Gansu is located in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River. It is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the only place where the ancient Silk Road passes. A long history and unique geographical environment have left Gansu with a large number of precious cultural relics. Gansu Provincial Museum was founded in 1956, formerly known as Gansu Provincial Science Education Museum, and was established in 1939. The main body of the exhibition building of the museum is a building imitating European classical style, with tall and straight shape and magnificent momentum. After the new building is completed, the exhibition hall covers an area of 28,000 square meters. There are nearly100000 pieces of historical relics, modern cultural relics, paleontological fossils and specimens in the museum, including more than 3000 first-class and second-class precious cultural relics, which bring together a large number of cultural relics from ancient times to the Silk Road in Gansu. Over the years, the museum has hosted and participated in more than 200 exhibitions at home and abroad, with an annual audience of 30,000. It has become an important window for Gansu to carry forward Chinese culture and display ancient civilization.
Gansu Provincial Museum has a large collection of cultural relics. Gansu painted pottery, Han bamboo slips, Buddhist art treasures, bronzes, porcelain, wood carvings, silk books and paintings are all rare treasures.
The collection of painted pottery, with a wide variety, exquisite patterns and gorgeous patterns, is the crown of painted pottery art in the Neolithic Age. It took 5,000 years for painted pottery with red and broad stripes in Dadiwan before 7800, to the Yangshao culture with fish and aquarium patterns throughout, to the Majiayao culture at the peak of painted pottery art, and to the Shajing culture in the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,500 years ago, making painted pottery in Gansu one of the regions with the earliest origin, the longest history and the largest variety, and occupying a decisive position in the ancient painted pottery culture in the world.
The bronzes in the collection first appeared in Majiayao culture, and a large number of them were unearthed in Shang and Han dynasties. During the period of 1969, the tombs of General Zhang and his wife in the Eastern Han Dynasty in Leitai were excavated and cleaned, and more than 230 precious cultural relics were preserved, most of which were bronze vessels. There are more than 100 pieces of cultural relics in bronze chariots and horses, including 45 bronze figurines, 39 bronze horses (including bronze galloping horses), a bronze cow and 14 bronze chariots. It is the most complete bronze chariots and horses ceremonial team found in Han tombs so far. The rare art treasure "Copper Horse Racing", with the shape of a bird flying on three legs and looking back with its right hind foot, conforms to the mechanical principle and becomes a world-famous national treasure. 1983, Tongbenma was designated as the tourist symbol of China by National Tourism Administration.
There are more than 20,000 bamboo slips collected in the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), among which Wuwei Ritual Slips, Wuyi Slips, Juyan Slips and Dunhuang Slips are important documents for studying the politics, economy, culture, science and the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty.
Among the Han and Jin works of art in the collection, the woodcarving in the Han Dynasty and the murals in the tombs of the Sixteen Countries are eye-catching. Simple, concise, precise and ingenious woodcarving reproduces the traffic of horses and chariots and manor life in Hexi area of Han Dynasty. Silk and linen fabrics in the Han and Jin Dynasties, especially yarn, silk, silk and brocade in the Han Dynasty, were various and beautifully made, reflecting that the dyeing and weaving technology at that time reached a high level.
Gansu is one of the earliest areas where Buddhism was introduced. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Tianshui Maijishan and Yongjing Bingling Temple are precious artistic treasures. From the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Buddhist murals, painted sculptures, stone statues, pagodas, Sino-Tibetan scriptures and other artistic treasures are all famous for their exquisite craftsmanship.
There are still a certain number of ceramics in the collection. Glazed pottery is dominated by three colors of Tang Dynasty, with huge shape and heroic momentum, showing the artistic style of grandeur and magnolia. Song and Yuan porcelains were the main export commodities along the Silk Road, including celadon, celadon and blue-and-white porcelain found in Gansu. With the smooth flow of the Silk Road, tireless business travelers frequently come and go, which not only spread China's silk, porcelain, papermaking and alchemy to the west, but also brought western music, dance and astronomy to China. Many exquisite exotic cultural relics, such as East Roman silver plates, Persian silver coins and Huteng dancing figurines, were also unearthed in Gansu.
Gansu Provincial Museum is a local comprehensive museum in China. Located in Qilihe River, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province. Built in 1956. Gansu Science Education Museum, formerly established as 1939, 1943 was renamed National Gansu Science Education Museum, and 1950 was renamed Northwest People's Science Museum. 1956 changed to Gansu Provincial Museum. 1958 the new building was completed and opened. Building area1.8000 m2.
The collection includes more than 75,000 natural specimens, historical relics, revolutionary cultural relics and national cultural relics, and more than one first-class collection 1 10, such as painted pottery in Gansu, world-famous bronze galloping horses, chariots and horses figurines unearthed from Leitai Han Tomb in Wuwei, the medical prescription of Han Dynasty, and the report of parents' reform in the second year of Chunhua in Northern Song Dynasty (99 1). Natural specimens were collected from China endemic animals, such as giant panda, golden monkey and red-crowned crane. Historical relics account for two-thirds of the collection. The most distinctive features are all kinds of painted pottery in the Neolithic Age, wood carvings on wooden slips in the Han Dynasty, Buddhist statues from the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Tang Dynasty, and scriptures. Revolutionary cultural relics include slogans left by the Red Army's Long March. The exhibition area of the museum is more than 7,500 square meters, and there are five large-scale fixed exhibitions.
The exhibition "Gansu Historical Relics" shows more than 500 historical relics unearthed in Gansu, which systematically reflects the general situation of Gansu's historical development, focusing on the painted pottery of various cultures in the Neolithic age in Gansu, the Han and Tang cultural relics unearthed in Hexi Corridor, the throat of the Silk Road, the Buddhist art from the Sixteen Countries to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the writing of classics related to cultural exchanges between China and the West.
The exhibition "The Land of Natural Abundance in Gansu" shows 1380 objects and models, and comprehensively introduces the administrative divisions, population, nationalities, transportation, climate, hydrology, soil, animals and plants, and mineral resources in Gansu.
The exhibition "Jiayuguan Wei and Jin mural tomb" shows more than 60 brick paintings preserved in the tomb.
The exhibition "Ancient Elephants of the Yellow River" shows the yellow river saber-toothed elephant fossils discovered in Heshui County in the spring of 1973. It is 8 meters long and 4 meters high. It is the largest and best-preserved remains of the Saber-toothed elephant found in the world.
The revolutionary cultural relics exhibition "The Red Army's Long March Across Gansu" takes the Long March as the axis, and introduces major political events and revolutionary struggles in Gansu through photos, documents and objects.
The museum has independently or jointly edited and published more than 10 kinds of important books and periodicals, such as Han Bamboo Slips in Wuwei, Painted Pottery in Gansu, Medical Bamboo Slips in Han Dynasty in Wuwei, Collection of Studies on Han Bamboo Slips, Bingling Temple Grottoes, Revolutionary Cultural Relics of Gansu, Selected Posts of Chunhua Pavilion and Selected Calligraphy of Han Bamboo Slips.