Taekwondo training focuses on cultivating people's temperament, etiquette, moral cultivation, patience, modesty and perseverance, mainly learning Taekwondo technology, quality, grasping and breaking skills. Originally known as Taekwondo, Taekwondo first appeared in Silla 1500 years ago. King Silla recruited patriotic youths to form a people's army to resist foreign forces, and his martial arts became "Flower Dao Lang". Later, after thousands of years of baptism and tempering, it eventually evolved into Taekwondo.
Significance of Taekwondo
Taekwondo means kicking, boxing means boxing, and Tao means method, art and a spiritual and cultural experience. It can be said that Taekwondo is an artistic method of combining fists and feet. Because feet are the mainstay (70%), it is called "the art of feet". Its characteristics are swift, powerful, accurate, flexible and amazing. There are twenty-five routines in Taekwondo, in addition to more than ten kinds of basic kungfu such as weapons, grasping, locking and self-defense. Practitioners wear special white Taekwondo clothes, and the waist represents belts in different positions, which are used for competition or training. Taekwondo practice requires "starting with ceremony and ending with ceremony". As a modern competitive sport, 1988, 1992 and 1996 were included in the Olympic performances three times, and now they have become the official events of the 2000 Olympic Games, with eight gold medals. It is also the official event of a series of major international events, such as the Asian Games, Pan-American Games, All-Africa Games, China National Games and China City Games. This project has become the competition with the largest number of participants in individual competitions in China.
Taekwondo grading
Taekwondo training is divided into ten levels and nine segments. Beginners must be trained for a period of time before they can be promoted by passing the exam. Taekwondo level 9-leucorrhea, level 8-yellow belt, level 7-yellow belt, level 6-green belt, level 5-green and blue belt, level 4-blue belt, level 3-blue and red belt, level 2-red belt, 1 level-red and black belt. Students need at least one. The Taekwondo World Championship is divided into eight heavyweights for men and eight gold medals for women. The game was played on the mat of 12m* 12m. The competition is divided into three rounds, each with three minutes' rest and one minute's rest. Athletes wear helmets, chest protectors, leg protectors and other special protective equipment, and use electronic scoring. Because Taekwondo takes the leg as the main attack means, it fully shows the fierce confrontation of the human body, and the competition atmosphere is tense and intense, with elegant and colorful movements and strong appreciation.
Technical style of taekwondo
Technical type: Athletes' movements are steady, their legs are changeable, their skills are mature, their psychology is stable, and they are integrated in attack and defense, which often makes their opponents lose unconsciously. Strength type: Athletes have good physical condition, long legs, strong explosive power, superior innate quality, fierce attack and often win by strength. Sanshou style: the athletes are tenacious, take the initiative to attack in the game, attack and defend properly, form a whole, the movements are very practical, and the training level and competition skills are high. Offensive type: Athletes have a strong sense of attack, often chasing opponents to attack and suppressing opponents with rapid and continuous technical movements. Defensive counter-attack: Athletes have high technical training level and rich competition experience, and most of them are exploratory attacks. When opponents counter-attack or attack, they find out their weaknesses and then directly counter-attack.
