Respondents: meisongwei-Assistant Grade 2 3-22 12:16
Deng Jiaxian 1. A native of Huaining County, Anhui Province, party member, a national model worker. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Deng Jiaxian graduated from The National SouthWest Associated University and joined the "People's Youth", the peripheral organization of the * * * production party, in Kunming, and devoted himself to the struggle for democracy and against the Kuomintang's traitorous dictatorship. The following year, he returned to Peiping, where he was employed as a teaching assistant in the Department of Physics of Peking University, and served as the chairman of the faculty union of Peking University in the student movement. With the ambition of learning more skills to build a new China, he passed the postgraduate examination in the United States in 1947 and entered the graduate school of Purdue University in Indiana in the following autumn. Because of his outstanding academic achievements, he read all the credits in less than two years and passed the doctoral thesis defense. At this time, he was only 26 years old and was called "Dr. Doll".
in August p>195, nine days after receiving his doctorate in the United States, Deng Jiaxian declined to be retained by his mentor and friends at the same school and decided to return to China. In October of the same year, Deng Jiaxian came to the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences as a researcher. In the following eight years, he studied China's nuclear theory, served as the head of the theoretical design of the atomic bomb, and solved the key problem of the success or failure of China's atomic bomb test. Mathematician Hua Luogeng later said that this is the result of "a collection of mathematical problems in the world". Deng Jiaxian not only worked hard in secret scientific research institutes, but also often went to the Gobi proving ground where sand and stones were flying. In October 1964, China successfully exploded the first atomic bomb, and it was he who finally signed the design scheme. He also led the researchers to quickly enter the explosion site to take samples after the test to confirm the effect. He joined Yu Min and others in the study of hydrogen bombs. According to the "Deng-Yu plan", the hydrogen bomb was finally made, and it was successfully tested two years and eight months after the atomic bomb exploded. Compared with France's eight years, the United States' seven years and the Soviet Union's four years, this has created the fastest speed in the world.
in p>1979, Deng Jiaxian became the president of the Nuclear Weapons Research Institute. In 1984, deep in the desert, he successfully conducted the second generation of new nuclear weapons tests in China. The following year, his cancer spread could not be saved, and his request on National Day was to visit Tiananmen Square. On July 16th, 1986, Li Peng, then Vice Premier of the State Council, went to the hospital and awarded him the National May 1st Labor Medal. On July 29th, 1986, Deng Jiaxian died of illness.
2. Deng Jiaxian:
Deng Jiaxian, the "father of two bombs", made outstanding contributions to the development of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs in China. He has been willing to be an unsung hero for a long time, and has integrated his youth into the "iron backbone" of China's nuclear defense forces.
in p>195, at the age of 26, Deng Jiaxian received a doctorate in physics in the United States. He returned from overseas with the most advanced knowledge of physics at that time to serve the motherland. At the end of 195s, Deng Jiaxian "disappeared" from the forum of physics, and his figure flashed in the front line of nuclear weapons development: he participated in the construction of research institutes in the sorghum fields outside Beijing, bumped on the dirt road of Lop Nur National Test Site, and commanded the development of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs in the mountainous areas covered with clouds and fog. Deng Jiaxian worked hard for the development of nuclear weapons in China for 28 years, and made great contributions from the breakthrough and test success of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs and their weaponization to the major breakthrough and development and test of new nuclear weapons, and made outstanding contributions to the successful test of the first atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb in China. Deng Jiaxian has won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award, the special prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and the honorary title of "National Model Worker".
In p>1986, Deng Jiaxian was killed by cancer. In the last month of his life, his 28-year secret experience was revealed, and the reputation of "Two Bomb Founders" began to spread. (Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 3th)
People's Daily, August 31st, 1999, 4th edition
Zhang Aiping and Deng Jiaxian
Oriental Crane
Deng Jiaxian was ill and needed an operation. Zhang Aiping, 75, rushed to the hospital at 8 o'clock. Since the operation began, he waited outside the operating room until the operation was over.
Zhang Aiping said: You scientists are the wealth of the country. It is our responsibility and our wish to ensure your health.
One day in early August, 1985, Deng Jiaxian, president of the Ninth Hospital, made a special trip from Mianyang to Beijing to report on the reconstruction of the Ninth Hospital to Zhang Aiping and relevant leaders.
Zhang Aiping was a little surprised when he saw Deng Jiaxian: "Why have you lost weight? The color is not very good. "
"No, nothing has changed!" Deng Jiaxian knew that Zhang Aiping didn't usually meet and say hello. From his look, I feel that he is really concerned from his personality. The people around him didn't talk about his changes in this respect, and they didn't feel it themselves.
Zhang Aiping still asked seriously, "How have you been recently? Is there anything wrong? "
Deng Jiaxian said, "Nothing else, just hemorrhoids, always bleeding, which is really annoying."
"Have you been examined and treated?"
"I just did general treatment, but I didn't do any examination."
