, an emissary of the Tang Dynasty, earnestly persuaded Meng to try early, and sent the chosen good girl out on the same day, giving Wang Baozhen a few catties of gold. Someone wrote that officials in Taiwan Province Province should choose honest officials. Meng Chang sighed and said, "Why don't you mention specific people?" Meng Chang said, "I think when Emperor Taizong first ascended the throne, the jailer Sun accepted everything. Why did you persuade me to refuse to give advice? "
Kill the minister and bully the king.
Meng Chang didn't personally deal with politics when he was young, but the ministers were old friends of Meng Zhixiang. Meng Zhixiang is generous and indulgent. They treat Meng Changjun more arrogantly and lazily, disobeying the law and discipline system, building houses, robbing people of fertile land and digging graves. Li and Zhang Ye are particularly arrogant. A few months after Meng Changjun ascended the throne, he arrested Li and killed his family. At that time, Li Zhao came to the DPRK from the town, leaning on crutches, saying that he was sick and could not worship. When he heard the news of Li's death, he immediately put down his cane and fell to the ground.
Eradicate an old minister
In 946 (nine years), Zhao died and Zhang Ye became more authoritarian. Zhang Ye is Li's nephew. When Li was killed and Zhang was in charge of the imperial army, Meng Changjun became prime minister for fear of his rebellion. Zhang also served as a judge, set up prisons in China, and extorted money from the people of Houshu with cruel criminal law. The people hated him deeply. In 948 AD (11th year of Zheng Guang), Meng Chang and Kuang Sheng's commander An designed to arrest Zhang Ye and put him to death. Chu Wanghui and Zhao Tingyin stopped talking one after another, and all the old ministers disappeared from now on. Meng Chang began to lead the government, set up a letter in the court, and received letters from his subjects to understand the situation.
Fujiang Wang Feng
At that time, after the Liao Dynasty destroyed the Jin Dynasty, Liu Zhiyuan, the great emperor of the Han Dynasty, rose to Taiyuan, and the Central Plains was troubled. He Jian, a male military force, joined forces with Qin, Cheng and Jie, and Meng Changjun sent Sun Hanshao to capture Fengzhou, thus completely restoring the territory delayed by the former King of Shu. Zhao Siwan, the general of the later Han Dynasty, took up troops and Fengxiang in accordance with Yongxing and Jingchong Wang, all of whom voted for Meng Changjun. Meng sent Zhang out of the three customs, He Jian out of Longyou, and Li Tinggui out of the Meridian Valley, echoing. Meng Changjun remonstrated, thinking it was impossible. But Meng Changjun was determined to attack Xiaguan, so he sent a Si Qian to send more troops eastward. Soon, the later Han Dynasty was killed, and Zhang and others went on strike. A predecessor was ashamed of his futility and killed more foot soldiers to intimidate everyone. Meng Chang and Hanlin let Wang Zao design and kill Ann Si Qian. However, the border official had an urgent play, and Wang had not reported it in time and opened it without authorization. Meng Chang is angry. Wang Zao was there when Ansi was killed, so he was arrested and beheaded together.
In 949 (the 12th year of Zheng Guang), Meng Chang established three official posts and two ceremonial posts. In 950 (13th year of Zheng Guang), Meng Zengjia was honored as "the Emperor of Wen Rui Yingwu". Meng Xuanzhe, the eldest son, was named King of Qin and was sentenced to six military posts. The second son Meng Xuanxuan, king; Brother Meng Renyi is the king of Kui, Meng Renzhi is the king of Ya, Meng is the king of Peng and Meng is the king of Jia.
Last week's attack
In 955 (18th year of Zheng Guang), Zhou Shizong and Chai Rong sent troops from Qin Zhou to attack Houshu. Meng Changjun sent Han Jixun as an ambassador to Wu Xiong. When he heard that Zhou Jun was coming to attack, he sighed and said, "Where can Han Jixun stop Zhou Bing?" The ambassador of Penn asked for instructions and sent him to check. I went to Deyang and heard that I had arrived. I am anxious to return. Meng Chang asked him, Evonne zha frighten speechless. Meng Min was furious and killed him. He immediately sent Gao and Li Tinggui out of the hall to fight against Zhou Jun, and they were defeated and retreated, so the four countries of Qin, Cheng, Jie and Feng were occupied by Zhou Jun again. Meng Changjun was afraid, and sent messengers to the Southern Tang Dynasty to contact the Northern Han Dynasty.
In 957 (20 years), after sending the captured Shu army back, Meng Chang sent the captured Li to Beijing and wrote a letter to Hou. Zhou Shizong thought that Meng Chang had no courtier manners. He was very angry and didn't answer.
In 958 AD (the 21st year of Zheng Guang), the later Zhou Dynasty attacked Nantang and captured fourteen states in Huainan, and all countries were afraid. Jing Nan Gao Baorong took a book to see Meng Chang and asked him to go back to Zhou, but Meng Chang didn't go back to Zhou because he had written to Hou before and didn't get a reply. Meng Chang's youngest son, Meng Xuanbao, died at the age of seven. It is often said that it is not good for kings and officials to sacrifice after death. Meng Chang asked Li Hao what to do. Li Hao said, "Li Ping, the son of the past, died at the age of four. He was posthumously awarded as the governor of Yangzhou and was named King Su. This is an example of the past. " Meng Changjun later posthumously awarded Meng Xuanbao as governor of Qingzhou and made him king.
