China's first prime minister, Guan Zhong, whose name is Yiwu and whose courtesy name is Zhong, is also known as Guan Jingzhong. The king of Zhou was born in Yingshang (on the shore of Yingshui River) after the surname Ji of the same clan. An outstanding politician, famous strategist, and military reformer in the Spring and Autumn Period, he assisted Duke Huan of Qi to become the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period with his outstanding strategies. Guan Zhong's remarks can be found in Guoyu Qiyu. There is also a book "Guanzi" handed down from generation to generation. Famous Prime Ministers of the Qin Dynasty Li Si Li Si was a famous politician, writer and calligrapher in the Qin Dynasty. When he was young, he first worked as a minor official in the countryside managing documents. Later, he studied with Xun Qing and served as a court official. During the reign of Qin Shihuang, Li Si was appointed prime minister for his outstanding political foresight and outstanding talents. Li Si advocated using Xiaozhuan as the standard calligraphy style. Small seal script, also known as Qin seal script, is the symmetry of large seal script. It gives people a feeling of hardness and softness, roundness and strength, and plays a great role in the standardization of Chinese characters. The emergence of Xiaozhuan is a great progress in the history of the development of Chinese characters. According to "Taiping Guangji" quoted from "Mengtian Bi Jing", it was compiled by Li Si, a native of Shangcai in Chu State. Shang Yang, the famous Prime Minister of Qin State, was a politician during the Warring States Period and a famous representative of Legalism. The descendants of the king of Wei were the Gongsun family, so they were called Wei Yang, also known as Gongsun Yang. They were later granted the title of Shang, and later generations called them Shang Yang. After reigning for 19 years, the Qin State was in great power, known as Shang Yang's Reform in history. Li Si, a famous prime minister of the Qin Dynasty, was born in Shangcai, Chu State during the Warring States Period. He was a disciple of the famous thinker Xun Qing. Later, he assisted Qin Shihuang to unify China. He rose to the rank of prime minister and established the system of prefectures and counties for Qin Shihuang. He ordered the burning of books and the entrapment of Confucian scholars, and the use of Xiaozhuan as the standard to unify writing. After the death of Qin Shihuang, Li Si followed Zhao Gao's plot and forged an edict to kill Prince Fusu and establish Hu Hai. After Qin II succeeded to the throne, Zhao Gao took power and accused Li Si of treason. Li Si was beheaded in Xianyang and the three tribes were wiped out. Xiao He, the founding prime minister of the Western Han Dynasty, was the prime minister in the early years of the Han Dynasty. Posthumously named "Wen Zhonghou", he was the first of the three heroes of the early Han Dynasty and assisted Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, in establishing the Han government. Whether during the war or during the restoration period of the early Han Dynasty, he showed the demeanor and governance skills of an outstanding statesman in ancient China, and has been praised by people for thousands of years. Chen Ping, a famous prime minister in the early Han Dynasty, was the founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty. A native of Yangwu in the Western Han Dynasty (now southeast of Yuanyang, Henan, central China). When he was young, his family was poor, but he was fond of Huang Lao's skills and had great ambitions. After the uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang at the end of Qin Dynasty, he went to Wei Wang Jiu. Soon he was slandered and returned to Xiang Yu, and followed him into the pass to defeat Qin. When Liu Bang established the Three Qin Dynasty, he returned to the Han Dynasty and served as a lieutenant in the guard army. He successively participated in the Chu-Han War and quelled the rebellions of princes and kings with different surnames, and became Liu Bang's important counselor. He once suggested using counterintuitive tactics to alienate Xiang Yu's ministers, causing Xiang Yu's important adviser Fan Zeng to die of illness due to worry and anger. Famous Prime Minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty Cao Cao Cao Cao, whose courtesy name is Mengde and whose nickname is Ah Ma, is Han nationality and a native of Qiao County, Peiguo (now Bozhou, Anhui). A famous politician, strategist and poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The founder and main founder of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms was originally the prime minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty and later the king of Wei. After his son Cao Pi became emperor, he was honored as Emperor Wu of Wei. Throughout his life, Cao Cao conquered all directions in the name of the Prime Minister of the Han Dynasty and made significant