First, write the font (word for word). This stage focuses on the study of the method of writing brush and the structure of Chinese characters, which is also the most important basic stage. Learners are required to face each other every day, study writing skills, study the structure of bookshelves, study the characteristics of fonts, try to figure out and immerse themselves in them every day.
Second, line by line. At this stage, based on the similarity of strokes and glyphs, the method adopted is to study the characteristics and charm of the author's whole font line by line, grasp the spiritual context and persevere line by line. The characters in this stage are basically similar in form and spirit.
Third, access. This copybook is written from beginning to end, the main purpose is to better grasp the essence of fonts and increase proficiency in the field.
Fourth, turn your back. Give up the copybook, write it silently, then compare it, find out the differences and correct it. After this stage, your handwriting is almost the same as that on the copybook, but some are different. Many famous posts handed down from ancient times have lost their original works, and many of them are temporary manuscripts written by famous calligraphers at this stage.
Fifth, the post. In calligraphy learning, the corresponding is "joint paste". The above four stages are "posting". The requirement of posting stage is to find different styles of fonts and celebrity calligraphy's works, and repeat the above four stages according to the requirements of "posting". You can enter several copybooks of different celebrities, and then form your own copybooks according to your own artistic accomplishment and understanding.
In Wang Xizhi's On the Style of Writing, there is an incisive exposition on the study of calligraphy: "At the beginning of the book, you can't finish it, once you straighten your hands and feet, twice you get less situation, three times you look like a book, four times you add enough, and five times you add enough." If it is raw, it is not convenient to rest. Second line and third line, but it must be smooth and healthy, and it must not be counted. "
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Gesture Theory Chapter 12
Twelve Chapters of Writing Style was originally called Twelve Chapters of Writing Style, and was written by Wang Xizhi. It was published by Xu Wei in Mo Fu in the Tang Dynasty. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Chen did not indicate the author, but said that "I don't know which generation compiled it". It is debatable whether The Twelve Chapters of Pen Style was written by Wang Ling, but there is no dispute that it is Wang Xizhi's calligraphy school.
In the preface of Gesture Theory, it is written as follows: Tell your son to respect: I find your handwriting extraordinary, and you are not idle. Since ancient times, fathers have not taught their children. Now, I'll tell you an article on Gesture Theory to inspire you. There are twelve chapters in Vance's Ci, and each chapter refers to regression. It is cheap to record it by defining its mode, detailing its external absurdity and grasping its truth. Or many varieties, relatively rare; When you turn the pen around, you don't know its source. The trace of the hanging needle is difficult for the system; Charming enough to make waves and soar. Therefore, only by arguing about the reasons can the disease of cream education be cured. There are two books in this book: The Book of Music and the Book of Style, so I will keep them, but I won't broadcast them to the public. Keep it a secret. Don't show it to your friends.
Poor research and printing, saving labor and making it easy, editing fine and specialized, showing the situation. A conscientious scholar can see his merits in February; People without spirituality will know their origin within a hundred days. This theory can be described as a treasure, a treasure, a secret of learning, and it is well-known all over the world. The pen has been cut for a long time, and it is rarely strange. Study hard, test the rules, leave an outline and think hard.
This article first points out that it was written by his son Xue Jing. Learning calligraphy requires not only understanding, but also mastering its laws, so we have written twelve chapters. This chapter points out something, defines its model, details its fallacy and summarizes its reality.
It is not difficult to master seal script, and it makes sense to say that "saving labor is easy to succeed". Although today, the strokes of seal script are complicated and difficult to remember. But as far as pen is concerned, it is simpler than Li, Kai, Cao and Xing.
The ancient introductory book is focused and full of problems, so it is not too difficult to write a good box sealing. But no matter what style you write, you should master some other styles and then specialize in one style, which is bound to "show your strength and potential."
Create the first chapter
Paper-maker's array, author's knife, ink-maker's armor, city of water researchers, capable generals, intelligent lieutenant, strategist's strategy, writer's good or bad luck, visitor's order, machete killing, stippling, indulge in quick success and instant benefit, and author's reconciliation. At the beginning of the book, don't try your best to correct the situation once, twice it is less, three times it looks a little like a book, four times it is supplemented, and five times it is supplemented. If it is raw, it is not convenient to rest. Second line and third line, but it must be smooth and healthy, and it must not be counted.
