. Yin yín
We have noticed that due to the lack of historical analysis methods, the lack of ancient Vietnamese language documents and research, and the lack of research on the word "Yin" from multiple disciplines such as phonology, exegesis, etymology, and onomastics, resulting in the lack of "Yin" The biased understanding of the original meaning of the word "Yin" leads to the above-mentioned explanation of the name of Yin County being far-fetched. In the "Yin County Chronicles" published by Zhonghua Book Company in 1996, in the second section of the first section "Administrative Regions" "County Names", it took a unique approach and ingeniously put forward the view that "Yin, a Vietnamese place name, has no original meaning", but it has not yet been tested. No scholar has further explained this, so that the theory of "Red Pansy Mountain", which gave Yin County its name, has been popular for a long time, and it has been spread widely through false rumors and is almost certain. ■Loess land where people live together. According to research, the earliest document in which the word "Yin" appears is the history book "Guoyu·Yueyu" written around the Spring and Autumn Period. It has a history of nearly 2,500 years. It has a history of "The Land of Goujian, South As for Juwu (today's Zhuji area), it reaches Yu'er (today's Jiaxing area) in the north, Yin to the east, and Gumi (today's Taihu area) to the west. "The land of "Dong Yin" belonged to Guyue in the Spring and Autumn Period, east of Kuaiji. . "Yin" is a place name that is a combination of phonetic and phonetic sounds. It came into being before the county name "Yin" appeared. Therefore, the origin and interpretation of the original meaning and initial extended meaning of "Yin" should be in the Central Plains. Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi" Tubu said: "Viola, clay, from soil, from Huang Province." Duan Yucai's note: "Those who come from yellow, loess is very sticky. I understand." "Shuowen Jiezi" Jinbu said: "Viola, clay soil." Therefore, loess is viola, which is the original meaning, and Xu Shenxun refers to clay, which is an extension. righteous. Sha Menghai once quoted this point of view in "The Theory of Yin Zi", which is undoubtedly very appropriate and accurate. Therefore, the original meaning of the word "Jin" can be literally translated as "yellow land"; the word "Yin" is "Jin + Yi", which makes sense and can be interpreted as "yellow land where people gather together". As for the original meaning of the word "Jin" as the name of ancient Yin County, it is worthy of consideration. "Viola" has multiple pronunciations and several interpretations. In addition to the interpretation of "loess", the noun is used as a grass name, a vegetable name, a color name, and it is also used as "only", "hibiscus", and "earth pansy". There are other explanations. For "Tu", "Shi", "Sincerity", etc. In language reference books such as "Kangxi Dictionary" and "Hanyu Dictionary", "Jin" and "Yin" are completely different. "Shuowen Jiezi" Yibu said: "Yin, Kuaiji County, Congyi, Jinsheng", Duan Yucai's note: "Yin, its character was first written as Jin, and later added Yi." The paragraph note only explains the phonetic " The word "Yin" evolved from the character "煇" which means something. It was created by people in the Central Plains area at that time. The word "Yin" that was later used to name Yindi was developed from the word "煞". But can "Jin" be equated with the county name "Yin"? Can "Yindi, Yinshan, Yinshui" be directly written as "Yindi, Jinshan, Jinshui"? The original meaning is "a place where people live together". Is the word "Yin" in "Loess Land" the origin of the name Yin County? ■The transliteration of the ancient Vietnamese place names is actually unclear. The original meaning of the word "Yin" that was later named Yindi and used as the name of the county is as unclear as the names of "Gouwu, Yuer, Gumi" and the ancient "Juzhang" county. It's just a transliteration of ancient Vietnamese. This is just as Chen Qiaoyi, a professor at Zhejiang University, said in the preface of "Interesting Talks about Xiaoshan Dialects" (Fangzhi Publishing House, 2004): "The ancient Yue people were a tribe with only language and no writing. The ancient Yue words and Yue dialects left today are all "Yueyin-Chinese translation." Of course, this Chinese translation must be added in quotation marks. When the ancient Yue people came, there was no such thing as Han people in the Chinese nation. Indeed, in the Yindi area, the civilized Central Plains at that time regarded them as "Eastern Barbarians" and "Southern Barbarians" who were out of reach, just like today's primitive humans or some ethnic minorities without their own writing. "Yin" is just an ancient Yue people's phonetic recognition of their place of residence. Since there are no written records to verify, it is now difficult to clarify its original meaning. At that time, the literate Central Plains people recorded it using the existing character "Yin", so it was a phonetic character. Otherwise, at that time, the history of civilization in Yindi would have synchronized with that of the Central Plains, and the cultural communication between Yindi and the Central Plains would have been through written communication without any obstacles. Wouldn't it be absurd? Chen Qiaoyi also said: "It is precisely because of the Chinese translation of Vietnamese that the Han people who later entered this area often interpreted the Vietnamese language in Chinese terms. For example, Yao interpreted Yu Yao and Shun interpreted Shang Yu in Chinese legends." Later People, limited by their knowledge, love for their hometown, and folk customs, often use the "Han" meaning to interpret the transliterations of ancient Vietnamese words. The result of this misinterpretation of literal meanings will lead to various localized self-justifications. Mr. Sha Menghai's "Theory of Yin Zi" goes to great lengths to prove that "Yin" county was named after his hometown "Red Pansy Mountain", which belongs to this category.
