There is no surname "Jian" in "Hundred Family Surnames".
If the surname is "Guan", it ranks 166th in the "Hundred Family Surnames" of the Song Dynasty in my country. It is the 140th surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 100% of the country's surnames. Han Chinese make up 0.09% of the population.
▲The origin of the surname
The surname Guan (Guǎn) has three origins:
1. It comes from the surname Ji. After King Wen of Zhou, he took the name of the country. . According to "Tongzhi·Clan Brief", "Origins of Chinese Surnames" and "Guangyun", King Wu of Zhou established the Zhou Dynasty after destroying the Shang Dynasty, and granted his third brother Shu Xian the title of Uncle Guan in history (now Zhengzhou, Henan Province). City), established Guan Guo, and let him and Cai Shudu manage the survivors of the Shang Dynasty. After the death of King Wu, the young King Cheng came to the throne. Because King Cheng was too young, Zhou Gongdan took charge of the government. Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai believed that Zhou Gongdan's rule was not conducive to the Zhou Dynasty, so they joined forces with Wu Geng to launch a rebellion, which was quickly quelled by Zhou Gongdan. Guan Shu was then killed. After Guan Shu's death, his descendants used his former fiefdom name "Guan" as their surname, calling them Guan.
2. Derived from the surname Ji, after King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, he took Yi as his surname. According to "Tongzhi Clan Briefing" and "Customs", during the reign of King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, his concubine was enfeoffed in Guanyi. It was not until Guan Zhong that he became prominent in Qi, and his descendants took Yi as their surname. After King Mu of Zhou, Guan Zhong was a famous politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. He later became prime minister of Qi and helped Duke Huan of Qi govern the country. The descendants of Guan Zhong also had the surname Guan and were called Guan family.
3. Change of surname from another clan. The Guarjia family of the Xibe ethnic group has a Han surname of Guan.
▲The ancestor who got the surname: Guan Zhong. His name was Yiwu, his posthumous title was Jing, and he was also named Jingzhong. A native of Yingshang (now part of Anhui Province), he was a famous politician of Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was the queen of King Mu of Zhou Dynasty. Guan Zhongyuan assisted Young Master Jiu and shot Young Master Xiaobai with an arrow. Young Master Xiaobai escaped by pretending to be dead. Later, Young Master Xiaobai returned to his country and ascended the throne, that is, Duke Huan of Qi. Regardless of his past grudges, he re-appointed Guan Zhong as his prime minister. Guan Zhong was grateful and assisted Duke Huan of Qi in implementing reforms. He accumulated wealth through currency, respected the king and resisted barbarians, united the nine princes, and unified the world, making Duke Huan of Qi the leader of the five hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. Uncle Guan was killed due to rebellion, and his reputation was ruined. However, Guan Zhong was famous for his ability and political integrity. He also made the surname Guan, one of the concubines of King Mu, famous throughout the world. Therefore, the descendants of Guan surname respected Guan Zhong as the ancestor of the surname Guan.