This article ranks creation as the first, which is quite insightful. Calligraphy art, like other arts, must inherit the tradition and learn from the achievements of predecessors. Of course, the experience of predecessors can be appealed to words, but some problems are difficult to express in words. From their works, we can clearly see that appreciation and analysis alone are not enough. Only by copying can we master the essentials and skills, and we should repeat them repeatedly, twice, thrice, thrice and thrice? Copy, but don't simply pursue the number of times, but aim to achieve "smooth and healthy" proficiency.
Here is a dialectical point of view. Copying must be done for a certain number of times, but it is not enough to have a number of times. It must also meet the requirements of "smoothness" and "painting".
Copying famous works requires savvy and savvy, and ultimately it is necessary to master the brushwork of others. Copying should be done step by step, and each stage should have specific requirements, so as to achieve good results. This method has important reference value for our posting. It must be pointed out here that the first two sentences of this article are different from the words "a general with a heart and a capable lieutenant" in Mrs. Tipen, and also different from the words "make your mind first and then write" in Zhang, a book, which has the saying "skills first". Text creation and text vision are mainly for beginners, so they emphasize mastering statutes and putting skills first, while text title and text comprehension are about creative methods, which are high-level requirements, so they put forward the idea of "writing first" This is the same as modern art education. Basic sketch training requires that the proportion structure of characters must be accurate, but the image needs artistic treatment (including exaggeration) when creating. Before writing, we should be "intentional", deepen the theme and create artistic conception. Obviously, these two requirements are different, but they are both correct and reasonable.
Chapter II Enlightenment Articles
Fu's method of learning calligraphy is to learn ink first, concentrate on it, predict the font size, stiffness, straightness and vibration, and then connect the tendons and veins before writing. If it is straight and similar, it looks like an operator, and it is a whole from top to bottom, and it is flush before and after. This is not a book, but it has its stippling ears. In the past, Yi Song tasted it as a book, but it was scolded by him, so he dared not read it for three years and devoted himself to changing his trajectory. Every time you do a wave, there is often a 30% discount; Every time I do [Left], I often do it in a hidden way; Every horizontal painting is like a row of clouds; Every move is like a bend of a hundred horses; Everything you do is like a stone falling from a dangerous peak; Every time it bends, it twists and turns like a steel hook; Every pull is like a withered vine; Every indulgence is like a rush.
Like snake water, it stirs up Chu waves to be written. Like a dragon, wonderful; Husband and wife are brave when they wander. Swing like lightning, this is a wonderful flight, ups and downs in an instant. Presided over the sonorous, weak encouragement, can make sleepy people gradually feel satisfied; A knowledgeable person is obviously cheerful.
The second point contained in this article is "enlightening the mind". The so-called enlightenment is to ask the author to express his thoughts and intentions in the abstract art of calligraphy, which is a very high requirement. Li Zizi, written by Duke Sui of Jincheng, said: "You should hide your heart with your hands and be clear with your heart", which requires that calligraphy should have artistic conception. On Cai Yong's Writing: "There are images vertically and horizontally". And "image" does not refer to the shape of an image, but refers to some form of spiritual motivation, instead of using the shapes of dots, paintings and characters to surprise a snake, wave a hand and kill a dragon? The physical structure of Chinese characters is very important for beginners. All kinds of fonts have certain characteristics and norms. Calligraphy can't go beyond this norm, but it is not static, but needs to be constantly changed. Moreover, in the process of changing, the basic appearance and overall style of fonts should be consistent, and the distance arrangement of Chinese character stippling must be harmonious and appropriate. The layout of stippling should be carefully studied, and stippling should be loosely and tightly "fitted" in order to be well written, and the words should be written in Fiona Fang Zhou Zheng. The "circle" here refers to the knot. In On Calligraphy, Hu Xiaoshi elaborated the specific meaning of Fiona Fang: "Fiona Fang is the first one to distinguish the words written with a pen. In addition to the appearance, we should also pay attention to Fiona Fang's turning marks: square folding, breaking and re-emergence, compared to the broken hairpin of that year; Round people often change. " To learn calligraphy, we must first know the origin of strokes, the strokes of various calligraphy styles, and the integration of ancient and modern calligraphy, so that "the ancient is not good, and the present has different disadvantages."
