Su Shi’s "Drunk Letter at Wanghu Tower on June 27th" contains five poems in total. The meaning of the whole poem is:
(1)
The dark clouds surged up, like ink splashing down, but a section of mountains appeared on the horizon, bright and fresh, and the water splashed by the heavy rain splashed into the boat like white beads and gravel.
Suddenly a strong wind swept over the ground, blowing away the dark clouds in the sky, and the water of the West Lake was as blue as a mirror, bright and gentle.
(2)
The released fish and turtles chased people, and lotus flowers planted by unknown people were blooming everywhere.
Lying on the pillow mat in the boat, you can feel the mountains swaying up and down, and the boat floating in the wind can also feel the moon lingering.
(3)
There is no need to worry about the money for the black water chestnut and white gorgon growing in the lake, and the carved hummus in the water is like being wrapped in a green plate.
Suddenly I recalled eating new grains at Huiling Temple. If you want to stay on the river and sea, you need to eat more and take care of yourself.
(4)
The lotus pickers on the orchid boat picked the lotus flowers on the lake and gave them to the tourists. In the drizzle and slanting wind, the green leaves on their heads were wet. .
How can these lotus-picking girls know each other when the grassy islets are covered with vanilla?
(5)
If you can't live in seclusion in the mountains and forests, you can be an idle official for the time being. In this way, you can still get long-term leisure rather than temporary leisure.
I don’t have a home, so where can I go if I don’t live here? What’s more, even in my hometown, there are no beautiful lakes and mountains like here.
Then let’s take a look at the original text
Five poems from "Drunk Letters at Wanghu Tower on June 27th"
Su Shi (Song Dynasty)
Black clouds rolled over the mountains without covering the mountains, and white raindrops jumped into the boat.
When the wind comes and blows away, the water under Wanghu Tower is like the sky.
The fish and turtles are released to chase people away, and the ownerless lotus flowers bloom everywhere.
The water pillow can make the mountains tilt up, and the sailboats can be lifted and the moon can be lifted back.
Wuling and white gorgon don’t care about money, but they tie green wild rice and wrap it in a green plate.
Suddenly I recalled that I had a taste of Xinhui Lingguan, and I had to eat extra when I was stranded in Jianghai.
Giving flowers to traveling girls, magnolia flowers bloom, the drizzle is slanting, the wind and dampness are green and green.
Du Ruo was born in Infinite Fangzhou, but Wu'er didn't know Chu's moves.
Long-term leisure is better than short-term leisure if you chat and hide in seclusion before you become a small hermit.
I have no home to live in, and my hometown does not have such beautiful lakes and mountains.
Notes
June 27th: refers to June 27th in the fifth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1072). Wanghu Tower: The name of an ancient building, also called Kanjing Tower. Located on the bank of West Lake in Hangzhou, it was built by Qian Hongchu (also known as Qian Hong), king of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties. Drunk books: works written while drunk.
Turn over the ink: Spilled black ink, describing the clouds as very dark. Cover: cover, block.
White rain: refers to the special landscape of summer showers. Because the raindrops are large and fierce, they appear white and transparent against the backdrop of the lakes and mountains. Jumping beads: jumping water droplets (pearls). "Diaozhu" is used to describe raindrops, which means that the raindrops are large and disorderly.
The wind blows from the ground: refers to the strong wind blowing across the ground. Another example is Han Tui's poem "Two Birds": "The spring breeze blows from the ground, and all the birds are floating." Sudden: suddenly.
Water is like the sky: Describing the lake as open and calm as the sky.
Releasing fish and turtles: During the Northern Song Dynasty, officials in Hangzhou once designated West Lake as a place for releasing fish and turtles, and no one was allowed to fish, in order to extend the life of the emperor and add blessings.
"Water pillow" sentence: Lying in the boat and looking at the mountains, I don't feel the waves rising and falling, I can only see the mountains rising and falling. Water pillow is equivalent to "a pillow mat carried on the water surface".
Sailboat: refers to "a ship floating in the wind". Pei Hui: Just wandering.
Wuling: refers to Laoling. When water chestnut grows old, its shell turns black, hence its name. Gorgon (qiàn): large aquatic plant.
Green wild rice (gū): commonly known as wild rice. Born along rivers and swamps. Can be used as vegetables. In fact, it is like rice, which is called Diaohumi and can be used for cooking.
Tasting the new: In ancient times, in Mengqiu, newly harvested grains were sacrificed to ancestors, and then the new grains were tasted.
Wandering Girl: A woman who travels. Mulan beam: often used as a good name for a boat, but it does not actually mean that it is made of magnolia wood. radial (ráo): a rowing oar, here refers to a small boat.
Cuiqiao: a kind of ancient women's jewelry, shaped like the long feathers on the tail of a kingfisher, hence the name.
