From the purpose, reading can be roughly divided into two types.
One is consumption reading, that is, reading just to enjoy reading itself. For this kind of reading, time arrangement is not a problem. Anyway, you have a whim, just have a little time, just turn over the books, just like you suddenly want to eat a hot and sour powder, no matter how busy you are, you can spare a meal. The other is utilitarian reading, that is, reading to solve problems. This kind of reading is worth considering the arrangement of time, because it requires not only the quantity of time, but also the quality of time.
Look at the amount of time first.
Of course, the more time you spend studying every day, the better. If you really want to make the bottom line, I suggest starting at least 1 hour. Some people say that they are too busy to squeeze in so much time. I also believe that there are such people, but I believe that it is not so difficult for many people to squeeze out 1 hour of reading time. Sometimes I can't find time because of lack of energy. When people are young, they usually stay up all night and sleep for a few hours to be full of blood. After the age of 30, energy will gradually decline, fatigue is easy, and sleep is often needed. Abundant energy is the premise of reading. If we want to read a good book, we should first take good care of our health, such as cultivating healthy eating and working habits, choosing suitable exercise and so on. If you are in good health, it is not a big problem to sleep less, so you have more time.
Sometimes we can't find time because of lack of management.
Some people feel that no matter in life or at work, there are many things waiting for them to respond, and they are busy online 24 hours a day. In fact, if you set up a timetable and fill in what you want to do, you may find that some time can be controlled by yourself; Moreover, if you carefully analyze the things to be done, you may find that these things can be reduced through integration, so that time will be available.
Sometimes we can't find time because of lack of self-discipline.
Sometimes, when I finally have leisure, I could have studied. As a result, I can't help but open WeChat, brush Tik Tok, visit a treasure, catch a play, or find someone to chat with ... and make up my mind to quit my job and prepare to study for some time. Time has passed. There are many ways to improve self-discipline. For example, set an alarm clock for 30 minutes, then concentrate on reading. After the alarm clock rings, reward yourself 15 minutes to play with your mobile phone.
Solve the quantity of time first, and then solve the quality of time.
After studying 1 hour, some people only know that they have scanned more than a dozen pages of books and can't say anything at all; And some people not only expounded what they saw and heard, but also expressed their views in depth with their own understanding. What causes this difference is the reading efficiency; The key to improving efficiency is to choose a good reading method. The key to solving problems through reading is to find effective strategies to solve problems, also called thinking mode. In Thinking Well, Cheng Jia introduced three reading methods suitable for finding thinking patterns. Let's take a look:
1. dictionary lookup method
As the name implies, the dictionary method is to treat books as? A dictionary? Find the relevant thinking model when you encounter problems, so there is no reading pressure and high efficiency. For example, in teaching, we find that students are not in the state of learning. We can look through some classic books and look for thinking patterns related to learning motivation. For example, Woolfolk Educational Psychology, with Douban score as high as 9.2, mentioned a goal model, pointing out that teachers can adjust teaching from six aspects to improve students' learning motivation:
(1) Learning task, which links teaching with students' background and experience, and makes students realize that learning task is very important to them.
(2) Autonomy, which provides students with limited freedom, such as allowing students to make suggestions for improvement in their own classrooms.
(3) Recognition, for example, taking the median scores of past years as students' test objectives, so that every student has the opportunity to be recognized in his studies.
(4) Grouping, allowing students to carry out cooperative learning, encouraging the interaction between groups, and creating an inclusive and acceptable learning environment for each student.
⑤ Evaluation emphasizes learning rather than grades, and tells students that it is more important to understand learning content than to complete learning tasks.
⑥ Class time: Adjust the class schedule according to the teaching tasks and students' abilities, and reserve time for students to internalize knowledge.