Chapter 3 of vision
Depending on the image, the appearance is particularly the same; Looking forward to the situation, the level is interesting. Even stippling, clear distance; Dissemination and research, harmonizing pen and ink; Front fiber exchange, density attached; Fiona Fang Zhou Zheng's iron-pointed silver hook. From the beginning of the pen, what you think, what you lead, will be passed down through the ages. Wise men are proud of the world and deeply infiltrated; A fool without a good flood is like a brocade in the dark dust. Those who know are angry when they are born, and those who learn and realize forget to eat. This is a wonderful thing, updated in New China.
In the golden scroll, skill comes first. Try your best to talk about safety and seek stability. Divide the room into white, flush and even systematic. The size is particularly difficult, the big characters promote the small, the small characters are expensive, and the natural width is clear and appropriate. Cross is positive, such as crossing the river; The vertical is straight, like mushrooms after rain cooling the valley.
The whole structure should be divided into white lines, the lines should be written "flush", the characters should be written "the same system", and the big characters should be raised and lowered, and the small characters should be wide. However, some people hold different views. Bao in Qing Dynasty once said, "The font size of ancient posts is very different, such as the old people taking care of their young grandchildren, whose length is uneven, but their feelings are sincere and painful." (2) The author thinks that both are right. Visual chapter is for scholars to learn seal script, official script and regular script, while Bao talks about cursive script.
If the cursive writing is "flush from top to bottom" and the words are the same size, what is the artistry? If seal script, official script and regular script are different in size, how can they be established? Imagine that the authors of the above two articles are both human beings, and their theories will never have such a big loophole.
Say something. chapter four
Husband's point is as upright as a big stone, or as squatting, or as fighting, or as melon petals, or as chestnuts, as sharp as mouse excrement. Such as this, each has its own instrument, but few and many, scholars all understand.
Chu Zhang Ge fifth.
The method of husband and wife, such as long pine leaning on the valley, seems to be falling, and it seems to start at the corner of a hundred jun, but it is difficult to be poor if you want to do it. Put it like a bow and arrow, and collect it like a tiger fighting Yue Long; Straight as a golden pine in the valley, like fishing with a hook. The gift was cut in Han Yun, but it fell on a cliff. Tianmen leaps, the four seas run rampant, and the five mountains seal Hou. The jade candle is bright, the sun and the moon cover it, the embroidery color is chaotic, and the brocade pattern is turned over.
Shuo and Zhang Chuge describe the form and spirit of Dian Lun and Ge Xing respectively.
Robust chapter 6
The husband bends his feet, bending like a bull's horn bow, "bird", "swallow", "Wei" and "Wu" also. The method of establishing people is like a bird on a pillar, and so is "Wei" and "He". The method of wrist and foot, such as bending the arm of a strong man, "phoenix", "flying", "everything" and "qi" are also examples. A quick painting is like a cloud drawing electricity, and there are also examples of "day", "month", "eye" and "cause". Wrist and foot are swimming, pressing up and burning down, and finally turning, knowing the order and rhyme. Don't let bees waist and knees crane. Indulge to save strength, look at the pen and follow the trend, fall into the line, like a warrior stretching a hook, just facing the enemy. Kirin fights, tiger teeth fights, brave and healthy. If you say so, the book will be a success. The traction is profound and wonderful. At present, we should cheer up, express our will, think critically and keep secrets. The husband bends the right corner, pulls the left slightly, and turns to be the right one. If the waist injury is not slow, you will wake up if you use a pen and go straight down.