Surrender of national subjugation
In 962 (the 25th year of Zheng Guang), Meng Changjun made Meng Xuanzhe, the son of the King of Qin, the Crown Prince. Meng Chang was lucky to be born in the Jin and Han Dynasties. There were many things in the Central Plains, so he was able to take advantage of the crisis. Both the monarch and the minister enjoy luxury, and even the drowning device is decorated with seven treasures. With the rise of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jing and Tan were captured one after another. They were even more afraid that Sun Yu, a big official, was sent to the Northern Han Dynasty with wax pill books to meet with * * * to send troops to obstruct the reunification activities of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Sun Yu was caught by border officials in the Northern Song Dynasty. So, sent, cui out of phoenix, sent, Cao Bin out of phoenix. Eight imperial edicts were issued, and more than 500 houses were built for Meng Chang in the south of Youmen and near the Bianshui River, providing complete accounts and sundries for Meng Chang's surrender.
Meng Changjun sent Wang Zhaoyuan and Zhao to resist. The army had just set off from Chengdu when Meng Changjun sent Li Hao and others to give a banquet to see him off. Wang Zhaoyuan commanded the military with an iron bar in his hand, and compared himself with Zhuge Liang. He was drunk. He said to Li Hao, "Where did I resist the enemy just now? I can easily win the Central Plains with these 20,000 or 30,000 carvings! " Meng Chang also sent his son Meng Xuanzhe to lead tens of thousands of soldiers to guard the sword gate. Meng Xuanzhe took Ai Ji by car and set off with musical instruments and dozens of performers. Shu people secretly laughed when they saw it. Wang Quanbin met Wang Zhaoyuan in Sanquan and defeated him. Wang Zhaoyuan burned the Bai Ji pontoon bridge and retreated to Jianmen. The leader told Tao to listen to the prisoners of Shu army and said, "Come to Su Alley, and meet the way from Qingqiang Store in the south of Jianmen." Shi Yande was sent to March all the way to Su Hutong and Beijianmen to attack. Wang Zhaoyuan and Zhao failed and were captured. Meng Xuanzhe heard the news of Wang Zhaoyuan's defeat and fled back to Chengdu.
When attacking Kuizhou, Commander Gao was defeated and refused to defend. Judge Luo Ji advised him to quit. Gao said, "I couldn't defend Qinchuan before, but now I'm retreating. Although the monarch won't kill me, how can I face Shu people! " He also suggested that he surrender, but Gao Yanzhen refused, so he set himself on fire and died. The Shu soldiers fled and most of the generals were captured. Meng Changjun asked about this matter, and veteran Shi Qi thought that Song Jun was far away and would not last long, so he should gather troops and wait for Dong Bing to get tired. Meng Changjun sighed, saying, "For forty years, my first emperor and I used clothes to keep out the cold, and we used food to nurture our scholars. Once we face the enemy, we can't shoot an arrow to the east for me. Although we want to insist, who can keep it for me? " Li Hao was ordered to write a watch and surrender to the Northern Song Dynasty. After Shu died, it was in the first month of 965 AD (the third year of Gande). It took 66 days from Song Jun's attack on Shu to Meng Changjun's surrender. At the beginning, Li Hao was an academician of former Shu Emperor Wang Yan. When Wang Yan died, Li Hao wrote a drop list for him, and now he writes a drop list for Meng Chang. At night, Shu people wrote on his door, "The world will repair the Li family", which was circulated as a joke at that time.
After Meng Changjun surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty, tens of thousands of people in Chengdu risked their lives to see him off on the way from Chengdu to the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty (now Kaifeng, Henan). People cried and escorted him along the river. Hundreds of them cried bitterly, and Meng Chang also covered his face with his hand. People are sent from Chengdu to key counties for hundreds of kilometers. The scene is very touching.
Family members, parents
Father: Meng Zhixiang, the great ancestor of Houshu.
Mother: Li
Empress and empresses
Zhang Taihua
The daughter of the imperial concubine Xu (Mrs. Hua Rui).
Zhao Rong Li Yanniang
children
son
The eldest son, Crown Prince Meng Xuanzhe
The second son Xuanxuan praised Wang Meng.
Meng Xuanbao, the youngest son of Sui King
daughter
Meng Shi, marry Yi Chongdu, the son of Yi.
Meng Shi, marry Han Chongsui, the son of Han.
Meng Shi, married to Zhao, son of Zhao Chongtao.
Princess Meng of Fengyi married Li Hao's son.
Meng Shi, the princess of the country, can't marry Zhao Zhao's son without respect.
Meng Chang's poem "The ice muscle jade bone is clear without sweat, and the wind in the water temple is dark and fragrant and warm". The curtain opens the bright moon to peep at people alone, and the pillow is covered with clouds. When I got up, Qionghu was silent, and I saw scattered stars crossing the river. When will the west wind come? I'm afraid that time will change secretly. -On the Summer Maha Pool by Meng Chang in the Tang Dynasty.
Jade bone, ice muscle, no sweat, the water temple is dark and fragrant and warm. Open the curtain and look at people alone,
The pillow is messy. When I got up, Qionghu was silent, and I saw scattered stars crossing the river.
When will the west wind come? I'm afraid that time will change secretly. Jade bone, ice muscle, no sweat, water temple full of fragrance. At one o'clock in the month, embroidered curtains peep at people, and pillows are messy. When I got up, I was silent. I saw the stars crossing the river. When will the west wind come? I'm afraid that time will change secretly. -Magnolia by Meng Chang in the Tang Dynasty
Jade bone, ice muscle, no sweat, water temple full of fragrance. Embroidered curtains peep at people for a while,
Pillows and hairpins are all messed up.
When I got up, Qionghu was silent, and I saw scattered stars crossing the river. When the west wind comes,
I'm afraid we will change in secret.