Architecture of Gao Zecheng Memorial Hall

Gao Zecheng Memorial Hall officially opened to the public in June 1993 1 1, which has become a precious cultural landscape in Ryan. Walking into the memorial hall, the high picture hanging in the main hall was created by the painter Zheng Yi. A portrait with both form and spirit shows Gao Zecheng's noble quality of "being honest and clean, calm and self-sustaining" and graceful bearing of "wanting to hold the water of the Milky Way to wash away the shame of me and ordinary people". The couplets hanging on both sides of the portrait are high-arch couplets that have been sealed with iron wires. The first couplet is "Jinsong three scenes are looming", and the second couplet is "Old Chrysanthemum is indifferent under the east fence". Portraits and couplets set each other off and complement each other. Yu Puguang, a famous calligrapher in Liaoning, wrote ten characters for the completion of the memorial hall, adding icing on the cake to the memorial hall. The full name of Pipa is Pipa with colorful waves. There are about 40 editions published and reproduced in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is the highest edition of China opera. There are 42 episodes published in the whole drama, and the ending items are Nanpu Farewell, Eating Bran, Description on the Road, Qin v. Lotus Pond, Meet in the Gallery, Sweeping the Book of Matsushita, etc. As early as the Song Dynasty, before Pipa Ji was written, there was a folk legend about Cai Bojie. Lu You's poem "A boat swims near the village, and a boat goes home" says: "In the sunset, the ancient Liu Zhaojiazhuang, drums blind Weng Zuo Zheng, who is in charge behind it? Mancun heard about Cai Zhonglang. " The story of Cai Zhonglang sung in this song "Blind Man with Negative Drum" is probably the predecessor of Pipa. In Xu Wei's Song Yuannan Ci in the Ming Dynasty, there is a title "Zhao Zhen's Daughter Cai Erlang". Note: "That is, my uncle abandoned my mother-in-law for Lei Zhen's death, and vulgarity is also the first of the operas." Gao Zecheng edited and processed Cai Bojie's story sung by the Southern Opera "Blind Man with Negative Drum" and adapted it into Pipa Story. Because Cai Bo in the play is really a historical figure, later generations have various speculations about it: or Cai Sheng, a friend of Niu Fan, the son of Niu Sangru in the Tang Dynasty; Or you think there are four "kings" on the word "pipa", and you think it is Gao Zecheng's good friend Wang Si; Or thought it was Cai Jing's second son, Cai Bian; Or thought it was Murong Baizhen of the Five Dynasties; Or thought it was Deng Chang and so on. And the lawsuit has not been suspended for hundreds of years. Actually, Cai in the play is only an artistic image, which has nothing to do with Cai Yong, a corps commander in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Perhaps Pipa is too famous, and Gao Zecheng's life experience is uncertain. Where did he write this play? There have been different sayings throughout the ages. The Records of Rui 'an County in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty and the Records of Ningbo Prefecture in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty are said to be located in Shen Shi Building of Lishe Society in Yin County. Liu Tingqian, a Qing Dynasty official, said that Gao Zecheng wrote this play to hang Chen Ge in Jison in the western suburbs of Lishui. "Zhejiang Tongzhi" contains the "Three Cups Pavilion" in Dongyang, saying that Gao Zecheng studied under Yiwu Gold when he was in Lishui, but Gold didn't know that he could write songs and lyrics. After Gao Zecheng left, Huang Gou occasionally boarded the building where he lived, and saw that the wall was covered with pipa manuscripts, deeply sighing that "his words were profound and exquisite, and he chased this pavilion and poured three glasses of wine." Zhou Lianggong's book Shadow of the Qing Dynasty is said to be in Zhaoqing Temple in Hangzhou, and several cases were taken by Gao Zecheng when he wrote the play. "When he picked it up, the trace was deep." It is also said that it was written by Jia, a native of Xiaoshan, which is recorded in Kangxi's Xiaoshan County Records. It can be seen that the originality of pipa has also become a multi-head case. Pipa Story is a China classical opera with the largest version, the widest spread and the greatest influence among the traditional opera publications.

One of the works is still a regular performance of local operas. The appearance of Pipa Story marks the end of the initial era of China opera and the maturity of the drama stage from content to form. It not only established the legendary system on which the four major dramas in South China (Haiyan, Yu Yaoqiang, Yiyang and Kunshan) depended, but also provided coordinates for the directional development of China's drama, a unique form of expression (song and dance story). Pipa Story is a model of classical drama. It is praised as the "father of Nanyin" by later generations for its exquisite conception, meticulous layout, rich words with rich sounds and feelings, and drama structure with parallel development of two lines. In memory of this outstanding medieval playwright, farmers in Gexiang Town, Rui 'an City, Gao Zecheng's hometown, donated generously and raised funds in various ways. Chen Bingjin, an old farmer in Baishu Village, even sold his horse and built a memorial hall for Gao Zecheng. 199 1 year, the memorial hall was finally completed in the former site of the Chen ancestral hall (for the Chen family's son-in-law), which became a humanistic landscape that people were eager for. Adding to the icing on the cake is the newly established Yongjia Kunqu Opera Troupe, which specializes in rehearsing pipa, based on the pipa played by Yongjia Kunqu Opera in history, and its simple and innocent acting makes people cry.