Many Song people advocated that women should study. Sima Guang: "No one can but learn. Is there a difference between men and women? " Women also explain The Analects of Confucius, The Book of Filial Piety, Biographies of Lienv and Female Commandments. Ye Shi: "Women can be virtuous, with Wen Hui and artistic talent." Xia Zheng: "If a woman is in the boudoir, she knows nothing, but she doesn't know books." If you are, you should be eager to teach your children, especially if you are a woman. Yuan Xie: "The so-called lady, a woman who has a trip to the wise, has a high degree of knowledge, a long career, a fine sense of justice, and does not deviate from the customs. So, the model of the lady is there. Is it just intermediate feedback? Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou also advocated women's reading: "I think books are not only read by men, but also by women." . Reading books to know the ups and downs of ancient and modern times is also a lesson. "Song people even think that women are stupid and incompetent. Sun Yong said: "It is foolish to say that women and girls are committed to leisure and tranquility, but they live in seclusion and know nothing, such as civil dolls. "It can be seen that the concept of women's reading in the Song Dynasty is very different from that in the Ming Dynasty.
Women in Song Dynasty were educated not only at home, but also in private schools. Liu Zai's "Epitaph of Xiang's Ancestral Family" records Xiang's family: "At the age of six, I was deeply impressed by the teachings, female precepts, female biography, and poems from North Korea, Liu, Europe and the Soviet Union." Xiang's parents are unlikely to ask the teacher to teach Xiang alone, and it is very likely that Xiang will go to school. Ye Luo recorded in "A drunkard's sake is not wine": "A quiet woman is after Yan Pinglian's" Zhan Ying ". I was lonely in my early years and loved reading. Mother ordered admission. Ten years old, dabbling in history. " There is no doubt that Jingnv's mother sent Jingnv to school. Wu once recorded in "Notes on Changing Zhai": "Young people share inkstone seats with cousins, and they are elegant and good at words." Youqing and her cousin should go to school together. Zhang wrote in Plum for his lover: "I was a classmate in the same month of the same year." Zhang He was born in the same month of the same year. When he was young, he studied at school together, so he met and fell in love. This undoubtedly shows that many women in Song Dynasty learned from men since childhood. Feng Ming Menglong made up a cautionary story, in which the original note "Le Xiaoshe desperately seeks a spouse" was taken from the Southern Song dialect book "Joy and Harmony", which wrote: "It is said that there was an old family in Lin 'an House in the Southern Song Dynasty, and there was a daughter in Jiang's (Lang's) family, nicknamed Shun Niang and Xiaole, one year old. Two students are studying and laughing at each other. The two young children, whose senses were gradually opening up, were also very happy to hear this, so they got married privately. "It can be seen that schools in the Song Dynasty recruited girls, even coeducated.
Su Xun recorded his beloved daughter, Su Ba Niang, in the preface to a Ziyou: "The girl is young and studious, generous and extraordinary, and often writes gratifying things." Ouyang Xiu recorded Xie Ximeng, a talented woman, in the Preface to Poems of Xie: "Jingshan published more than 100 poems written by his younger brother Xie Ximeng. Meng's words were particularly vague and profound, and he kept his mouth shut. He has the demeanor of an ancient leisurely lady, and he is not a special woman. " Cheng Yi recorded his mother Hou Shi in The Biography of Shanggu County: "My wife is young and knowledgeable, and she will do anything for a woman. She is good at reading history, which is known to all times. " Ceng Gong recorded his wife in "Epitaph of Mrs. Zhou": "My wife loves to study history, loves to write articles, and works tirelessly day and night, like a bachelor's doctor. Seven hundred poems. " Yang Jie recorded Wang Anshi's granddaughter Wu in the Epitaph of Wu, a scholar in the Song Dynasty: "He is good at poetry and books, reading widely and memorizing ancient history." Liu Zai recorded his beloved wife Xiang in the Epitaph of Xiang Family: "At the age of six, he taught me internal rules, female precepts, female biography, and poems of North Korea, Liu, Europe and the Soviet Union. A little success will leave you with nothing to do. Read Sima Gong's Zi Tong Zhi Jian. " Chao recorded Li Zhongwan, a talented woman, in Li's Epitaph: "All books are read, and reading can express one's intention and know a hundred schools of thought, recipes and novels. It's a poem, and it's good to work late. It can also be used in other words, and the book is especially good-looking. " As can be seen from the above, women in the Song Dynasty read widely, not only poems, but also historical books and classics of various philosophers. Wei Tai's recluse poem in Han Dynasty: "There was an official prostitute Wang Yingying in Chuzhou who was good at writing in imitation of Yan Lu style. Cai Xiang returned to the teaching world with brushwork, and he wrote very well in big characters in his later years. Mei presented a poem saying,' Yang Shan women don't learn to wash and dress in big characters. In terms of brushwork, the legend of Lang Sun is wonderful, and he is a male body with a silkworm head. ""Liu Fu's Qing Suo Gao Yi ":"Cao Wenji, today Chang 'an advocates women. Born at the age of four or five, he is good at Chinese characters. There is also logistics, gorgeous, especially calligraphy. As for the place where Luo Qi Window can write, you must write. Thousands of words a day, the person number is' Book Fairy'. The brushwork is the first in Guanzhong. "Young calligraphers appeared in the Song Dynasty. Zhou Mi's raving: "It is composed of Mrs. Hu and her daughter in Shangshu. The soldiers and civilians know it by heart, and books on classics and history can be sung. He is good at writing and poetry, especially at playing the piano, chess and bamboo. Since it was named' Hui Zhai Ju Shi', people have compared it to Yi Lee's Anyun. Li Xianmin's "Zhai Yun Guang Lu": "Yingying is good at singing and dancing, especially at playing the piano and loving words. Emotions are endless, and there are many faces. The strangeness is unique, and the so-called arrogance is brilliant and distant. "In the Song Dynasty, talented women could play the piano, play chess, read books, paint, sing, dance, write poems and articles.
