At that time, regardless of rank, seals were called seals. It wasn't printed at that time.
A name. After Qin annexed the six countries, it was stipulated that the seal of the son of heaven was called the seal, and the seal of the subjects was called the seal.
All seals are called seals. Han inherited the Qin system, and the emperor still called it seal (empress dowager and vassal)
The king's can also be called a seal. In the official seal and private seal of Han Dynasty, seal script, seal,
The name of the letter seal, letter seal, etc. In the Tang Dynasty, the seal was once changed to "Bao", and later
Emperors of all ages used seals and treasures. There have been official seals and private seals in history, Zhu Ji,
Customs clearance, stamping, etc.
Yin Qin
After Qin Dynasty, India was a symbol of feudal imperial power and became an official power.
Proof of strength and people's commitment in social life. Generation of seal
It is closely related to social life and economic development, so its purpose is also.
Extremely extensive. There are many records of "seal" and "seal festival" in ancient books before Qin Dynasty.
Record. "Book of Rites, Local Officials, Palm Festival" has a record of "bribery for goods"
, Zheng Xuan annotation for "seal festival, this seal also". Han Liuxi in Interpretation
The book "Ming" also said in "Interpretation of Book Deeds": "Seal, move and seal can be transferred.
Migration, but not sending "seal" is also a letter, so the seal is also a letter inspection. "
It can be seen that seals were originally used for the transfer and storage of goods, documents, bamboo slips and articles.
In the process of storage, it plays the role of safety, confidentiality and anti-counterfeiting.
In addition, the seal of the bell cover on pottery is a mark used by craftsmen to indicate production.
Branding a horse is called branding a horse. One of the ancient seals was used for martyrdom.
After the Tang and Song Dynasties, a collection seal prevailed, which was the seal of collectors or appreciators.
Marks on paintings and calligraphy. At this time, there are different forms, such as leisure printing and lent printing.
And the purpose of the seal. Xi seals are widely used and the types are more complicated.
A lot.
The materials used to make ancient seals are gold, silver, copper, iron,
Jade, pottery, stone, amber, glass, bone horn, bamboo and so on. metal material
Seal making can be divided into casting and chiseling. The shape and words of the seal become sand or
Wax casting is casting and printing; On the casting blank, chisel out
Engraving words. Most seals made of other materials are carving knives.
Ancient seal in the warring States period
Shangxi
The words on the seal are Zhu Wen (the printed words are raised, also called Zhu Wen)
Yang Wen) and Bai Wen (gravure characters, also known as Yin Wen). Zaitong
On the other hand, it was written by Zhu and on the other hand, it was written in vain. The words on the ancient seal of the pre-Qin dynasty,
It is a popular ancient prose in the Warring States period, and some glyphs have been simplified and changed.
This is more difficult to identify. There are eight kinds of characters on the seal of Qin Dynasty.
Imitation printing, one of the fonts, was changed on the basis of Xiao Zhuan, in order to
Suitable for the beauty of seals. The words on the seal of the Han Dynasty are called Miao.
Seal script was formed under the influence of official script at that time. There is also a kind of bird insect.
Book is an artistic seal script that originated in the late Spring and Autumn Period. After the Han Dynasty, it was printed on the imperial seal.
In addition to seal script, there are official script, regular script and running script, as well as Qidan and Nvshu.
Ancient minority languages, such as Zhen, Xixia, Basiba and Manchu.
Private printing in Han dynasty
(Hanyin) Insect Book Seal and Ancient Language Seal
Official seal of Han dynasty
Mud seal in Han dynasty
Official seal of six dynasties
Official seal of Tang, Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties
Ancient seals were generally square in shape. In addition, there are long
Square (officials with lower positions in Qin and Han Dynasties used rectangular official seals, which
The shape is about half of the square official seal (also known as semi-pass seal), round and oval.
Shape, square, triangle, gourd, persimmon, tripod, irregular.
Shape and so on. There are 1 sides, 2 sides, 5 sides, 6 sides and so on. Besides,
There is overprint, which consists of two or three seals of different sizes. This kind of seal is more common.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the big seal was empty, and the small seal was embedded in the abdomen, like a mother holding a child, so
Also known as the female seal. In ancient times, there were marks on hooks, which were called hook marks.
There are buttons on the upper end of the ancient seal, which can be pierced. Print buttons and have altars.
Buttons, bucket buttons, tile buttons, nose buttons, turtle buttons, camel buttons, tiger and leopard to ward off evil spirits.
Wait a minute. Since the Han Dynasty, flies, turtles, camels and horses have been printed on buttons to distinguish emperors from officials.
Privately printed buttons are not customized, and their button styles are more diverse.
Yuan dynasty seal
How to use it: study the usage of ancient seals from the remains.
There are two kinds: one is the method of sealing mud, and the other is the method of absorbing Zhu. Mud seal is also called mud
Sealed.
Ancient official and folk bamboo slips were mostly written on bamboo slips and tied with ropes when sealed.
Tie it up, check the wood at the end or intersection of the rope, seal it with cement, and seal it.
Out of trust, in case of private demolition. This method is also often used to seal objects. This seal is stamped with
The mud block of the seal is called sealing mud. Its method was mainly popular in Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties.
Time magazine. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, paper was widely used and bamboo slips were gradually abandoned, so
It seems that the seal is printed on the book in red or other colors. This is
Is the so-called Zhu Zhu system.
Xixia official seal
The ancient seal is not only a practical product, but also a work of art. Today will be fine.
Use it to study ancient history, geography, officials, politics and so on. In order to make up for history.
Proving historical mistakes can also study the evolution of characters, which is also a kind of research.
Precious materials of calligraphy and arts and crafts.