Characteristics of Taekwondo
Taekwondo, which focuses on legs and combines hands and feet, is the dominant method, accounting for about 3/4 of the total application, because the length and strength of legs are the longest and largest in the human body, followed by hands. Leg movements are varied, ranging from high to low, from near to far, from left to right, from straight to flexion, from turning to turning, which is extremely threatening. It is an effective way to score points and defeat the enemy in the game. Secondly, the technique, the flexibility of the arm is very good, the defensive and offensive movements can be controlled freely, and at the same time, it can be changed into various usages of boxing, palm, elbow and shoulder for actual combat. In the actual combat of Taekwondo outside the competition rules, some major joints of the human body can also be used as offensive weapons or defensive shields, which is the essence of Taekwondo technology, such as the joints of the hands, elbows, knees and feet of the human body, and is the most commonly used and effective combat weapon in actual combat of Taekwondo. The method is simple and straightforward, and it is difficult to fight. Whether in competition or in actual combat, the attack mode of Taekwondo is very simple and effective. In the confrontation, the two sides directly contact each other and directly hit each other with simple and tough methods, or punch or leg, which is fast and changeable; The defensive action is also based on direct block, followed by continuous counterattack. Dodge defense is rarely used in defense, and the pursuit is only to come and go, to fight hard, to keep or shorten the distance between the two sides as much as possible, to increase the effectiveness of the attack and to win in the game or close combat. Taekwondo theory holds that after special training, human joints can produce incredible strength, especially fists, elbows, knees, feet, especially feet and hands. Long-term specialized practice of Taekwondo can enable people to achieve the degree of internal and external integration, that is, the peak of internal and external integration. Because it is impossible to determine the power and potential of weaponization of human joints, we can only measure and verify the skill level of practitioners by hitting objects such as boards and bricks. Skill testing is an important part of Taekwondo training level, promotion examination, performance and competition, which embodies the unique skills and characteristics of Taekwondo. When Taekwondo is promoted to the outside world, it is mostly through this way to show people its formidable kung fu. This method is to smash the boards and bricks with fists, palms or feet respectively, so as to test and test the skill of the practitioners. This unique method has now become the main content of Taekwondo training, promotion and competition. The emergence of imposing manner and prestige, regardless of quality or competitive taekwondo, requires people to have dignity in imposing manner, and most of them show their abilities by making loud and intimidating sounds. Especially in competitive Taekwondo competition, practitioners from both sides will improve their fighting spirit by making sounds permitted by the rules, so as to overwhelm their opponents in momentum, and even use the hitting effect during the attack to get the referee's approval, and strive to beat their opponents psychologically. Therefore, Taekwondo practitioners should carry out special vocal exercises. From the beginning to the end of the ceremony, cultivating good moral quality Taekwondo gives a deep impression that Taekwondo practitioners always bow and salute on different occasions. This is because taekwondo practitioners have always regarded "ceremony" as the training content, emphasizing "ceremony begins and ceremony ends", that is, all practice activities should start with ceremony and end with ceremony, highlighting patriotism. Taekwondo practitioners are required to improve their moral cultivation while practicing their skills. Taekwondo practitioners can form a heartfelt salute habit by bowing to their elders, coaches, teachers and teammates, so as to develop a respectful, modest, friendly and tolerant attitude and a style of learning from each other, and cultivate their tenacity.
Development of Taekwondo in China (background information)
1992 10 10 On 7 October, the preparatory group of China Taekwondo Association was established, which marked the official start of Taekwondo in China. 1May, 1994, the first national taekwondo coach and referee class was held in Zhengding, Hebei. 1September 1994, the first national taekwondo competition was held in Kunming, Yunnan. At that time, 15 units and 150 employees participated in the competition. In May, 1995, * * * 250 practitioners from 22 units participated in the first national taekwondo championship held in Beijing Sport University. Since then, Taekwondo has developed rapidly in China. 1In August, 1995, China Taekwondo Association was formally established, and Wei Jizhong was elected as the first president of the association. 1995165438+10 In October, China Taekwondo Association was accepted as a full member by the World Taekwondo Federation. 1997165438+10. At the World Taekwondo Championships held in Hongkong, China's 43kg oriole won the silver medal in this class. 1On May 7th, 998, at the 13 Asian Taekwondo Championship held in Vietnam, a 97-year-old student from Beijing University of Physical Education won China's first Asian gold medal, which achieved a breakthrough of zero gold medal in official international competitions. About 240 athletes from 22 countries and regions in Asia participated in this competition, including world-class teams such as Korean, China, Taibei and Iranian. China Taekwondo Team won 1 gold, 1 silver, and 5 bronze, among which the women's team won the third overall score. 1On June 7th, 1999, at the World Taekwondo Championship held in Etimondo, China's female athlete Wang Shuo defeated many world Taekwondo masters and won the women's 55kg class champion, which was the first world champion won by China Taekwondo athletes. On September 30th, 2000, China's Chen Zhonglike won the women's taekwondo over 67kg at the Sydney Olympic Games. This is my first Olympic taekwondo gold medal.