▲Migration Distribution
It can be seen from the above that the main source of the two branches of the Guan surname is either after King Wen or after King Mu. Both branches are from the surname Ji and have the same ancestry. relation. Among the many vassal states in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Guan State was founded early and died early. Guan Shuxian was executed, and his descendants dispersed and went to live in other places. Qilu was prosperous at that time, and most of his descendants moved to Shandong, and some also moved south to Anhui and northern Jiangsu. and those in eastern Henan. In the Spring and Autumn Period, in addition to Guan Zhong, there were also Guan Zhifu of the same generation who was also a native of Qi. It can be seen that at this time, the Guan surname was still mainly spread in Shandong. The Guan surnames found in historical records during the Western Han Dynasty include Gaozu's concubine Guan Madam, Li Lingjunhou Guan Gan, Yanling Guan Shaoqing, and Guan surnamed Junwang Pingyuan should have been formed during the Qin and Han Dynasties. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guan Hai, the leader of the peasant army, was also a native of Qi. He was often served by Guan Ba ??and Guan Bo, a native of Dunqiu (now Qingfeng, Henan Province). It can be seen that the surname Guan was registered in Henan at this time. In addition, in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guan Sizang, who had served as the military affairs officer of the deputy capital of Shandong, moved from Yuzhang to Yanggangba, Zhaoxianli, Ningyang, Fujian (today's Zhangfang Village, Shuiqian, Ninghua). During the Three Kingdoms period, Guan Ning, a native of Zhuxu, Beihai County (now Linqu, Shandong Province), fled to Liaodong for more than 30 years, and his descendants lived there. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to social turmoil, some people with the Guan surname fled the chaos to Qinlong in the west and Xiaoxiang in the south. According to the "Guan Family Genealogy": "There are descendants of Guan Zhong in Qilu, descendants of Guan Chun in Qinlong, descendants of Guan Xiu in Huxiang, and descendants of Guan Ning in Liaodong." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were also Guan surnames who fled to the south of the Yangtze River, and peasant uprisings occurred in the late Sui Dynasty. The leader of the army, Guan Chong, was from Jinling County (now Changzhou, Jiangsu Province). During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Guan surname flourished in Jiangnan. During the Five Dynasties and later the Tang Dynasty, Guan Si Cang had a descendant, Zhenlang, who returned to Jiangxi to live in Daiyuan. Later, his descendants spread throughout Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi. Guan Jian, a poet in the Song Dynasty, followed his father's official career and moved from Longquan to Linchuan (now part of Jiangxi Province). In the Yuan Dynasty, Guan Wei Kaiji, a bachelor of the Imperial Academy, lived in Guangshan, Henan. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Youguangshan branch moved to Xincai. At the same time, the Guan surname was one of the surnames of the people who moved to Hongdong, Shanxi in the Ming Dynasty and was moved to Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places.
According to the "Records of the Titles of Jinshi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties", there were fifty-five people with the surname Guan and the title of Jinshi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and thirty-five of them were from Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang. Excluding their unique cultural atmosphere, it shows that The Guan surname is widely distributed in these three places. In addition, there are two people in Hubei and one in Yunnan in the south. In the north, Juzhou (five names) and Gaomi (two names) in Shandong and Xianning (two names) in Shaanxi are the most common. This can be seen from this the distribution of Guan surnames in this period. At this time, there were people named Guan who crossed the sea to Taiwan and lived overseas. There was also a man named Guan from Shandong who went to Guandong to make a living. Today, the surname Guan is widely distributed across the country, especially in Jiangsu, Shandong and other provinces. The Guan surname in these two provinces accounts for about 63% of the Han population in the country. The surname Guan is the 140th-ranked surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.09% of the country's Han population.
▲Historical celebrities
Guan Zhong: His name is Yiwu. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a native of Qi State was a good friend of Bao Shuya, and he regarded Bao Shuya as his close friend. Later, Bao Shuya recommended him to the State of Qi as prime minister and helped Duke Huan of Qi establish his hegemony. He was in power for more than 40 years and implemented reforms, making the State of Qi continuously prosperous and powerful, and making Duke Huan of Qi the leader of the five hegemons. Author of 86 articles on Guanzi.
Guan Ning: A scholar from the Three Kingdoms period, a native of Zhuxu, Beihai County. He traveled all over the world and was very knowledgeable. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Yellow Turban Army rebelled. He fled to Liaodong and gathered people to lecture on "Poems" and "Books" for thirty years. After returning to his hometown, Emperor Wen of Wei wanted to make him a Taizhong doctor, but he refused. Emperor Zheng of the Ming Dynasty asked him to come out to be Guang Luxun, but he did not agree. His works include "On Surnames".
Guan Ji: An official in the Song Dynasty, a native of Quanzhou. During the Chongning period, Huang Tingjian was demoted to Yizhou, and Guan Ji was serving in Yizhou at that time. He did not shy away from power and had close contacts with Huang Tingjian. Huang Tingjian then wrote a plaque with the name "Zhe Gui Pavilion" and gave it to him, and said to him: "Your son must be admitted to the Jinshi Department." It turned out to be true.
Guan Zhan: An official in the Song Dynasty, named Dingfu, from Longquan. Lived in Linchuan. He moved to Dali Shaoqing for the third time and achieved outstanding political achievements. His works include Collections A and B of Dingzhai Leikuo.
