The difference between paintings in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty
The changes in art during the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were more reflected in the art of calligraphy, and regular script really appeared. Although the changes in the art of painting are not as significant as those in calligraphy, changes in social atmosphere and the rise of Buddhist worship have made the originally simple and clear paintings further complicated. Cao Buxing founded Buddhist painting, and his disciple Wei Xie developed on his basis. As one of the signs of the maturity of painting, famous painters such as Gu Kaizhi, Dai Kui, Lu Tanwei, and Zhang Sengyao appeared in the south, while Yang Zihua, Cao Zhongda, and Tian Sengliang also appeared in the north. The identity of the painter gradually entered the In the writing of history books, it began to play an increasingly important role in social life. Entering the Southern Song Dynasty, painters led by Li Tang, Liu Songnian, Ma Yuan and Xia Gui changed the appearance of Chinese landscape painting and formed the unique "corner scene" style of the era. When Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty discussed the changes in landscapes in his "Yi Yuan Yan Yan", he held the view that "Liu, Li, Ma and Xia also changed." This "change" in landscape painting is to explore new formal rules in the spatial layout and structure of the picture, and to establish a new order of the picture with a new artistic taste and aesthetic pursuit. Therefore, it is particularly prominent compared to the changes in landscape painting in other periods. , and even many art historians call it a "sudden change". Map division of the Southern Song Dynasty and Northern Wei Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period
Map of the Southern Song Dynasty and Northern Wei Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period:
The Southern and Northern Dynasties were a divided dynasty in China, divided into the Southern Dynasties and the Northern Dynasties. The Southern Dynasties were Liu Song, Xiao Qi, Xiao Liang, and Nan Chen; the Northern Dynasties were Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi, and Northern Zhou.
Born in the clan of Li Tang, one of the eight pillar states of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he compiled the "Book of Jin" and regarded the laws of the Southern and Northern Dynasties as orthodox. Sima Guang's "Zizhi Tongjian" regarded the Southern Dynasties as orthodox.
As the continuation of the Han regime and the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Southern Dynasties’ royal families were mainly nobles or sub-gentry, because after the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, military positions were mostly held by nobles or sub-gentry. Due to the efforts of those in power, the Yuanjia Rule and the Yongming Rule emerged, which made the country prosperous.
Extended information:
The Song Dynasty was the longest among the four Southern Dynasties, lasting 60 years.
Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty Liu Yu was originally a general of the Beifu Army of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and took control of the court after the Huanxuan Rebellion. In order to gain prestige and usurp the Jin Dynasty, he launched two Northern Expeditions and recovered Shandong, Henan and the Guanzhong area (Guanzhong was later occupied by Xia).
Later, Liu Yu killed Emperor An of Jin and established Emperor Gong of Jin. He took the throne two years later (420). The country was named Song, changed to Yongchu of Yuan Dynasty, and was called Liu Song in history. The Eastern Jin Dynasty fell. In 439, after the Northern Wei unified the north, Fang and Liu Song formed a north-south confrontation.
Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty was born in the military and was a resolute and frugal man. After becoming emperor, he still practiced frugality and his political style was very good for a while[22]. But he seemed not to pay much attention to royal education, so much so that he entrusted it to inhumane people, causing great changes.
He realized that the power of the family at that time was great and the authority of the monarch was declining, so he used the Han people to control the secrets in government affairs, and entrusted the military power to the royal family. The clan controlled the military and political areas, so they wanted to usurp the throne, so many tragedies of fratricide occurred between the emperor and the clan.