Li Bai's ancestral home is Ji Cheng (now Jingning County, Gansu Province). At the end of Sui Dynasty, he moved to Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (now near tokmak in northern Kyrgyzstan), where Li Bai was born. He spent most of his life roaming. At the age of five, his family moved to Zhangming County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou, Sichuan). At the age of twenty, he left Sichuan alone and began to wander widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, and living in Anlu (now Anlu City, Hubei Province). He traveled around, hoping to make friends and pay homage to celebrities, so as to get an introduction, climb high in one fell swoop and realize his political ideals and ambitions. However, after ten years of wandering, I have accomplished nothing. Continue to go north to Taiyuan and Chang 'an, east to Qi and Lu, and live in Rencheng, Shandong (now Jining, Shandong). At this time, he has made many celebrities and created a lot of excellent poems, which are famous all over the world. In the early years of Tianbao, on the recommendation of Taoist Wu Renyun, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty called him to Beijing and ordered him to worship the Hanlin. Soon, due to the slanderers of powerful people, Yu Tianbao was expelled from Beijing in 34 (AD 744 or 745). Since then, he has been wandering in Jiang and Huai, and his thoughts are extremely boring.
In the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), An Lushan rebelled. At this time, he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, which coincided with the great army of Wang Yong and invited Li Bai down the mountain to enter the shogunate. Later, Li Lin rebelled against Su Zong and was eliminated. Li Bai was implicated and sentenced to exile in Yelang (now Guizhou Province). He was pardoned and released halfway from Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Dai Zong died in dangtu county, Anhui.
Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor" and "settling down in peace", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In art, his poems are novel in imagination, unique in conception, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception, fresh and bright in language, magnificent in momentum and unrestrained in style, forming a bold and unrestrained artistic style, reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are more than 900 poems such as Li Taibai Ji, which are the representative figures of romantic poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12-770), Han nationality, was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). He is called He Du. In the world, his own name is Shao Ling Ye Lao. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, serving the country and the people, and died young. He was a poet saint and a world cultural celebrity, and was also called "Da Du Li" with Li Bai. Du Fu's ancestral home is Xiangyang (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province). His distant ancestor is Du Yu, a famous poet in the Jin Dynasty, and his ancestor is Du Yu, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Du Fu himself was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). Du Fu was originally Zuo Shiyi and Yuan Wailang, and later he was called Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems mostly involved social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills, and was called "Poet Saint" by later gods. Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down through the ages, such as Three Officials and Three Farewells, and The Collection of Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations.
Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th law, and accumulated complete artistic experience in the aspects of temperament, antithesis, refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has a great ambition of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior first, and then making the customs pure". He loves life, people and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. He hated evil, criticized and exposed the corruption of the imperial court and the dark phenomenon in social life. He sympathized with the people and even fantasized that he was willing to make self-sacrifice to save their suffering. Therefore, his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, with the most ordinary people as the protagonist, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, rich in the color of the times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, and are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are full of changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles. Besides the five ancient poems, the seven ancient poems, the five laws and the seven laws, he also wrote many lines. There are also various artistic techniques, which are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, got rid of the shackles of the ancient Yuefu themes and created many new Yuefu themes, such as the famous Three Officials and Three Farewells. After his death, he was highly praised by Huang Fan, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. Du Fu's poems had a far-reaching influence on Bai Yuan's literary thought of "New Yuefu Movement" and Li Shangyin's near-body allegorical current affairs poems. However, Du Fu's poems were widely valued after the Song Dynasty. Yu Wang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and others highly praised Du Fu, while Wen Tianxiang regarded Du Fu's poems as a spiritual force to adhere to national integrity. The influence of Du Fu's poems, from ancient times to the present, has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art. For details of his life, see Old Tang Book 190.
Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild side. From Du Fu's Song of Drinking Eight Immortals, it is not difficult to see the author Du Fu's heroism. Among them, "Zhang Xu has three cups of grass saints, taking off his hat and showing the crown of the prince, waving paper like a cloud." In a word, it shows the style of writing poems by close friend Li Bai.
Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846), a native of Xiayi (now the northeast of Weinan, Shaanxi), is a famous poet and writer with far-reaching influence in the history of China literature. He is known as "the magical poet" and "the king of poets". His poems have a wide influence in China, Japan and Korea, and they are the "New Yuefu Movement". Bai Juyi's ancestral home was Taiyuan, Shanxi, and his great-grandfather moved to the summer suburbs (now Weinan North, Shaanxi). His grandfather Huang Bai moved to Xinzheng, Henan. Bai Juyi was born in Dongguozhai Village (now Dongguo Temple) in the west of Xinzheng City on the 20th day of the first month in Dali, Tang Daizong (February 28th, 772 AD). Bai Juyi lived in Xiangshan, Luoyang for a long time in his later years. In August (846), five cases of Huichang, Bai Juyi died of illness in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan, Luoyang, at the age of 75. After his death, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty Li Chen wrote a poem to mourn him. The poem said, "Who taught Minglu to be a poet for sixty years?" Floating clouds are naturally happy if they are not famous and easy to live in. Boys perform "Song of Eternal Sorrow", and Hu Er can sing "Pipa". The article was full of people's ears, and I was once sad. "He is the author of seventy-one volumes of Bai Changqing Collection.