Guan Luo: A native of the Wei Plain (now part of Shandong Province) during the Three Kingdoms period. He was proficient in the Book of Changes and was good at divination. According to legend, all predictions were effective.
Guan Chong: A native of Jinling County (now Changzhou, Jiangsu Province), the leader of the peasant uprising army in the late Sui Dynasty. In the ninth year of Daye (613), he led an uprising and elected Liu Yuanjin as the leader. He was appointed as a servant of the minister, and later died in the army.
Guan Jian: Guan Jian: a native of Longquan (now part of Zhejiang Province), an official and poet in the Song Dynasty. When the official went to Guangdong to impose punishment, he had the power to know the economic strategy of Guangzhou and appease the envoy. There is "Yangzhuotang Ci".
Guan Zhen: A native of Wujin, Jiangsu Province, a painter of the Qing Dynasty, with the courtesy name Yangfu and the nickname Songya. During the Qianlong period, he served in Hanlin and became the governor of water transportation. A flower and bird artist, he has acquired the essence of Yun Shouping, and is especially good at painting peonies. There is "Songya Collection".
Guan Sheng: A native of Ruian, Zhejiang Province, a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty. Gongshu was famous for his charm and style. He learned from Ou and Zhao and was famous at that time. Guan Tingzuo: a native of Jiading, Shanghai, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty. In the first year of Tongzhi, he was a prolific scholar, good at poetry, drinking heavily, and good at calligraphy. He once served as the Xuezheng of Taizhou.
Guan Gongming: a scholar of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.
Guan Shifu: A poet of the Song Dynasty, a native of Longquan (now part of Zhejiang Province). He is loyal and brave, and is good at writing poems. Song Shenzong wanted to grant him an official position, but he did not accept it. Called Mr. Woyun. His works include "The Collection of White Clouds".
Guan Sheng: a famous female painter in the Yuan Dynasty. Wuxing people. She was named Mrs. Wei, also known as Mrs. Guan. He is good at painting plum blossoms, orchids and bamboos, and he is also good at painting landscapes. She is also very accomplished in calligraphy and is good at writing regular script.
Guan Shiren: an official in the Song Dynasty, a native of Longquan (now Zhejiang), and a Jinshi in Xining. I know that Jianchang's army has good governance and promotes right and correct speech. Later, he moved to serve as Minister of the Ministry of Industry, Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and Tongzhi Privy Council.
Guan Shimin: A native of Huating, Songjiang (now Shanghai), an official in the Ming Dynasty. He served as ambassador to the Chu government for more than 40 years. He was loyal and cautious, handled all matters large and small, was meticulous, diligent and honest, and was loved by the people.
Guan Songtao: A Juye man from Shandong Province, born in 1902 and died in 1966. In 1955, he was awarded the rank of major general by the Central Military Commission.
Guan Moye: a native of Gaomi, Shandong Province, a famous contemporary writer with the pen name Mo Yan.
He began writing novels in 1982, and his works include "Transparent Carrot", "Red Sorghum", "Swing", "Ball Lightning", "Sorghum Wine", "Dog Track", etc. Created an art world in Northeast Gaomi Township. Mo Yan's novels often use symbols and freehand brushwork to express his understanding, feelings, ideals and wishes about the world and life.
▲Junwangtang No.
1. Junwang
Pingyuan County: Pingyuan County was established in the early Western Han Dynasty. It is equivalent to today's Pingyuan County in northwest Shandong Province.
Jinyang County: Originally the capital of Jin State during the Spring and Autumn Period, it was later changed to Jinyang City of Zhao State. During the Han Dynasty, a county was established here as the seat of Taiping County. In today's Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province.
2. Hall name
Kuang Shitang: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong was the prime minister of Duke Huan of Qi. He helped Duke Huan of Qi to establish justice and govern the world. Became one of the famous prime ministers in history. Confucius praised him for "saving the world", which means he saved the whole world.
In addition, the main hall names of the Guan surname include: "Pingyuan Hall", "Baiyuntang", "Guoyitang", etc.