Fangzhou: a small island covered with fragrant grass. Du Ruo: the name of vanilla. Perennial herb, one or two feet tall. The leaves are broad and lanceolate, with a spicy taste.
Wu'er: refers to the people of Wu, here also refers to the lotus picking girl. Wudi refers to the general name for the area on the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China.
Xiaoyin: It means living in seclusion in the mountains and forests.
Creative background
In the fifth year of Xining (1072) in the Northern Song Dynasty, the author served as a judge in Hangzhou. On June 27 of this year, he visited the West Lake and saw the wonderful scenery of the lake and mountains on the boat. He then went to drink at the Lake View Tower and wrote five quatrains.
The poet Su Shi was first in the boat and then at the top of the building, quickly capturing the dramatic changes in the natural scenery on the lake: clouds rolling, rain pouring, wind blowing, and the sky clearing. He wrote about the distance, nearness, and movement. There is silence, there is sound and color, there is scenery and emotion. As you read it, you will have an immersive feeling - as if you have experienced a sudden shower in the middle of the lake, and then come to the top of Wanghu Tower to enjoy the beautiful scenery of water and sky.
About the author
Su Shi, (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), courtesy name Zizhan and Hezhong, also known as Tieguan Taoist and Dongpo layman, lived in the world Known as Su Dongpo or Su Xian, he is a Han nationality from Meishan, Meizhou (Meishan City, Sichuan Province). His ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei Province. He is a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, and a famous figure in water control in history. Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty and made great achievements in poetry, lyrics, prose, calligraphy, and painting. His writing is bold and unbridled; his poems are broad in subject matter, fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggerated metaphors, and unique in style. Together with Huang Tingjian, he is called "Su Huang"; His prose writings are grand and bold. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is called "Ou Su" and is one of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi was good at calligraphy and one of the "Four Masters of the Song Dynasty"; he was good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange rocks, dead wood, etc. Together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu, they are known as the "Four Great Masters of Eternal Writing". His works include "Dongpo Seven Collections", "Dongpo Yi Zhuan", "Dongpo Yuefu", "Xiaoxiang Bamboo and Stone Picture Scroll", "Old Trees and Strange Stones Picture Scroll", etc.
Appreciation
The first sentence of the first poem reads: Black clouds are like spilled black ink, which has not yet had time to cover the mountains. The dark clouds are compared to "turning ink", which is a realistic image. The second sentence writes about rain: The bright white raindrops fell on the lake, splashing countless water splashes, and jumped into the cabin one after another. Use "jumping beads" to describe raindrops, which is vivid and colorful. The word "wei" highlights the rapid changes in the weather; the word "jump" and the word "chaos" express the severity of the rainstorm and the urgency of the raindrops. The third sentence writes about wind: Suddenly, a strong wind swept across the earth, causing the rain and clouds to fly on the lake. The word "suddenly" is used very lightly, but it highlights the rapid change of the sky and shows the huge power of the wind. The last sentence is about sky and water: After the rain, the sky is clear, the wind and waves are calm, the poet leaves his boat and climbs to the building, leaning on the railing and looking, he sees the sky on the lake and the water, the water reflects the sky, the color of the water is as bright and clear as the sky, and the same color is blue. Where is the wind? Where is the cloud? I don’t know where everything has gone. It’s as if everything just now never happened.
The poet Su Shi was first in the boat and then at the top of the building, quickly capturing the dramatic changes in the natural scenery on the lake: clouds rolling, rain pouring, wind blowing, and the sky clearing. He wrote about the distance, nearness, and movement. There is tranquility, sound and color, scenery and emotion, which makes people feel immersed in the scene when reading - as if they have also experienced a sudden shower in the middle of the lake, and then came to the top of Wanghu Tower to watch the beautiful scenery. Beautiful scenery of water and sky. The poem uses "turning ink" to describe the coming of clouds, and uses "jumping beads" to describe the characteristics of rain, indicating that it is a shower rather than a long rain. "Uncovered mountains" is a scene that only occurs when it rains; "Sweeping wind" explains the reason why the rain passes quickly. They are both described truthfully, but they are inserted in the first and third sentences, echoing each other and setting off well. Finally, "water is like the sky" is used to write the end of a shower, with endless leisurely emotions. In the sentence, "white rain" and "black clouds" are used to contrast, "water is like the sky" and "turbulent wind" are used to contrast, and "random into the boat" is compared with "uncovered mountain", all of which show the author's intention in conceiving.
This poem describes the beautiful rain scene of Wanghu Tower. A good poet is good at capturing his own inspiration. The inspiration of this poem can be said to appear in the word "drunk". Drunken with wine, and even more so with the beauty of the landscape, and then filled with passion, he created a masterpiece of the scene. The poet with quick thinking captured the unique "improvisational performance" of West Lake in his poems and drew a "shower picture of West Lake". Dark clouds gathered suddenly, and heavy rain fell suddenly. It rained again in an instant, and the sky became clear, and the water and sky were the same color. It is a mountain, a water, and a boat, which highlights the characteristics of rafting on the West Lake. Secondly, the author uses "black clouds turning ink" and "white rain jumping beads" to form a strong color contrast, giving people a strong texture.