The "Yue Jueshu" compiled by Yuan Kang of the Eastern Han Dynasty records that Xue Zhu taught swordsmanship to King Goujian of Yue. "The mountain of red pansy breaks out of tin, and the stream of Ruoye dries up and comes out of copper." "The red pansy tin mentioned in Shaoxing County has some influence in ancient Chinese history and culture, but it is certainly not the reason why Yin County got its name. However, several Chijin Mountains in ancient Yin County (including present-day Fenghua) are not mentioned in the important historical documents of my country before the Eastern Han Dynasty, except for the Yin County local chronicles of the Song Dynasty, and there is no supporting evidence. How can the dynasties as far away as the Central Plains know about it? Named after this? In addition, red pansy is a grass. The grass is responsible for the mountain, and the mountain is responsible for the county. I am afraid it is just meaningless. The "Chinese" translation of Vietnamese has provided imaginative material for later generations to create many vivid mythological stories. The theory of "Wang Yin" after which Yin County was named is also an example. "Siming Cave Tiandan Mountain Illustration and Ode Collection" was found in Daozang, after the Song Dynasty What Taoists did rashly has become a public opinion. People in the Ming Dynasty had a theory of the Kingdom of Jin during the reign of Emperor Yu of Xia Dynasty. Qian Daxin believed that "the common saying is untrue and is just a painting." (Volume 19 of "Qian Yan Tang Ji" "Yin County Chronicles") Various derivatives of the Vietnamese "Chinese" translation The vivid myths, stories and legends have allowed good people in the past dynasties to attach themselves to the local area and create various place names, temples and so-called imprints, and inspired the literary and poetic nature of many literati, thus creating numerous and influential works. Historical documents and literary and artistic works, such as the Temple of King Shun in Wangtan Town, Shaoxing County, Shunjing in Shangyu County, Tong'ao, the county seat of Luan County, and now Baozhuang, Wuxiang Town, are said to be important trade towns in the Qin and Han Dynasties, etc. similar situation. Despite this, the above-mentioned tangible and intangible cultural heritages are already ancient people, ancient events, monuments, and ancient books compared to today's people. They have been spread for a long time, have a certain influence, and have been deeply integrated into the local area through the ages. It is a long river of economy, society and history and culture, so it has certain value in history, geography, toponymy, sociology, folklore and even literature. Li Ciming, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, also said in "Yuemantang Diary" (July 13, the eighth year of Tongzhi): "Yao, Ji, Yu, and Yan are just counties named after dialects, and their meanings are not clear." With " Yin is not a famous county, so the explanation in the 1996 edition of "Yin County Chronicles" is obviously correct, that is, it was adapted from the transliterated ancient Yue place name and became the exclusive county name. As the name of the county, the clear expression of the word "Yin" should be: "Yin, the transliteration of the ancient Vietnamese place name, the original meaning has not been tested." ■The homophones of "Yin" are the same as "Yin". "Chinese Dictionary" says: "Yin" is the same as "Yin", such as: Yin'e, which is the same as "Yin" and "Yin'e". The first volume of Zhouyi "Shen Tongqi" compiled by Wei Boyang during the Han Dynasty said: "Chaos is intertwined, and the power tree has its foundation. The Yin is nourished by nourishment, and the body is formed by concentrating." The second volume says, "The master of nature is in the inner place, and the Yin is set up. "E. Outside the main camp, the walls are built. The walls are complete and the characters are peaceful." "Xijing Fu" by Zhang Heng of the Han Dynasty: "There are no walls in front or behind." Here, "Yin'e" and so on. The meaning is interpreted as margin and boundary, and by extension it refers to shape, and later it is interpreted as spirit and the like. According to Taoism, "Yin'e" is the pedicle of life, and "nurturing Yin'e" means cultivating one's own mind to have spirit and endless vitality. This is a way to maintain health and live in the world. Dong Qichang, a painter of the Ming Dynasty, said: "Reading thousands of books, traveling thousands of miles, getting rid of the dust in the chest, camping in the natural