"Then go to 31 (hospital) and have a good check-up. I'll contact you. " Zhang Aiping said, and called the dean of the 31 hospital, explained Deng Jiaxian's illness, and specifically told him to have a comprehensive inspection. When the other party asked when, Zhang Aiping said, "Now, go now!"
"no, no!" Deng Jiaxian quickly declined, "I haven't reported my work yet!"
Zhang Aiping asked, "Are there any urgent problems to be solved?"
Deng Jiaxian said, "No."
Zhang Aiping said, "No, I'm going now. I will go with you. "
"No, no, no!" Deng Jiaxian almost panicked. He knew that Zhang Aiping, as Deputy Secretary-General of the Military Commission and Minister of National Defense, had many important things waiting for him to do every day. Moreover, he is precious as gold, and he is already an old general in seventy years of age. How can he accompany himself to check the disease? So I refused again and again.
Zhang Aiping has picked up his cane: "Come on, take my car. We can talk about your situation on the way. "
Deng Jiaxian had to obey.
Deng Jiaxian, a famous nuclear physicist, has received a doctorate in physics from Purdue University in the United States. Because of his youth, intelligence, integrity and simplicity, he is known as Dr. Doll and Doll Scientist in the scientific community. In 1958, when the only nuclear weapons research institute in China was just established, he was transferred to be the director of the theoretical department, responsible for leading the theoretical design of nuclear weapons and carrying out basic theoretical research on detonation physics, fluid mechanics, equation of state, neutron transport, etc., and made a lot of simulation calculations and analysis on the physical process of atomic bombs, which took the first step for China to independently study nuclear weapons; Leaders drafted the theoretical scheme of China's first atomic bomb and participated in guiding the detonation simulation test before the nuclear test; He made outstanding contributions to the success of China's first atomic bomb test; Then, together with his colleagues, he overcame many difficulties and technical difficulties and successfully exploded the first hydrogen bomb, which made indelible contributions to breaking the nuclear monopoly of superpowers, strengthening national defense forces and safeguarding world peace. After serving as the president of the Ninth Research Institute, he devoted himself to the improvement and development of nuclear weapons. He respects science, seeks truth from facts, and acts in strict accordance with scientific laws. From theoretical design, processing and assembly, experimental testing to stereotyped production, he always tries his best to go deep into the front line to investigate and understand the situation. When he encounters major problems, he will command and deal with them in person. He often appears in the most dangerous positions at critical moments, regardless of personal safety, which fully embodies the lofty dedication of taking the lead, being selfless and taking risks.
When Zhang Aiping visited the Ninth Hospital two years ago, he had stipulated that scientists should insist on physical examination every year. Adhere to the vacation system. However, Deng Jiaxian always arranged for others to go, and he always devoted himself to the construction and scientific research of the Ninth Hospital. He is one of the founders and pioneers of China's theoretical research on nuclear weapons, and one of the main technical leaders of China's research and development of nuclear weapons.
Hospital leaders and doctors, seeing that Zhang Aiping personally accompanied a patient to check up, have already felt the weight of this patient. But Zhang Aiping made a solemn introduction to them: "This is our meritorious scientist!"
According to the routine examination, it takes one week to see the results only by biopsy, and the results come out in 2 minutes because Zhang Aiping is standing by.
The result is shocking: rectal cancer, which is late in the middle stage, has lymph nodes and surrounding tissues metastasis.
Zhang Aiping instructed hospital leaders to arrange hospitalization immediately, organize a medical team specially for Comrade Deng Jiaxian, and work out a treatment plan as soon as possible. I will listen to your plan report.
why didn't you find it earlier? How can some incurable diseases specifically harm our best comrades? It seems that the system of timely physical examination of experts has not been well implemented. Zhang Aiping has been thinking about these problems since he came out of the hospital. After returning to the office, I personally called the relevant leaders of the Science, Technology and Industry Committee and gave clear instructions: we should quickly check the implementation of the expert physical examination system and the rest and recuperation system, and those who did not have a physical examination this year should make up the investigation immediately; Those who have not rested and recuperated should organize recuperation. Report to me if you have any difficulties. We can't make any more mistakes on this issue!
Three years ago, Zhang Aiping publicly criticized himself several times with deep feelings: for a long time, we have not paid enough attention to the health of scientific and technological personnel. I should bear the main responsibility ...
The reason why Zhang Aiping blames himself this time is the death of young scientist Luo Jianfu. In October, 1982, Luo Jianfu, an engineer of Lishan Microelectronics Company of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, died at the age of 47, because he devoted himself to his career, suffering from cancer and still stuck to his job.
Zhang Aiping was deeply sorry and distressed when he learned the bad news, but at the same time, he felt responsible for not caring enough about the researchers. At the conference on studying Comrade Luo Jianfu's report organized by the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, he publicly took responsibility and made self-criticism. After the meeting, he also wrote a poem in memory of Comrade Luo Jianfu:
The Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense studied Comrade Luo Jianfu's report
Yellow water flow,
Wei water flow,
flow to Tongguan Nutao Road.
the pentium is fading.
the past is thick,
state affairs are thick,
breaking the danger and forgetting the spring and autumn.
pay for the people.