Thirdly, "turning ink" is used to describe the coming of clouds, "jumping beads" are used to describe the mood of splashing raindrops, and the sentence pattern of moving the verb forward makes the metaphor flexible and vivid without leaving any trace. And the two sentences "The wind blows from the ground and then blows away, and the water below the lake tower is like the sky" depicts the rapid change of the weather from showers to sunny days, which is refreshing and refreshing. The eyes suddenly light up and the realm is widened.
The second poem is about cruising on the lake by boat. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the West Lake in Hangzhou was designated by the government as a release pond. Wang Zhu quoted Zhang Shi as saying: "In the fourth year of Tianxi (referring to 1020), the crown prince Taibao sentenced Wang Qinruo of Hangzhou to write: Use the West Lake as a release pond, 'forbid fishing and birds, and pray for the master.'" This is equivalent to modern times. It is a no-take and game-protected area; the only difference is that in the past, some people sold fish and released them, and they also had to create a "blessing" excuse. Since West Lake is a no-fishing area, it is also a no-planting area, and private individuals are not allowed to occupy the lake land for planting. This fact is stated at the beginning of the poem. Those fish and turtles that have been released and allowed to grow freely are not only not threatened by people, but are given to them by people. People who swim in the lake often put food into the water to attract the little guys to gather around and eat. Even if you don't pay attention to them, they will chase people based on their conditioned reflexes. As for the lotus flowers all over the lake, no one planted them. They grew by themselves by natural forces. There was a cluster in the east and a cluster in the west. They bloomed and fell on their own, which instead showed a wild charm.
However, the interest of this poem lies in the last two sentences. "Water pillows can make mountains pitch down" - mountains cannot be pitched down in nature. Du Fu has a sentence that says, "The wind and rain do not move as calm as the mountains." "Chi"), Su Shi insisted on saying "mountains are pitched down". The poet believes that mountains can be tilted down because of the "water pillow". The so-called "water pillow" is a pillow mat placed on the water. On a boat, to be precise. As the boat rocked, the people lying on the boat could see the mountains rising and falling. This is not surprising; many people have had this experience. The problem is that the poet gave his "supernatural power" to the "water pillow", as if this "water pillow" has great magical power, enough to turn the entire mountain upside down. This kind of idea shows a kind of wonderful interest.
"Sailboat Explanation and Yue Pei Hui" - also writes about the fun of traveling on a boat. The wind blew on the lake, and the boat drifted in the wind. This is also common and not surprising. People sit in the yard and look up at the moon. The moon moves slowly in the clouds, as if it is wandering in the sky. Therefore, Li Bai said: "My song is wandering in the moon, and my dancing shadows are chaotic." ("Drinking Alone under the Moon") This is not new. The difference is that Su Shi gently combined the wandering of the boat and the wandering of the moon, and brought them together, which gave birth to new ideas. The ship was wandering, and so was the moon, but the poet didn't know whether it was the moon that caused the ship to wander, or whether it was the ship that made the moon wander happily. The poet thought, if it is the power of the wind that makes the boat wander on the water, then what force makes the moon wander in the sky? Also, are these two wanderings the same or different? He connected the two "wanderings" of "ship" and "moon", which resulted in many questions, including some philosophies. He had to calm down and think about it carefully. Therefore, the poems are written with great interest.
The "wandering girl" in the first sentence of the fourth poem should be the lotus picking girl. Because judging from this group of five poems, Su Shi should always be on the Wanghu Tower, so the one on the Mulan Radius should be "Wandering Girl". It was impossible for others to jump into the water and give them flowers. But since they were near the water and the terrace, they could pick lotus flowers and offer them to others. So the first sentence is about "traveling girls" presenting flowers to tourists. The "wandering girl" picking flowers in the water should be the lotus picking girl. It was raining, and the lotus-picking girl was in the lake, so her jewelry got wet. "Du Ruo is born in the infinite fragrant continent", Qu Yuan wrote in "Mrs. Xiang", "Du Ruo is born in Tingzhou", and Du Ruo refers to various herbs. And "vanilla beauty" is the most important image in Chu Ci. It can be seen that Chu Ci Zhao here refers to "vanilla". "Wu'er doesn't know the tricks of Chu Ci" is a lament that the lotus picker girl doesn't know the various herbs in "Chu Ci". Du Fu's poem "Returning to a Dream" contains the sentence "If you don't return home in a dream, you don't need Chu Cizhao". "Don't use Chu Cizhao" fits the meaning of "it's hard to return home", which is exactly the same as the meaning of "Chu Cizhao" here. different.