Functions of Taekwondo
Taekwondo has the functions of self-defense, fitness, self-cultivation, entertainment and appreciation. It is a good means for people to strengthen their physique and cultivate their will quality. (1) The technical movements of Taekwondo to improve and enhance physical fitness are coordinated with the whole body, mainly through various leg techniques. It can promote the development of human strength, speed, agility, endurance and coordination, and has the function of strengthening the body. Practitioners often improvise tactics in their usual training, or attack quickly, take the initiative to retreat and then fight back, or fly their limbs, or kick in a roundabout way, which plays a very good role in improving the flexibility of the nerve center and the ability to dominate various organs. (2) improve the ability of self-defense and self-improvement. Taekwondo is a kind of martial arts. Through Taekwondo practice, you can not only master all kinds of kicking and boxing, but also improve your flexibility and responsiveness. You can also form certain skills through long-term training and have the ability of self-defense. (3) hone and even cultivate Kaku Takashina's accomplishment. Taekwondo advocates the martial spirit of "ceremony begins and ceremony ends". Its purpose is politeness and honesty, patience and perseverance. Through the training of Taekwondo, we can cultivate the perseverance, courage and perseverance of practitioners, especially paying attention to "not learning first, not learning martial arts first, not learning morality first." Practitioners should cultivate the noble moral quality of modesty, tolerance and comity from the very beginning, and have the sentiment of respecting teachers and respecting morality, being polite and trustworthy, and being brave in taking responsibility, which will influence the society. (4) Recreational and ornamental Taekwondo is a very ornamental sport. In the skill test, it is amazing that the practitioners can easily break the boards and bricks. But the technique of Taekwondo is a fierce confrontation between two people. The players from both sides fought bravely. In the competition, they often practice their legs in the air and combine their legs, which is dazzling and has high ornamental value.
Karate is a national fitness sport respected by the world. It can exercise people's external body, make people have inner self-control will and lofty spiritual belief, and have excellent personal qualities such as decisiveness, courage, generosity, fraternity, self-confidence, wit and calmness. Most importantly, it can make a person full of extraordinary momentum and exert his great potential through practice and understanding, which is undoubtedly of great help to the fierce competition in today's society.
Karate is not as famous as Japanese martial arts. It originated in the prosperous Tang Dynasty in China and was brought back to Japan by Japanese martial arts communicators for improvement. Originally called "Tang Shou", it was officially renamed as Karate on 1935 because of the relationship between Japanese pronunciation and "Karate". The return of karate events to China is far from the physical exercise of thousands of people, but it can have a very positive impact on social atmosphere and spiritual civilization construction. Modern karate inherits the characteristics of practicality and appreciation, and abandons the characteristics of China's modern martial arts that are purely ornamental and ignore practicality. At present, there are nearly 100 alliance organizations in the world with170,000 members (including collective members), and karate elective courses and clubs have been set up in Japanese schools.
Karate is based on strict training, which can make students achieve a certain degree of self-control and make people's mind and body more harmonious. Karate, like calligraphy, music and art, needs cultivation. Have incisive philosophical theory and scientific systematic training. It pursues a unity of body and mind, inside and outside, spirit and strength, and is the artistic accomplishment of human truth, goodness and beauty. It not only trains individuals to form excellent personal qualities, but also trains individuals to form a collective consciousness of unity, friendship and mutual assistance. In the boxing school, through the sincere dedication and hard training of * * *, close relationships have been formed between people who know each other and between people and the school, and we have made progress together with one heart and one mind. This is the power of karate!
Karate is not easy to learn
Technical principle of karate
In karate, the skills of hands and legs, attack and defense are the basis of attack and defense, and also the introduction and ultimate technical goal of karate. Although most of these basic movements can be practiced in a few months, even if it takes a lifetime, it may not be really perfect. Therefore, those who choose this path must persevere, be conscientious and keep practicing and exercising. Moreover, it is very important to carry out organized and planned training reasonably according to one's physical fitness. Even high-intensity training needs to conform to sports mechanics. Only when it is carried out reasonably under the physiological premise can its effect be reflected. From ancient times to the present, after years of accumulation, the created "empty-handed, technology" combined with the theory of modern science has formulated its rationality. However, on the other hand, there are some doubts that need to be confirmed by future scientific research. On the other hand, in order to respect the ready-made scientific data, karate is indeed expected to fly to a higher dimension. Therefore, the following important points, I hope readers can fully understand and master, and continue to carry out rational training and training.