hills and valleys, setting up Yin'e, writing casually, all of them are landscapes conveying the spirit." This explains the spirit in the heart, Only the landscape paintings painted can have spiritual meaning in form. So, why does "Yin" have the same pronunciation as "Yin" and be interpreted as "marginal"? "East to Yin" in "Guoyu" is generally called "East Yin" in ancient documents. Although many poems and articles of later generations have the explanation of "Yin Dong", Shi Hao's "Maofeng Zhenyin Manglu·Yan" There is a message in "The Speech of Gao Daqing, the Shou of the Ming Dynasty" that "Bu Fu was restored to Dongyin, and it was closely guarded in the imperial capital", which directly refers to "Mingzhou". However, considering that in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods when "Guoyu" was compiled, the ancient Yin people, like other ancient Yue people, were regarded by the Central Plains people as "Southern Barbarians" ("Mencius Teng Wengong" and "Dongyi"), and the Yin region was far away. Dongbi reaches the giant sea (East China Sea), so the reason why the Central Plains people use "Yin" as the same pronunciation as "Yin", and use "East to Yin" to refer to the geographical location of the "Land of Goujian", is it because "East to Yin" means "East to Bian" "What does it mean? In other words, when the ancient Yue people called their place of residence "Yin", does it have the meaning of "border"? Of course, this is just nonsense and conjecture, and it seems to be the kind of localized self-justification. And so on. The fact that the ancient Yue language has no written records makes the original meaning of the place where the ancient Yue people claim to live may become an eternal mystery. ■The rare surname "Yin" is also a vague one. For those of us in Yinxian County, we only learned about surnames in the past six years.
Mr. Jin Haiteng, the former county magistrate of Yin County, first discovered it when he received businessmen from Taiwan. Then Mr. Cheng Gang, secretary of the county party committee at the time, asked Xu Jianfei, Bao Jianjun and Xu Ming from the Yin County Daily and the Cultural Bureau to interview and investigate, "Looking for People Surnamed Yin". "After the article was published, it caused a sensation in Yinxian County and even Yongcheng. Last year, Zheng Chuanjie, a teacher at Yinzhou Vocational Senior High School, wrote an article called "Long Talk about Yin Wai Yin", which introduced the Yin family and related customs in Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan in a more detailed and well-founded manner. What they know about this surname is basically limited to the introduction of the local Yin family and relevant information obtained through online searches. For example, "Chaozhou Prefecture Chronicles" records about "Yinren": Zi Jianshan, he served as the coastal defense magistrate of Chaozhou Prefecture from Yuan Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, and settled in Longxi Du, Chaozhou, Guangdong. He was originally an official in Ningbo Prefecture, Zhejiang Province. "Nan'an County Chronicle" records that in the Ming Dynasty, there was "Yinping Mountain". A native of Houjing Village, Nan'an, Fujian Province, had four boys and one girl. The girl was the legendary "Yinxiangu". In addition, I believe that although "Yin Xiang" in the Ming Dynasty's "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a character in the novel, the author's use of "Yin" as his surname should not be groundless or speculative. It is said that the surname Yin was changed from the surname Jin. Later generations changed the surname because they were ashamed that Jin Shang, a senior official of Chu State, framed Qu Yuan. Later versions of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" changed "Yin Xiang" to "Jin Xiang", which is probably because of their approval. This is said, but it is also a nonsense change. The author has verified that the "Tongpu of Wan Xing" compiled by Ling Dizhi of the Ming Dynasty contains the entry "For the surname Yin, see "Xing Yuan"." According to "Xingyuan", it has 10 volumes. Its author has always been generally considered to be He Chengtian (370-447), a famous mathematician, astronomer, historian and thinker in my country during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. He Chengtian (370-447) was born in Tancheng, Shandong Province. The book "Xingyuan" currently only has one volume compiled by Wang Renjun of the Qing Dynasty (see "Three Continuations of Lost Books compiled by Yuhan