In his later years, Bai Juyi was made a prince, and posthumous title was a white father and a white man. He actively advocated the new Yuefu movement in literature, arguing that "articles should be written in time and poems should be written for things". He wrote many poems lamenting the times and reflecting the sufferings of the people, which had a great influence on later generations. He is a very important poet in the history of China literature. Yuanhe was a bachelor of Hanlin and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. Because he offended powerful people, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima and became a good Buddha in his later years. He wrote many poems in his life, among which allegorical poems are the most famous, and the language is easy to understand, so he is called "the eloquent old woman". Narrative poems such as Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow are all famous.
Li Shangyin (about 8 12 or 813-about 858), a native of Yuxi, is a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. Originally from Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang City, Henan Province), he was born in Xingyang, Henan Province (now Xingyang, Zhengzhou). His poems are of great literary value. Wen, which is called Xiao with Du Mu, is called Wen Li, which is similar to Duan and Wen in the same period, and both of them are ranked as 16 in the family, so they are also called "Thirty-six Style". There are 300 Tang poems, including 22 poems by Li Shangyin, ranking fourth. His poems are novel in conception and rich in style, especially some love poems are lingering and memorable. But it is too obscure to be solved. There is a saying that "poets love Quincy, but only hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng". Caught in the struggle between Niu and Li, I was frustrated all my life. After his death, he was buried in his hometown Xingyang.
Li Shangyin was a scholar in Tang Wenzong for three years (AD 847). He was a judge of Hongnongwei, Sasuke shogunate and Dongchuan Festival. In the early days, Li Shangyin won the appreciation of Ling Huchu, an important member of the Cattle Party, because of his literary talent, and Wang Maoyuan of the Li Party married his daughter because he loved him, so he was rejected by the Cattle Party. Since then, Li Shangyin struggled for survival in the struggle between Niu and Li factions, worked as an aide in various provinces, and was frustrated and down and out for life. In the light of predecessors, the poetry circle in the late Tang Dynasty has reached the end of its tether, and Li Shangyin pushed it to another peak. He is the most famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, along with Du Mu. They are also called "Little Du Li" and have poems by Li Yishan.
Du Mu (AD 803- about 852) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty, a Han nationality, a layman in Fan Chuan, a native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), and the grandson of Prime Minister Du You. Tang Wenzong Yamato entered the Jinshi in the second year and was awarded the title of proofreader of Hong Wen Museum. Later, I went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, turned to Huainan to observe the envoys, and then entered the envoys. Edited by the History Museum, catering department, Bibi department and Si Xun were appointed as foreign ministers, while Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu were appointed as secretariat. Finally, the official came to Zhongshu Sheren. An outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, especially famous for his seven-character quatrains. He is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He paid close attention to military affairs, wrote many military papers and annotated the Art of War by Sun Tzu. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems. The poems in the late Tang Dynasty were so gentle that Mu Zhi made a precipitous correction. The seven dragons have far-reaching charm, and the factions in the late Tang Dynasty were independent.
People call it "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu. Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin. Mu Zhi is ambitious and eloquent, boasting about his ability to help the world. ICBC's cursive script "Xuanhe Shupu" says: "The grass is vigorous and powerful, which is consistent with its article." Dong Qichang's "Rong Tai Collection" said: "After I met Yan and Liu, if it weren't for Qing, (Du) was also famous." It is said that his book "has the charm of the Six Dynasties". The ink handed down from ancient times has Zhang Shihua. His works are very rich, including Collected Works of Fan Chuan, Old Tang Book (147) and New Tang Book (166). Zhang Shi Cao Shu Ink was written by Du Mu Taihe in the eighth year (834), at the age of 32. The post is a piece of hemp paper, 28.2 cm long and 162 cm wide, with 46 lines and 322 words in total. As can be seen from the whole poem volume, his calligraphy won the charm of the Six Dynasties. The original is now in the Palace Museum. This calligraphy work is magnificent and smooth. Because it is a manuscript of poetry, it is even more unpretentious. There are inscriptions, inscriptions and seals of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties at the beginning and end of the volume. He has been awarded by Song Dynasty, Jia Sidao, Ming Xiangzi, Xiao Si, Qing Biao, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Neifu and Collection. There are records in Xuanhe Pu Shu, Rong Tai Collection, Splendid Life and Grand View Record. Du Mu is famous for his poems, so his title is covered by the title of his poems. This book was carved in Fa Tie, a monk. Photocopying can be done in Yan Guang Room and Showa Fa Tie Series. Du Mu lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, so he was later called "Du Fanchuan".