First, the correct posture is closely related to sports mechanics or physiology. For example, baseball, "home run" is also based on the correct posture and posture. Furthermore, for a master of kendo, although it is strictly aesthetic, its posture is also reasonable in sports mechanics. You also need a good sense of balance and stability, especially the order of moving your body in a very short time. For example, when punching and kicking in actual combat, the requirements are more stringent. When the fist hits the target, the instant impact is very large. Therefore, in order to bear the blow, it is also important to fix all joints of the body. In particular, the "changeable" leg method often requires standing on one foot, so it is very important to maintain a balanced posture. There is also a pendulum that comes from nature according to the body's center of gravity, actual situation and purpose. And because of the kinetic energy of the body, the center of gravity keeps moving back and forth. Therefore, in order to cultivate a kind of nerve reaction that can be improvised at any time, quality training at ordinary times is also very important. On the other hand, if you support your weight with the same leg for a long time, it is easy for your opponent to find a flaw. Therefore, the exchange of two feet can not be ignored. And in your heart, you need to be always vigilant not to be confused by your opponent's empty tricks.
Second, strength and speed are accumulated by speed. If you only rely on developed muscles, you can't make great achievements in sports and martial arts. The ultimate strength of karate basic skills depends on the concentrated impact force at the moment of hitting the target when using boxing and leg skills, and increases with speed and strength. A skilled person can punch at a speed of 13M/ s or more. The destructive power can reach the super heavyweight level of 700KG. In order to increase speed and strength, "couple mechanics" or "reaction force" can be used, and the understanding of motion mechanics is also very important.
Third, the concentration and relaxation of strength The strength of karate is definitely not limited to wrist strength and leg strength. At the same time, focusing on all parts of the body with direction and purpose is the beginning of gaining great strength. Also, when using science and technology, if we can relax unnecessary power, it will effectively increase the original attack power. And like "0 to 10, 10 to 0", relax-try-relax, but the power of relaxation is not equal to the spirit of relaxation. The athlete's spirit must be full at all times, so the unnecessary strength is relaxed so as to be ready for the next attack at any time.
Fourth, the strengthening of muscle strength The driving force of the body is muscle strength. Therefore, it is very important to have strong elastic muscles. If only by understanding the technical essentials and sports mechanics, the motive force of technology-muscle strength is insufficient, it will be impossible to exercise correctly and achieve the expected goal. Therefore, daily muscle strength strengthening exercise has also become very important. When using a certain technique, it is also very important to know which muscles are moving muscles, and then cooperate with them on the premise of reasonable exercise. In short, when using technology, the more main muscles are used, the greater the effect will be. On the contrary, reducing unnecessary muscle operation can also reduce physical exertion. If the whole muscle can work in harmony, the ideal efficiency can be achieved.
Verb (verb's abbreviation) rhythm (beat) and timing Excellent exercise skill is to keep a pleasant rhythm and rhythm during exercise. Among all kinds of sports skills, some can't express complex "timing" with the beat of music. Therefore, it is very important to "understand" the rhythm of sports technology. Formally speaking, * * * is divided into three elements: strength, urgency of technology application and flexibility of body. A master who has cultivated to a certain degree has a strong technical force and is naturally perfect. For example, taking the sense of movement as an example, it is the best way for by going up one flight of stairs to properly grasp the "rhythm and timing".
Six, waist strength karate all techniques have explosive body rotation, especially waist rotation. As the foundation of mental stability, correct posture and balance, waist is the source of strength. So it is particularly important for athletes. The operation of the waist plays an important role in every sport in our daily life. Karate is no exception, that is to say, both attack and defense are inseparable from the "waist."
Seven, breathing skills while breathing. The relationship between technology and breathing, breathing in defense and exhaling in attack. Breathe from beginning to end when using the technique. Breathing is not a single way, but corresponding breathing according to various changes in body movement. But it is worth noting that don't spit it out when exhaling. For example, if 10 points, it is very important to get two points. Otherwise, once the true qi is exhausted, the body will become weak. At this time, even a small force can't resist, nor can it train changes and correspond to the next action.