Yueyang Tower stands at the head of Ximen City, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, next to Dongting Lake.
Since ancient times, it has been known as "Dongting is the world's water and Yueyang is the world's building", and it is also known as the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River with Wang Tengting in Nanchang, Jiangxi and Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Hubei.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan's well-known "Yueyang Tower" made Yueyang Tower famous all over the world.
The present Yueyang Tower was rebuilt in 1984, imitating the shape when it was built in the sixth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1880).
1988 1 was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council, and was listed as a national key scenic spot protection area in August of the same year.
In 2006 1 month 5438+0 was approved as the first batch of national AAAA-level tourist attractions.
Yueyang Tower-Junshan Island 2065438+01September 6th was officially awarded the 5A scenic spot.
Second, the history of Yueyang Tower:
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Lu Su, a general of Sun Quan, was ordered to guard Baqiu, drill the water army, and build the ancient city of Baqiu in the dangerous area connected with the Yangtze River in Dongting Lake.
In the 20th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 15), Lu Su built a military reading building on Baling Mountain to train and command the navy.
Standing on the shore, you can see all the sails and waves in Dongting Lake on Yuejun Tower. The momentum is extraordinary. This Yuejun Building is the predecessor of Yueyang Building.
Yuejun Tower was called Baling Tower in the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and Yueyang Tower was not called Yueyang Tower until the Tang Dynasty.
In the fourth year of Song Dynasty (A.D. 1044), Teng was banished to Yuezhou, which coincided with the collapse of Yueyang Tower. In the fifth year of Qing Li, Teng rebuilt Yueyang Tower with the support of the people.
Yueyang Tower rebuilt by Teng was destroyed in the 11th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1April 639) and rebuilt the following year.
Many repairs were carried out in the Qing Dynasty.
In the sixth year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1880), Zhang Derong, the magistrate, carried out a large-scale renovation of Yueyang Tower, and moved the building site more than 60 feet.
In the history of 1700 years, Yueyang Tower has been repeatedly repaired and destroyed, and repeatedly repaired and built.
After many vicissitudes, it has been destroyed and built repeatedly, and it has been repaired more than 30 times in history. After each renovation, "there is an ice pavilion on the eaves, which is praised by some people, and the literati climb high and wander"; ; At the time of destruction, "the waves were overwhelming, and the poet bowed his head and took a deep breath" (Zhang Derong rebuilt Yueyang Tower in Qing Dynasty).
By the end of the Republic of China, the building was dilapidated.
After the founding of New China, the Party and * * * cherished Yueyang Tower very much, and the people * * * allocated funds for the maintenance of Yueyang Tower for many times. They also built Huaifu Pavilion and stele gallery, and rebuilt Sanzui Pavilion and Xianmei Pavilion.
Third, the literature and characteristics:
In the fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 76), Zhang, a great writer, was relegated to Yueyang as an official and often moved guests to the building with literati to compose poems. Later, great poets such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and Li Qunyu came one after another and wrote hundreds of famous sentences with new meanings, which cast a strong cultural meaning on Yueyang Tower.
Yueyang Tower is not only beautifully built, but also an art world integrating couplets, poems and folk stories.
12 The wood carving screen composed of ebony boards is engraved with the full text of Yueyang Tower. All kinds of couplets are hung on the four walls, with more than 100 words long and only 8 words short.
Among the cultural relics preserved in Yueyang Tower, the poet Li Bai's couplet "Water and sky are one color, the moon is boundless" is the most famous, followed by the carved screen of Yueyang Tower inscribed by calligrapher Zhang Zhao.
The carved screen is made of 12 huge rosewood. Articles, calligraphy, seal cutting and woodcut are all treasures, and they are also called "four musts".
In addition, people still remember that Fan Zhongyan and Teng rebuilt Yueyang Tower, and the great calligrapher wrote down the story and seal cutting of Yueyang Tower, which was called "Four Wonders of the World" and set up the "Four Wonders Monument", which has been well preserved so far.
There is a diol pavilion nearby. It is said that Lv Dongbin of the Eight Immortals was drunk here three times. Xianmeiting, named after digging out the slate with withered plum lines, has been passed down from generation to generation.
On the beach under Yueyang Tower, there are three iron articles in the shape of shackles, weighing 1500 Jin, which also attracts many tourists to watch.
What is its purpose? There are different opinions so far.
On the third floor, there is a calligraphy poem "Climbing Yueyang Tower" by the great Du Fu.
Each building is hung with the original woodcut plaque pairs, plus couplets chanting Yueyang Tower by ancient and modern famous artists.
There is a couplet on the first floor, which is 102 long. The first part is "What is the first floor? Du Shaoling's five-character swan song, Fan's two words are related to love, and Teng's Everything is Prosperous, Lv Chunyang will be drunk after three times. Poetry? Ruye? Official? Ye Xian? Where were those lost times before me? , made me cry! " The next link is "Try it, everyone: Xiaoxiang in Dongting Lake, Wuxia in the north of the Yangtze River, refreshing in Baling Mountain, and cliff in the east of Yuezhou City. There is truth in this, who can understand it? " On the third floor, there is a short couplet with eight words: "Water and sky are one color, and the wind and moon are boundless." The signature is "Chang Bai".
Teng Amethyst is a famous and far-sighted minister. He believes that "Lou Guan can't be a reporter for a long time unless he has words, and his words can't be written unless he is a great talent." When he rebuilt Yueyang Tower, his client painted a painting of Dongting in late autumn, and wrote a memorial letter to Fan Zhongyan, a great writer, politician and strategist at that time, asking him to take notes for the building.
At that time, Fan Zhongyan was being exiled to Dengzhou, Henan. After reading his letter, he happily wrote down the famous Yueyang Tower.