He instructed the National Defense Working Committee and the Ministry of National Defense Industry to carry out extensive and in-depth activities to learn from Comrade Luo Jianfu, and made a decision to care for intellectuals. He called on leaders at all levels to seriously and timely solve the practical problems of the vast number of scientific researchers, and clearly stipulated that they should have regular physical examinations, do regular health and epidemic prevention work, adhere to the vacation system, and make special arrangements under special circumstances.
In the course of learning from Luo Jianfu and implementing relevant regulations on caring for intellectuals, I found Zhang Tongxing, deputy director and chief engineer of the nuclear parts processing plant of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, who works in the Northwest Nuclear Test Base. He has been working selflessly in the front line of research and production in the nuclear industry for more than 2 years, and has made outstanding contributions to the development of the nuclear cause of the motherland. In 1979, he was rated as a national model worker, suffering from stomach cancer from overwork, and still fighting in his post, and was known as the living Luo Jianfu.
after receiving this report, Zhang Aiping immediately instructed the commission of science, technology and industry to take him to Beijing quickly and arrange for him to be treated in 31 hospital. Zhang Aiping visited him in the hospital three times. When Zhang Tongxing was relatively stable and ready to return, Zhang Aiping went to see him off again. Zhang Tongxing was very moved and said, "I am an ordinary scientific and technological worker, and I am deeply disturbed that I have involved so much energy from the head of the Central Military Commission."
Zhang Aiping said: You scientists are the wealth of the country. It is our responsibility and our wish to ensure your health.
however, reality often does not follow people's wishes. He never imagined that Deng Jiaxian, a founding father of two bombs, suffered from this insurmountable evil disease.
Zhang Aiping calls several times a day to ask about Deng Jiaxian. I personally participated in the research on the surgical plan, and reviewed the anesthesia, blood transfusion, the surgeon and the postoperative intensive care. I also specially spoke to the medical staff who participated in the operation in Deng Jiaxian: On behalf of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, I hope that you, too, will do your best, strive for perfection and do this operation carefully for Comrade Jia Xian. We should treat this operation as a tough battle, and it can only succeed, not fail. I believe you will succeed! Please, everyone! Thank you!
At 8: 3 on August 9th, the operation on Deng Jiaxian began.
Zhang Aiping, 75, rushed to the hospital at 8 o'clock and made a careful inquiry about the preoperative situation. From the beginning of the operation, he waited outside the operating room until the operation was over.
The operation was successful, all the lesions were removed, and Deng Jiaxian's mental state was still good. Zhang Aiping was a little comforted. The chief physician reported to him that the next step was chemotherapy before he could judge whether he could recover. Zhang Aiping once again exhorted: We must try our best to alleviate his pain and do everything possible to treat him. If you have any difficulties and situations, please report them to us in time. For his recovery, we do whatever it takes.
Since then, the hospital has adopted the method of "illness report" on Deng Jiaxian's illness, and reported it to relevant heads and units irregularly and timely. On August 24th, Zhang Aiping received the first issue of "Deng Jiaxian's Disease Report" that day, saying that there was cancer cell metastasis and she was ready for chemotherapy. Zhang Aiping instructed in this issue of the disease newspaper:
Please invite the leaders of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (Comrade Guangya) and the leading comrades of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry to visit respectively. More comfort and care should be given to themselves and their families. The Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and the Ministry of Nuclear Industry should designate special personnel to contact Mrs. Deng and the hospital at any time.
The Party Central Committee, the State Council, the Central Military Commission and relevant organizations are very concerned about Deng Jiaxian's illness. The leaders and medical staff of 31 Hospital did their best, but in the end, they failed to retain this great scientist with outstanding achievements. He passed away on July 29, 1986, at the age of 62.
On July 3th, Zhang Aiping, who was away from home, received a fax report from the Secretariat of the General Office of the State Council on Deng Jiaxian's death and arranged the aftermath. He was deeply saddened and immediately instructed in the telegram: Please call me if you decide who will attend the memorial service. I went back to Beijing today.
On the afternoon of August 3rd, a memorial service was held in the auditorium of Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery. According to the decision of the Central Committee, Zhang Aiping delivered a eulogy.
Xinhua News Agency issued a power-on feature for this purpose. On August 4th, the title of the overseas edition of People's Daily was:
Deng Jiaxian, the founding father of China's two bombs, passed away
Party and state leaders deeply mourned
At the same time, Zhang Aiping's eulogy was published. The eyebrow inscription is: Zhang Aiping said that Deng Jiaxian's fame will go down in history forever. The topic is: selfless and fearless dedication, lifelong efforts and painstaking efforts to establish a memorial service for national defense honours
, Zhang Aiping wrote a elegy full of grief:
Mourning China's outstanding