Du Mu's literary creation has many achievements, including poetry, prose and ancient prose. He advocated that all works should be based on meaning, supplemented by qi, defended by words and sentences, and had a correct understanding of the relationship between content and form of works. And it can absorb and melt the strengths of predecessors and form its own special style. In poetry creation, Du Mu is as famous as Li Shangyin, another outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and is called "Little Du Li". Influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, his classical poems have a wide range of themes and bold brushwork. His modern poems are famous for their beautiful words and ups and downs. The seven-law "Early Wild Goose" expresses the nostalgia for the people in the northern frontier displaced by the Uighur invasion, and it has a graceful and lingering taste. "Ascending the Mountain in Nine Days" writes his broad-minded mind in a bold style, but it also contains deep sadness. The general trend of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty is gorgeous and dense, and Du Mu is influenced by the atmosphere of the times and also pays attention to the use of words. This tendency of rhetoric is combined with his personal characteristics of "heroic and heroic", which is elegant, magnificent and exquisite.
Wang Wei (70 1-76 1), a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, was famous and successful, with a high official and a generous position. He was originally from Qi (now Qixian, Shanxi), moved to Yongji, Shanxi, believed in Buddhism, and lived in Lantian in his later years. He was of Han nationality. He has made great achievements in poetry and painting. Su Dongpo praised him for "poetry has charm and painting has pictures;" Look at the picture. There are poems in it. "In particular, his achievements in landscape poetry are collectively called' Wang Meng' with Meng Haoran. In his later years, he was careless about his official career and devoted himself to being a Buddha. Later, he was called "Shi Fo". He is the author of Wang Youcheng's poetry anthology, with 400 poems. He is good at drawing figures, bamboos and landscapes. There are two kinds of landscapes recorded by the Tang people: one is similar to Li's father and son, the other is painted by breaking ink, and the latter is his masterpiece. Unfortunately, no original works have been handed down from generation to generation. The Snow Stream Map and Jinan Mansion handed down to him are not original works. Obviously, Wang Wei has made higher achievements in the field of Tang poetry. He is a representative of the pastoral school in Tang Dynasty. Kaiyuan is the first scholar (that is, the champion). He has served as an official such as Da Lecheng and Yousgler. When An Lushan rebelled, he was forced to assume a false post. Later, it was taken back by the two capitals and demoted to Prince Zhongyun. After being tired, he moved his heart of dedication and finally became a minister.
Wang Wei was very literary when he was a teenager. In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), he was the first scholar, and he was very happy. I joined the army in Jeju for some reason. After returning to Chang 'an. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling was appointed as the secretariat. Wang Wei was demoted to the right. At that time, he wrote a poem "Dedicating the Beginning to Prosper the People", praising Zhang Jiuling's political views against planting party member for personal gain and abusing his title, which reflected his mood of demanding at that time. Twenty-four years (736), Zhang Jiuling went on strike. The following year, Jingzhou was relegated to a long history. Li's appointment as the secretariat was a turning point in Xuanzong period, and politics changed from relatively clear to increasingly dark. Wang Wei was depressed about Zhang Jiuling's demotion, but he didn't quit the officialdom. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan, he was ordered to visit Cui, our envoy from Hexi. Later, he learned from the temple history that Wang Wei's official position was gradually promoted. Before the Anshi Rebellion, on the one hand, officials were tired and worried about the officialdom at that time, on the other hand, they were attached to the stack and could not leave decisively. So when in Rome, do as the Romans do, and live a semi-official and semi-secluded life for a long time.
He used to believe in Buddhism. At this time, with the increasing negative thoughts, his Buddhist beliefs are also developing day by day. When he was young, he used to live in a mountain forest. After middle age, he once lived in Zhong Nanshan. Later, he found jobs in Wangchuan, Lantian and Song. So he travels among them with his good friend Pei Di and likes to write poems. In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), the Anshi rebels captured Chang 'an, Xuanzong entered Shu, and Wang Wei was captured by the rebels. Pretending to be ill after taking medicine, he was sent to Luoyang as a fake official. After the recovery of the two capitals, those who suffered from false jobs were convicted at different levels. He was praised by Su Zong for a poem "Ningbichi" that missed the Tang Dynasty, and his brother Wang Jin had a high official position, so he was only demoted to Prince Zhongyun, and later he moved something and finally became a senior official.
There are many more, as long as you know the name, you can usually find them in Baidu.