In the Song Dynasty, an unprecedented story appeared. A girl who never came was admitted and became a scholar. Amin poet Yang Shen wrote in Sheng 'an Poetry: "Among the waitresses, Wei Yuan × wife also; Female bachelor, Kong Guiqi also; Girls' school book, Tang Ye; Female Jinshi, Song Niangniang Lin Miaoyu also. " Li Xinchuan's Miscellaneous Notes on the Ruling and Opposition since Yan was founded records: "Since the establishment of the Scout Army Department, there has not been a female candidate. In the summer of the first year of Xichun, Lin Youyu, a girl, asked to be admitted to middle school, and 43 books were read in parallel. In April, Xin You wrote a special letter to the children. The "Lin Miaoyu" recorded by Ming people and "Lin Youyu" recorded by Song people should be the same person. Lin Youyu, a nine-year-old girl, was able to recite 43 classics, passed the examination as a scholar, and was specially named Confucianism, which was not found in other dynasties. Lin Youyu was not the only girl who took the imperial examination in Song Dynasty, but Wu Zhirui, an eight-year-old girl, also took the imperial examination. "Song Yaohui" records: "Young girl, make the Chinese book retake the exam." Unfortunately, due to the resolute opposition of a courtier, it failed to do so. Wu Zhirui successfully passed the initial examination, which proved her excellence. This is enough to show the extraordinary achievements of women's education in Song Dynasty.
Wang Mingqing's Records of Investment and Jurisdiction records that when Song Huizong introduced the object to Zhang Zilong, he particularly emphasized that Deng Maoren's daughter was literate and knowledgeable. Song Huizong said, "Dr TANG's daughter is beautiful and virtuous. She knows the classics and is forbidden from her mother. The maid-in-waiting is Deng Wujing, and I think you should marry her for your sake. " It can be seen that women in Song Dynasty were not only good at reciting poems and writing poems, but also familiar with classics. Song people often praised their sister's literary talent when introducing people.
In the Song Dynasty, men often praised women's talents. Wei Tai's hermit poems in Han Dynasty: "Modern women have many poems, and they often become ancient people. Taking off is pleasant. " Zhang Bangji's "Mo Zhuang Man Lu": "Fortunately, all women are talented. Gong Wu Zhuan: "The assistant minister may have a younger sister who can write poems, which is quite different from what women do. Most of his brush strokes originated in Du Zimei, but he was plain and clean, naked and vulgar, and formed his own family. What I have done in my life. One scholar commented: "In modern times, both Chen Qufei and Lu were in the name of poetry and failed to surpass them." Liu Fu's "Qing Suo Gao Yi": "Jiao Niang, fine print, surnamed Sun, is in the middle of the word. When I hung my bun, I saw Shanyang County. Can sing and dance, learn poetry and talk about elegance, like a gentleman. Married people at the age of 16 know their families, but at the age of 20, they took their ambitions and lived in Fuhuai's room. At that time, famous officials loved to reward. " Sima Guang's Epitaph of Mrs. Su Zhuben: "A woman is gentle enough to reunite her family, and wise enough to reunite her family." Wang Anshi's Epitaph of Wang Jun's Family in Shou 'an County: "My wife likes reading and is good at writing poems. Quiet and professional, diligent and polite. " Chen Liang wrote an inscription in front of Mrs. Ling's grave: "Strong mother is good at reading and knowing nature." Zhou Bida's Epitaph of Mrs. Guo Yi: "Mrs. Guo Yi is intelligent and noble, and the female worker is Confucian. She knows everything from the book." Wang's "Epitaph of Prince Shaobao": "You are smart in clothes, good at reading, and you must admire the career of ancient and modern talents, praise them often, and teach your son." All these show that there is no concept that women are virtuous without talent in Song Dynasty. When Su Dongpo was demoted as a woman next door in Huangzhou, he asked the other party, "You have to study like Dongpo." Women in the Song Dynasty also liked talented men. Zhao Yi commented on the fashion of the Song Dynasty in Yu Yu Cong Kao: "At that time, women all knew how to love talents."
Because women in Song Dynasty were more masters. Therefore, their collections are often engraved, and many poems and articles are not left behind. Many poems of talented women in Song Dynasty are often hidden in the notes and poems of Song people. I have read many poems written by women in the Song Dynasty, but unfortunately some of them have not been absorbed. Let's share a few lucky people first ~