After talking about the brushwork of stippling, Robust Chapter puts forward the viewpoint of "knowing the order and rhyme". As far as calligraphy stippling is concerned, there are certain requirements and writing skills, such as avoiding faults such as "bee waist and crane knees". But the part is part after all. The part of a word is well written, but it is not unified as a whole and will eventually fail. After Rodin finished a figure sculpture, he asked the students for their opinions. The students admired the man's hands so much that Rodin took them off. This example shows that the parts must obey the whole, so that the parts can be organically linked and very harmonious. Although the saying that "harmony is beauty" has its limitations, it also has some truth. There is no beauty in disorder. The harmony between the part and the whole is like a movement composed of various syllables, which makes people feel rhythmic. In the process of writing, don't stick to a certain technique, but "take advantage of the pen" and deal with it flexibly. "Potential" is a whole.
Chapter VII Teaching Enlightenment
Where words are drawn, it must not be reversed: the right side is thicker than the left side, the horizontal side is more expensive than the slim one, and the vertical side is more expensive than the thick one. Divide the room into white cloth, the distance should be even, the upper and lower positions should be appropriate, natural and steady. When it is necessary to cover it up, don't expose it alone, revealing its front. Turn it over and check that it is suitable for use.
The chapter on teaching enlightenment is about the strokes and layout of words. A picture in the middle of a word is very important to the whole word, not just to that side; The right side of the left and right vertical pictures is thicker than the left side, and the vertical picture is thicker than the horizontal picture; The structure should be balanced and natural. The whole word can't show its sharpness alone, but should be carefully examined and used. All the above are the experiences summarized by the author from practice, which are still worth learning from today's aesthetic point of view. Of course, any artistic law is relative, but it can't be ignored for beginners.
Chapter VIII Viewing Color
There are several ways to write on her husband's face with a pen, each of which is different. Or there is a Tibetan front, and the Tibetan front is in the abdomen. The writer is short, and the painting is thin and tight. Take the author in and take him out of his stomach. There is another cloud: fortunately, if you make a profit, you can gamble. The author will get along slowly when summing up, and he will definitely start. Participate in the wonderful reason and observe its differences. If the author loses, he will be kind to the pen, depending on its length; Once lost, the right foot will be owed. The rest of the authors are far away, the trend of stopping falling is upward, and it is tight for a long time. I will frown, frown, that is, hold the horn; Yes, it is not good. Write slowly, take what you need, neither long nor short. The author of the war is United, fighting and fighting; Almost, Ye Ye. Slow is not suitable for long and short, and the author becomes a machine, pushing the early stage to make the injury long. Jue, called its beauty. As the case may be, it is the most wonderful thing. Do your best, don't take credit for it. Bring it into the body, dress up, the words are fresh and clean, and the writing style is heavy and heavy. Draw it back when it's all done. Turn to the author first, turn to the pen, always sick. It is also not suitable for a long waist and a short neck. When the author is full of bad deeds, the delay should not be long. Hold the author up, on his abdomen, and don't show his pen. Stop and go and follow the trend, so as not to lose the festival. It hit the breadth of the author. It's not too late to repair the wide and narrow, which is called the shortcut key.
"Zhang Guancai" comes straight to the point: "The method of using a pen on her husband's face is very complicated and different."
"Color observation" is the magical color of the pen, and the movements and strokes in various pens have different forms. This paper specifically discusses the pen moving methods such as hiding the front, profiling, collecting the pen, thinking about the pen, stopping the pen, jumping the pen, taking the pen, turning the pen, overlapping the pen, starting the pen and hitting the pen, and their gains and losses.
Chapter 9 begins
It's hard for my husband to write a word, but when he comes and goes, he will return again and again, and then he will write when he cares. ) should not be late, should not be delayed; The feet should not be on credit, the abdomen should not be lifted, it should not be inclined, it should not be steep, and it should not be used as its corners. The combination of the two words should not be wide and the weight should not be long. Single should not be small, complex should not be big; Dense is better than sparse, short is better than long. Literally, Zhang is a chapter that reveals the beauty of calligraphy. This chapter first discusses the delay, delay, credit and promotion of strokes. The article said: "The combination of the two words should not be wide, but the weight should not be long." This is a common problem for beginners of calligraphy. For example, words such as "weak" and "happy" should not be written too wide, words such as "Yan" and "Lu" should not be written too long, and "single words should not be small, and compound words should not be big". This is also easy to understand. Independent words with few strokes can't be very big on the layout, but the strokes composed of two words are complex combined words. As for the saying at the end of the article that "density is better than sparseness, and short is better than long", it is not entirely true. The book style is mainly sparse, but elegant and light, which can't compete. The short and the long are measured by Wang Xizhi's calligraphy aesthetic standards, because his writing style is short, while Wang Xianzhi's style is different from his father's and his writing style is beautiful.