The advantage of looking up a dictionary is that it can quickly find a mode of thinking in a very short time, but it also has limitations and is more suitable? A question corresponds to a mode of thinking? Simple questions; If the answer and the question are not simply one-to-one, this method will be a bit confusing. At this time, we need to find a more systematic strategy to solve reading? Keyword method.
2. Keyword method
There are three main steps in the keyword method: first, determine the core problems to be solved by the author in the book; Second, look for keywords related to the core issues in the book; Third, analyze the relationship between keywords and find the author's strategy to solve the problem. For example, there is a book in Ye Qiu called "Writing 7 Lessons", with a douban score of 8.6 and more than 200 pages. If you read word for word from the first page, you may easily get caught up in the ocean of details; However, if you read the book with keywords first, you can establish an overall understanding of the idea of Autumn Leaves, and then make a single breakthrough with dictionary method, and reading will have twice the result with half the effort.
Browse the table of contents and read the introduction, preface, chapter 0 and ending? A message from autumn leaves? , we can know, what is the core problem that autumn leaves have to solve in the book? How to learn to write? ; To this end, he proposed seven core keywords, namely? Frame writing? 、? Compound interest writing? 、? Fragmented writing? 、? Net text? 、? Structured writing? 、? List writing? And then what? Repeated writing? . What is the relationship between these seven keywords, and how do they help us learn to write?
Framed writing allows us to build a knowledge frame tree of our own field and writing, see all kinds of possibilities from a global perspective and solve them? Writing has no direction? problem
Compound interest writing can make us turn writing into an investment and provide us with multiple returns continuously, thus solving problems? Writing without motivation? problem
(3) Fragmented writing can help us find time to finish each writing in busy affairs, thus solving problems? No time to write? problem
Online writing can help us broaden our horizons and find more useful writing resources and materials, thus solving problems? Writing without material? problem
⑤ Structured writing can help us quickly find organizational materials to form the framework of the article, thus solving problems? Writing without inspiration? problem
List writing can provide some reference standards for us to judge whether the article is well written or not, so as to solve it. Writing without quality? problem
⑦ Repetitive writing can help us disassemble the master's works, reflect on our own writing, sum up experience in time, and thus solve problems? No progress in writing? problem
The advantage of keyword method is that it can quickly grasp the problem-solving ideas of the whole book, but it also has a disadvantage that it can only grasp the thinking modes written by the author, and it is not easy to see whether these thinking modes are suitable for you. Therefore, we also need a device that can read? Moral? How to read? Know people and discuss the world.
3. The law of knowing people and discussing the world
The so-called understanding people and discussing the world is to understand one thing, not only to understand this person, but also to study the era in which the characters live. That is to say, when reading, we should not only find the thinking modes provided by the author, but also jump out of the text and go back to the author and his era, trying to understand why the author thought of these thinking modes. Think hard and tell an example. Ren Zheng Fei of Huawei didn't understand: Why Byron's Don Juan touched the ideological liberation in Europe, and why Michelangelo's sculpture was a Renaissance? ? Later, he asked others to understand the development history and context of western culture, and then put these works in the development background of western culture to understand the significance of these works.
For example, in normal society, Don Juan is a liar and a rogue; However, under the background of western religious shackles, Don Juan became a romantic hero who rebelled against the existing order and pursued freedom and personality liberation. Similarly, in Michelangelo's time, all his works revolved around God, but he carved a large number of exquisite human sculptures, restored the primitive nature and found the position of man in society, which was one of the core essences of the people-oriented Renaissance. The core of the law of knowing people and discussing the world is to understand the conditions and scope of application of a thinking mode. We should have a consciousness: there is no correct thinking mode, only a thinking mode suitable for a certain situation, so that we will not read dead books and read dead books.
Knowing the method does not mean that reading efficiency can come up immediately. From knowing to doing, you still need to practice, and you should practice very diligently. Therefore, when we squeeze out reading time every day, we should focus on the application of these reading methods, so that we can learn slowly and make the best use of it, and in the long run we can get the greatest return.