Shanfang" by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House). However, the book does not appear in Sui and Tang chronicles, and is only said to be written by He. Most people in the Song Dynasty believed that it was written by He Chengtian. Only Chen Zhensun's Shulu explained the title. The book "Xingyuan" listed the surname Li first, and believed that it came from the Tang Dynasty, or before the Tang Dynasty. Biography. This shows that the Yin surname appeared at least in the Tang Dynasty or the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and possibly in the Wei, Jin and even before. In this way, the history of receiving the surname of the Yin family is more than 1,500 years ago. In addition, the Yin family is a rare surname. At least until He Chengtian finished compiling this book, no famous family could record it. Therefore, after consulting the existing literature, the relatively well-known Yin family first appeared in Fujian and Guangdong, and the earliest was in the Song Dynasty. The "Fujian General Chronicle" compiled in the second year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty records that the Yin family is "Yin Kangcheng" in Jianpu County, Fujian Province. "Yuemantang Dushuji" has records of his annotation of Lushi. "Lülu Jingyi·Neipian Volume 4" believes that Yinkang Chengzong Liu Xin and Ban Gu said it. Therefore, because of his age but profound knowledge, he was given the treatment of Jinshi, that is, he became a special report on the Wei Jingbang in the 11th year of Chunxi in Song Dynasty, and later served as the magistrate of Liancheng County, Fujian. "Surname Yuan" records, "Yin, the name of the county, takes the place as the surname." The Yin family is named after the county Yin, just like the "Mao" family and the "Juzhang" family. "Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surname Books" written by Deng Mingshi of the Song Dynasty says, "Mao, Yue people take the county as their surname, and Mao County in Mingzhou is also the same. There is Maozi in the Eastern Han Dynasty." "Yi is the surname." This shows that the surname Yin is as old as the two surnames in the same area. At the same time, it is also possible that an ancestor changed his surname to Yin for secret reasons, or left his hometown and changed his surname to commemorate his hometown Yindi, or changed his surname to commemorate his important experience as an official in Yindi. These are still unclear because they have not yet been discovered. There are records of the Yin family in Yindi. The exact date of the birth of this geographically and culturally significant surname is still unknown. During the Song Dynasty in Fujian, there was Yinjiang, which was later renamed Tingjiang. The emergence of Yinjiang, Yinkeng, Yinhefang and other Yin-character place names during this era must have a causal connection with Yinshi and Yinxian. The hall name of the birthplace of the Yin family in Shenzhen, Guangdong is "Nanyang Hall", indicating that the local Yin family believes that the ancestors who brought them glory lived in Nanyang. There is an old "Yin Gong Temple" in Xianxi Village, Anbu Town, Chao'an County, Guangdong, and an "Old Bianliang Home" behind the gate tower, indicating that the ancestors of the Yin family can be traced back to present-day Henan. According to the 1990 edition of "Anbu Zhi", the Yin surname settled in Anbu Wenli Shachi since the Song Dynasty. Later, it was widely established and became a prosperous clan, including Xitou Yin, Longzai Yin, Xianxi Yin, Guanli Yin, and all An ancestral hall was built, and a large ancestral hall "Side Hall" was built in Shachi. According to the "Fengkuo Guo Family Genealogy" and others, Yin Huai Jing from Anbu in the early Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty had become a wealthy local. The Yin family members in Fujian and Guangdong both believe that they are from the same lineage and believe that Yin County is their roots, but no strong circumstantial evidence in the literature has been found so far.
Nowadays, there are many Yin people in Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. It is initially estimated that there are more than 100,000 people. Although there are not many prominent people, they all have a different feeling about Yin County. They want to go to Yin County to trace their roots and visit their ancestors. This is worthy of the gratification and concern of us Yinxian people. We also need to strengthen the research on the word Yin and the Yin family name to realize their dream of finding their roots.