contributions to the unification of the Central Plains. At the same time, he cultivated farmland extensively in the north and built water conservancy projects, which played a certain role in the restoration of agricultural production at that time. Cao Cao was proficient in the art of war and wrote books such as "Sun Tzu's Brief Interpretation", "The Art of War" and "Meng De's New Book". Famous Prime Minister of the Shu Han Dynasty Zhuge Liang Kongming was born in Yangdu, Langxie (now south of Yinan County, Shandong Province). Politician and military strategist of the Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms. Due to the recommendations of Sima Hui and Xu Shu, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times. Zhuge Liang proposed to Liu Bei the idea of ??occupying Jingzhou and Yizhou (most of today's Sichuan and part of Hubei), seeking support from all ethnic groups in the southwest, uniting with Sun Wu, fighting against Cao Wei, and then unifying the world. . Zhuge Liang was cautious throughout his life and was "good at ingenuity". He innovated the repeating crossbow, which could fire ten arrows at the same time; he also created the "wooden cow and flowing horse", which was conducive to mountain transportation. His works include "The Collection of Zhuge Liang". Fang Xuanling, a famous prime minister in the early Tang Dynasty. The name is Qiao and the courtesy name is Xuanling. A native of Linzi, Qizhou (now northeast of Zibo, Shandong). Xuanling was well-read in classics and history, and was good at writing and writing. When he was eighteen years old, he was promoted to Jinshi in his state and awarded the title of Yuqiwei. During the chaos at the end of the Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan led his troops into the Pass, and Xuanling surrendered to Li Shimin in Weibei. He went on many expeditions from the King of Qin to advise and manage the affairs of state. He worked closely with his advisers and powerful generals, forcing them to do their best. He and Du Ruhui were the most effective counselors of the King of Qin. The brothers of the King of Qin competed for the throne. Prince Jiancheng slandered him and Ruhui in front of Emperor Gaozu, and they were both expelled from the Prince of Qin's palace. The famous prime minister of the former Qin Dynasty Wang Meng was born in Ju County, Beihai (now southeast of Shouguang, Shandong Province). He was a minister of the former Qin Dynasty during the Sixteen Kingdoms period and an outstanding politician, strategist and commander. The prime minister of the former Qin state in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was born into a poor family and initially made a living by selling dustpans with a lot of knowledge; later he met Fu Jian, the king of the East China Sea, and assisted Fu Jian in his efforts to conquer Jingzhou, capture Li Yan, cut Fu Liu, capture Luoyang, and destroy Qian Yan, creating great achievements.
Some historians commented that he was superior to Zhuge Liang in both martial arts and civil affairs. Fang Xuanling, a famous prime minister in the early Tang Dynasty. A native of Linzi, Qizhou (now northeast of Zibo, Shandong). Xuanling was well-read in classics and history, and was good at writing and writing. When he was 18 years old, he was promoted to Jinshi in his state and was awarded the titles of Yuqiwei and Xichengwei successively. During the chaos at the end of the Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan led his troops into the Pass. Xuanling surrendered to Li Shimin in Weibei. He went on many expeditions with the King of Qin, served as a counselor and secretary, and served as the secretary of the King of Qin's palace. Every time a place was conquered, others were vying for treasures, but he was the first to recruit talents for the King of Qin and the shogunate. In February of the third year of Zhenguan (629), he became Shangshu Zuopushe and supervised the compilation of national history. In the eleventh year, he was granted the title of Duke of Liang. Together with Du Ruhui and Wei Zheng, he was an important assistant to Emperor Taizong. In July of the 16th year, Sikong ascended the throne and still managed the affairs of the state. He was ordered to rewrite the Book of Jin. When Taizong conquered Goguryeo, he stayed in the capital. Died of illness in twenty-two years. Wei Zheng, a famous prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Xuancheng, was born in Guantao (now part of Hebei Province). He lost his parents when he was young and his family was poor. However, he loved reading and ignored his family business. He once became a Taoist priest. In the first year of Zhenguan (837), Wei Zheng was promoted to Minister Zuocheng. In the sixteenth year of Zhenguan (642), Wei Zheng fell ill and was bedridden. The envoy sent by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to visit him met across the road. Wei Zheng was frugal all his life and had no proper place to sleep at home. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty immediately ordered that all the materials used to build a small hall for himself be used to build a big house for Wei Zheng. Soon, Wei Zheng died of illness. Kou Zhun, the famous Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty who fought against the Liao Dynasty, was born in Xiagui, Huazhou (now Xiaji Town, Linwei District). Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty served as prime minister for three times. He was named Lai Guogong and posthumously named Zhongmin. He was a famous patriotic politician. Kou Zhun became a Jinshi during the Taiping and Xingguo reign of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty. He was an upright person, and because of his many direct advices, he was highly valued by Taizong. He was promoted to a bachelor of the Privy Council, judged the Ministry of Personnel, and participated in political affairs. Taizong tried to compare with Wei Zheng. Kou Zhun was an upright and honest official, and enjoyed a high reputation among the people of the Central Plains. He was even deeply admired by the Liao State. During his decades of official career, Kou Zhun rose to the position of prime minister in charge of the country, but he did not build a private residence for himself. Famous Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty Wang Anshi was a reformer, thinker and writer in the Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is Jiefu and the nickname is Banshan. A native of Linchuan, Jiangxi (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi), he is known as Mr. Linchuan in the world. In the second year of Qingli (1042), he ranked fourth in Jinshi. He served as a local magistrate for many years. Wang Anshi believes that the root cause of social impoverishment in the Song Dynasty lies in mergers. Therefore, in the Wanyan letter written by Zhao Zhen, Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty in the third year of Jiayou (1058), he called for a comprehensive reform of the laws since the early Song Dynasty, to reverse the situation of poverty and weakness, and to immediately implement the reform of the laws. Famous Prime Minister of the Yuan Dynasty Yelu Chucai was a famous politician in the Yuan Dynasty and an important minister in the three dynasties. The courtesy name is Jinqing and the nickname is Zhanran Jushi. Khitan tribe. Descendants of the Liao royal family. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Jin Dynasty, he served as Wailang, a member of the left and right department. He surrendered to Mongolia in 1215 and accompanied Genghis Khan on his western expedition, where he practiced horoscopes and medicine. After Tuo Lei Jianguo and Wokuotai ascended the throne, they became increasingly important. In 1218, Yelu Chucai joined the army and participated in politics with Genghis Khan, and he reached the rank of Zhongshu Ling (prime minister). In 1231, Bi Chichang (called Zhongshu Ling or Zhongshu Shilang by Han people), who was in charge of Chinese characters, proposed a series of policies and measures that were beneficial to the economic development of the Central Plains in terms of politics, economy, and culture. Zhang Juzheng, the famous prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, had the courtesy name Shuda, the nickname Taiyue, and the posthumous title "Wenzhong". He was born in Caoshi, Jiangling. After his death, his body was ceremoniously buried outside the east gate of Jiangling City. The world called him "Zhang Jiangling" ". During his tenure as an official, he boldly carried out reforms in all aspects of politics, economy, and military, which brought stability to the country, economic development, and a period of prosperity and prosperity. Famous prime minister in the Qing Dynasty Zeng Guofan, courtesy name Boyhan, nickname Disheng, formerly known as Zicheng, and his given name was passed down to Henan. He was a native of Heyetang, Xiangxiang County (now Shuangfeng Heye Township) in the Qing Dynasty. At the age of 23, he was selected as a scholar, and at the age of 24, he entered Yuelu Academy and passed the examination. In the 18th year of Daoguang (1838), he ranked 42nd among the top three in the palace examination. He was granted the same background as a Jinshi. He entered the Hanlin Academy, studied Zhu Neo-Confucianism from Wo Ren and others, and successively served as He was a concubine of the Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of ministers, and a minister of the Wenyuan Pavilion. He was later promoted to a bachelor of the cabinet and the minister of the Ministry of Rites, and was promoted to the right minister of the Ministry of Rites and the left minister of the Ministry of War. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), Xiangyong trained more than 17,000 soldiers in both land and water armies, becoming an important pillar in suppressing the Taiping Army and maintaining the rule of the Qing Dynasty.