Chapter 10 system
Husband must follow the correct method when learning books as words. The situation of words should not be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; If it is, it is light-headed and heavy-tailed, and it is incompetent. It is inappropriate to hurt secrets, which are like a plague; Do not stretch. Not suitable for being hurt and sparse, sparse is like a drowning bird; The wound is slow everywhere. A long wound is not desirable, but it is like a dead snake hanging from a tree; Weak waist. Short people should not be hurt, short people are like stepping on a toad. It is also broad-minded. This is a big taboo, but it can be careless!
Calligraphy theory, like other disciplines, is relative and dialectical. Sparse, dense, short and long mentioned in the previous chapter all have a "degree" grasp, and enough is enough. Excessive density is like being tortured by illness and unable to stretch; Too sparse is like a drowning bird; It looks like a dead snake hanging on a tree; Big or small "is like stepping on a toad". Writing must follow these proper "orthodox methods". The situation of calligraphy is limited, so this chapter is named "The Doctrine of the Mean" as a supplementary explanation of the previous chapter. These fully reflect the dialectical thinking of Wang Xizhi and calligraphy theory.
About chapter 1 1
It is great to have a book and a post. Or there is the decoration of the magpie, and the variant is good; Or there is a generation of valleys, putting dragons on paper, and the pens are full of peaks and clouds, such as the complementarity of Wan Jian; Follow the application when you drop the paper, and step on the icing on the cake of Jiangbo. If you are not strict with your fingers, you can't record your heart. I'm doing my job, forgetting to eat and sleep. I've been hanging around for years, and now it's a little unreasonable. At the beginning of Cha Zhang Lun, he said, "It's wonderful to attach a book.". It can be seen that observation and inspection must be carried out by copying the model. The author tells beginners with his own personal experience, "I'm doing my best, forgetting to eat and sleep. I've been hanging around for years, and it's still a little heavy." Only by constantly learning from our predecessors and practicing art can we make progress. "If your fingers are not strict, you can't record your heart." If you don't master the statutes correctly and skillfully, it is impossible to express your feelings with calligraphy.
Just like chapter 12.
There are many ways to learn books. Beginners' books should be similar to books, and the situation should be determined slowly, but there are no rules when you are busy. If you want to use it urgently at present, it is difficult to do it. However, he is fast and healthy in form and quality, and his wrist is light, which does not interfere with Fiona Fang's figure. Don't be busy with small words; Don't show your hair slowly because it is difficult to write big characters. If so, the bones and muscles are different and life and death are mixed. If something is lost, if a beauty's illness is a sight; An out-of-line painting, like a strong man's arm. Give a book "On Music and Yi". This book is a family heirloom. If you learn this, you will naturally achieve it. Don't feel sorry for yourself because it is difficult to learn.
Pi Zhangcheng is the last article of Twelve Chapters, which expounds the success of calligraphy. Calligraphers are required to take their time when writing, and "write slowly." The so-called situation includes the dynamics of each word and the momentum of the whole article. Learning calligraphy can't be quick and quick, but it's hard to get the true meaning of calligraphy, let alone success, if you want to succeed quickly and show off your skills. The shape of words should be frank and clear, and the texture should be vigorous and powerful. Fiona Fang, who uses a pen, should not object to the size of words, but should coordinate with each other. He should not think that small roles are easy, so he is busy pursuing his own posture. Don't think big characters are difficult, so he hesitates and gestures uncomfortable. If the bones and muscles are not well coordinated, failure will be mixed with them, lacking vitality, just like a person suffering from illness. Finally, it is pointed out that we should study hard and practice hard, and "don't feel sorry for yourself when it is difficult."