Gold-plated bronze Buddha unearthed from stupa in Liao Dynasty
1 120 years, the Dajin Kingdom established by the Jurchen Ministry came to Yingzhou, Liaoning Province, captured Emperor Tianzuo of the Liao State, and completed the war to destroy Liao. The local ethnic regime established by the northern Jurchen nationality in China replaced the local ethnic regime established by the Qidan nationality. After Shen Zhou returned to Jin, it still retained the name and organizational system of Shen Zhou, and reduced the neighboring Guangzhou, Liaozhou, Zhou Shuang and Xingzhou to four counties: Zhangyi, Liao Bin, Shuangcheng and Shoulou. Together with the original Lejiao * * * five counties, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Shen Zhou, with squares in the city and cooperatives in the village, with a population of180,000, making it the second largest city in the northeast of Jin Dynasty. During the Liao and Jin Dynasties, there were many wars between North China and the Central Plains, but Liaodong achieved a relatively stable situation for more than 200 years, which made Shen Zhou's economic development, urban prosperity and culture constantly improve, and laid its historical position in the Northeast. Especially on the banks of the Hunhe River in northern Liaoning, the transportation hub, the official and commercial post station, and the important exchanges between Song, Liao and Jin, some historical celebrities have left traces here. In the fourth year of Xuanhe in Song Huizong and the sixth year of Tianfu (1 122), Xu, the envoy of the Song Dynasty, was ordered to go to Beijing (now Acheng, Heilongjiang Province) and stayed at the official guest house "Lejiao Pavilion" at that time.
Five years later, in the fifth year of Tianhui (1 127), two emperors, Song Huizong Evonne and Song Qinzong Zhao Huan, who were captured by Jin Jun, were escorted back to Beijing. In April of that year, they also crossed the Liaohe River to stay in Lejiao Pavilion in Shen Zhou, and stayed for a few days before continuing northward.
These developments and changes are reflected in the works of Liao and Jin literati. Wang Ji, the author of "Tune the Ancient China", wrote 75 poems in the process of completing the tour of Liaodong Brigade, all of which are reflections on Liaodong land and its historical life. There are many poems sung to Shen Zhou, including Crossing Liao, Crossing Liao Boat and Drinking, A Life of Qingyun Pisces, and a poem wishing it well. Such as "Crossing Liao"-
My river is watching Xianping, and it will take another half month for the birds to swim.
Far away in Liaoyang, not to mention that Liao has gone eastward.
Wang Ji is a native of Yutian, Jizhou, and belongs to Heshuo area outside the Yellow River. He crossed the Liaohe River from Shenzhou to Xianping, which belongs to Jinglu Road, and was ruled by the government in Pingguo County, which is now Kaiyuan County of Tieling City, just across the Liaohe River. But if you look at Xianping from the river, it will be far away, and the birds in the sky will probably fly for half a month! When I was in Heshuo, I felt Liaoyang was far away. Today, in Shen Zhou, you have to cross Liao and move eastward. He thinks this is really an unimaginable trip in the past! The language of the poem is simple and natural, but the plain narration reveals a heartfelt sigh for the vast world of Liaodong Shen Zhou.
Wang Ji: Drinking while crossing Liao.
During the Liao and Jin Dynasties, the Liao-Shen River was very wide, and it was difficult to build a bridge on the river because of the construction technology at that time. The boat is a necessary thing to cross the river, so it was often the object of literati chanting at that time. Wang Ji's "Drinking on a Liao Boat" is such a poem-
A good meeting will be a second success, and a relaxed group will speak highly of it.
Lift must be sentenced to yushan fall, dip in armor and ignore gold.
Sunset clouds, fishtail red, oblique wind rolling water.
I'm still worried about the river, and it's a thousand miles away to close it.
Judging from the scenes and emotions described in the poems, it has become fashionable and elegant to raise a glass when crossing the Liao River and sinking. It is enough to prove that its material and cultural life is close to Jiangnan or the Central Plains.
In Wang Ji's poem, I first wrote a conversation with a friend, which was very unusual. It felt like "a thousand glasses of wine are few". At this time, the fish in the middle reaches of the lonely river are as bright as the tail, and the breeze blows over the river to roll up the waves, which is better than the wheat waves. Such a beautiful time is worth nostalgia. Leaving the Liaohe River, I am afraid it can only be a bright moon thousands of miles away. Wang Ji was a great poet in Jin Dynasty. Judging from this poem, it is true that there is a picture in the poem, a poem in the picture, and the realm comes out with emotion. Today, if you read it again, you can still feel the amorous feelings of the Liao Dynasty in China.
The poetic meaning of "crossing Liao boat to drink"
Ji Wang: Qingyun was ordered by Pisces to send a poem to the center of Liaohe River to wish him well.
Wang Ji also wrote a poem in Shenzhou. Nowadays, reading is more valuable. This is "Qingyun was ordered by Pisces to send a poem to Liaohe to wish it"—
I mourned the morning meal and sent a torrent to Dongcheng.
When you are hungry, you must control your mouth and don't be greedy for bait.
Qingyun, the county name of Liao Dynasty, is under the jurisdiction of Qi State in Liao Dynasty and belongs to the boundary of Shenzhou. The site is located in Xiaotazi Village, Qijiatun, southeast of Kangping County. This poem is about Wang Ji's arrival in Qingyun. The hospitable host caught two live fish and sent them to make a breakfast. When he saw two fish spitting at each other, he remembered Zhuangzi's famous saying and felt pity. (Zhuangzi Tian Yun) said, "When spring is dry, the fish is on the ground, wet and wet. If you don't forget the rivers and lakes. " It is said that the spring dried up and the fish spit and wet each other. Later, it was used to describe people helping each other in the same predicament. ) Wang Ji sent someone to put the two fish back to Liaohe River and warned himself with a poem: "When you go there, you must keep your mouth shut and don't covet bait." 1989, when the poet ding xiaoweng selected this poem in "Three Seas Ancient Poems", he once said: "Although this little poem is a play, it shows true feelings with wishes. The poem "Don't be greedy for bait" is profound in philosophy and thought-provoking. Poetry is literally written about fish, but it is actually used to explain and persuade the world not to be greedy and cheap. " It should be said that this analysis is quite weighty, and "integrating reason with emotion" has improved the reading value of the works. However, I would like to add that this poem, written more than 800 years ago, earlier revealed the ancient China literati's emphasis on ecology and environment, and they have taken more conscious practical actions. Please pay attention to several key words: "Give my life", "May it" and "Mourning". A court official in Jin Dynasty "mentioned Liaodong Taoist supervisor". When he saw Pisces, his first thought was a living life. At that time, there was no wildlife protection law, but poets instinctively respected life, or they already had it. The word "make a wish" just shows that Ji Wang attaches importance to this kind of behavior, and their "making a wish with poetry" has become a propaganda for this kind of behavior to protect ecological balance. All this happened in the Jin Dynasty more than 800 years ago. How precious! How awesome!
I am proud of Shenyang's conscious behavior of maintaining ecological balance more than 800 years ago and its poems advocating this behavior!
Today's scenery of Wolong Lake in Kangping
Poetic picture of Liaodong
Zhao Bingwen: The natural environment of Qingyun Road has not been destroyed, and the scene given to mankind is magnificent, which is reflected in Zhao Bingwen's poem "Qingyun Road in China" in the Jin Dynasty.
The other side is separated by green hills and the lonely city is blue.
The sky is covered with green weeds, and Bai Niao comes back every day.
The ferry is in a hurry, and the sand head immediately urges it.
Evening smoke is very popular, so I want to come to customer service.
"Houyi Yuetu" (unearthed from Liao Tomb No.7 Yemaotai, Faku County)
Zhao Bingwen is one of the important writers in Jin Dynasty, and he is also the first idle man. Fuyang, Cizhou (now Cixian County, Hebei Province), was a scholar in Dading years of Jin Shizong. He has served as a bachelor, a secretariat of Yongbyon State, a secretariat of Pingding State, and a history of the Ministry of Rites. Poetry and calligraphy works, including The Story of Resurrection. During his tenure in Liaodong, wherever he went, there were poems. For example, Xiong Yue wrote "Looking at the Sea on Lian Fang Island" and Xingcheng wrote "Peach Blossom Island belongs to Wang Boxuan".
This "Qingyun Road" reproduces the spectacular scenery of Kangping County more than 800 years ago. When the poet called the boatman at the ferry at dusk, he completed the construction of the territory by sketching moving pictures. The first four sentences, with calm language, show a picture of green hills, blue waves, green grass and Bai Niao, which is quiet and refreshing. The last four sentences describe the feelings of passers-by (lyric heroes) who are eager to cross the river when the "evening smoke" is about to go up. The scene is very vivid.