Poetics during the Wei and Jin Dynasties got rid of the shackles of Confucian classics, and the direction of the entire literary trend was to break away from the need for political enlightenment emphasized by Confucianism and find the meaning of the independent existence of literature itself. At this time, some brand-new concepts and theories were put forward, such as character, charm, image, as well as the relationship between words and meaning, form and spirit, etc., and an aesthetic thought that emphasized image, character, and charm was formed.
Poetry seeks subtext, music seeks subtext, and painting seeks extravagant interest. This conscious aesthetic pursuit of communication between various literary and artistic forms marks the arrival of a new literary era. ?Literary creation in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was developed under the influence of this new literary and artistic trend. At the same time, it also provided the practical basis for this literary and artistic trend.
A notable feature of literary creation during this period is that the requirement to serve political enlightenment weakened, and literature became a personal behavior, expressing personal life experiences and emotions. Fu evolved from the great Fu of the Han Dynasty.
Some of these political lyric poems express the resentment and injustice in political life and do not have the purpose of political enlightenment. As for the palace-style poems of Liang and Chen, although they were written by court literati, they were only used for court entertainment. The direction of poets' efforts lies in the formal beauty of poetry, that is, the language skills such as rhythm, antithesis, and use of vocabulary, as well as the perfection of meter.
It was under this trend that China's ancient poetry was perfected, new-style poetry was formed, and various preparations were made for the emergence of modern-style poetry. Tang poetry reached its peak on this basis.
Extended information:
The literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is a typical literature of troubled times. Writers have to adapt to both war and dynasty changes. It is common for one person to belong to two or even three dynasties.
Sensitive writers are most likely to feel the shortness of life, the fragility of life, the uncertainty of fate, the uncertainty of fortune and personal powerlessness during war, thus forming the tragic tone of literature and as a The compensation for the tragic tone is unrestrained, the latter often manifests as carpe diem or indulgence in sensuality.
This tragic tone takes on a political color due to the political situation of the literati. Many literati were inexplicably involved in political struggles and were killed, such as Kong Rong, Yang Xiu, and Mi Heng.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Literature of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties