Ellipsis:
1. Minister Zheng Mu visited the guest house (provincial object)
Vernacular translation: Zheng Mugong sent people to check the situation in the guest house.
2. (Zheng Mugong) made a speech to the Emperor Wu Zi (provincial subject)
Vernacular translation: (Zheng Mugong) sent the Emperor Wu Zi to order the guests to leave.
3. Qi Zi ran (in) Qi, and Feng Sun and Yang Sun ran (in) Song (provincial preposition)
Vernacular translation: (So) Qi Zi fled to Qi State, Feng Sun and Yang Sun fled to Song State.
4. (Qin Shi) returned the slip (save the subject)
Special sentence: I don't know! (The interrogative pronoun is the object, prepositional object, which translates as "What do you know!" )
Flexible use of parts of speech:
1. Bundle (verb uses nouns, loaded things)
2. Trim horses (nouns use verbs, feed forage)
3. Take leisure (adjective uses verbs, makes leisure)
4. Labor uses verbs. )
5. Learn from others and attack far away. )
6. Qin Shi Suidong (position nouns are used as verbs, marching eastward. )
Original:
In winter, Jin Wengong died. Geng Chen, who will be buried in Quwo, will be crimson and sound like an ox. Bu Yan made the doctor worship. Said, "Your life is important. There will be a western teacher who has told me about me and hit it, and it will be a great victory. " Qi Zi told Qin from Zheng's envoy, "Zheng people put me in charge of its north gate, and if I dive into the division, the country will get it."
When Mu Gong visited the uncles, Uncle Jian said, "I've traveled far, but I haven't heard anything about it. The teacher is exhausted, and the master is prepared for it. Nothing is impossible! Zheng Bizhi knows what the teacher did. Diligence without doing anything will go against your heart. And travel thousands of miles, who doesn't know? " How to make public remarks. Call Meng Ming, Xiqiao, and Baiyi, and make a start outside the East Gate.
Uncle Jian cried, saying, "Meng Ming, I saw the teacher's departure, but I didn't see him enter." The minister said, "What do you know? Zhongshou, the wooden arch of your tomb. " Uncle Jian's son and teacher sent him away in tears, saying, "Jin people will certainly be able to command their teachers." There are two tombs in Yan. Its Nanling, the tomb of Xiahougao; Its Beiling, the place where the King of Wen lived, was also stormy. It' s a matter of time to die, and I' m tired of it. "
Qin Shi Suidong. In the spring of thirty-three years, Qin Shi crossed the North Gate of Zhou Dynasty, and left and right sides avoided going down. The super-rider is multiplied by 3. Wang Sun is still young. Observing it, he said to Wang Yue: "Qin Shi is light and rude, and he will be defeated. If you are light, you will be ignorant, and if you are rude, you will take it off. Get out of danger. If you can't make a plan, can you lose? "
and slippery, Zheng merchants will be in the market in Zhou, and they will meet. Taking advantage of Wei Xian and Niu Shi as his teacher, he said, "My widowed gentleman heard that my son will step out of our city, and those who dare to follow him will not shy away from our city. If you are flooded by followers, you will have a day's accumulation when you live, and you will be prepared for a night's defense when you walk." And let it be reported to Zheng.
when minister Zheng mu visits the guest house, he is bound, ready to fight, and ready to horse. The Emperor Wu Zi made a speech, saying, "My son has been drowning in our city for a long time, but it is only the preservation of his wealth that has exhausted him. For the sake of my son's future, Zheng has the original garden, and the Qin has the tools. What if my son takes his elk to relax our city? " Qi Zi rushes to Qi, meets the sun and raises the sun to rush to Song Dynasty.
Meng Ming said, "Zheng is well prepared, so don't count on it. If you can't attack it, if you can't continue it, I will return it. " Return after slipping. Jin Yuan said, "Qin disobeyed my uncle, but was greedy for the people and blessed me. You can't afford to lose, and the enemy can't be vertical. It's ominous to go against the sky to make the enemy suffer. Qin Shi must be cut. " Luan Zhi said, "Is it a dead king to cut his teacher without reporting to Qin Shi?"
Xian Zhen said, "Qin didn't mourn my loss and cut my surname, but Qin was rude. Why do you do that? I heard that if you fight the enemy for one day, you will suffer for several generations. For the sake of children and grandchildren, can it be said that you are dead? " Then sent a life, suddenly xing Jiang Rong. Zi Mo's decline, Liang Hong Yu Rong, Lai Ju's right. In summer, April, Xin Si defeated Qin Shi in Kan, and won the return of Baili Meng Mingshi, Xiqiao Shu and Bai Yibing, so he buried Wen Gong with ink. Jin began to ink.
Wen Ying invited the three commanders, saying, "He really made up our two monarchs. If a few monarchs get what they want, they will never tire of it. How can you insult me? If you return, you will be killed in Qin to show your ambition. What? " Make a public promise. Xian Zhen, ask qin prisoners. Gong said, "Madam, please, I will give it up." Xian Zhen said angrily, "A warrior is forced to stay in the original place, but a woman is temporarily exempted from other countries. If you fall into the army, you will have a long feud, and you will die without a day. " Disregard and spit.
the minister's father chased him in the sun, and the rivers were in the boat. Release Zuo Yi and give it to Meng Ming by public order. Meng Ming bowed his head, saying, "You don't bother me with your kindness. If you return to Qin, you will be slaughtered. If you are widowed, you will die immortal. If you avoid it from your kindness, you will be blessed for three years. " Qin Bosu served in the suburbs, and the country teacher cried, "It is also a sin to be lonely if you disobey Uncle Jian to humiliate your second and third sons." Not for Meng Ming. He said, "What's wrong with being alone, doctor? Besides, I don't want to hide my virtue. "
Vernacular translation:
In winter, Jin Wengong died. The day after Jin Wengong's death, the State of Jin will bury him in Quwo. As soon as the team escorting the coffin walked out of the crimson city, there was a sound like Niu Jiao in the coffin. Bu Yan asked the doctors to bow down and said, "The monarch issued a war order to us, and Qin Shi will cross the boundary of our country. When our army attacks them, it will surely win a major victory. "
Qi Zi sent someone from the State of Zheng to report to the State of Qin: "The people of Zheng put me in charge of the key to the north gate of their capital. If they secretly send troops to attack, the capital of Zheng can be obtained." Qin Mugong asked Uncle Jian for advice on this matter. Uncle Jian said: "It is unheard of to make the army tired and attack distant countries."
The army is tired and exhausted, but the monarch of a distant country is ready. I'm afraid not. The action of the army (us), Zheng will certainly know that the soldiers will inevitably have a rebellious heart if they work hard and get nothing. Besides, marching thousands of miles, who wouldn't know? " Qin Mugong declined (Uncle Jian's advice).
gather Meng Ming, Xiqiao and Baiyi, and send their troops to start from outside the East Gate. Uncle Jian cried for this matter and said, "Meng Ming, I watched the army go out today, but I didn't see you coming back!" Qin Mugong sent someone to say to him, "What do you know? If you live to the average person's life and die, the trees on your grave will have grown thick! "
Uncle Jian's son joined the army in this expedition, and (Uncle Jian) sent him away in tears, saying, "The people of the State of Jin will surely set an ambush on the mountain to intercept our army. There are two mountains in the north and south: one in the south is the cemetery of Guojun Gao in Xia Dynasty; A mountain in the north is Zhou Wenwang's shelter from the wind and rain. (You) will definitely die in the canyon between these two mountains, and I'm going there to collect your bones! "
Qin's army then moved eastward. (Lu Xigong) In the spring of thirty-three years, Qin Jun passed the north gate of Zhou Capital. The soldiers on the left and right sides took off their helmets and got off (salute), and then the soldiers with 3 chariots just got off and jumped up again.
Wang Sunman was still young. Seeing this situation, he said to the king of Zhou, "The army of Qin is frivolous and impolite, and it is bound to fail. If you are frivolous, you will have less strategy, and if you are rude, you will be lax in discipline. Can you not fail if you enter the danger without strict discipline and lack of strategy? "
When passing through Slippery Country, Xian Gao, a businessman from the State of Zheng, will go to Zhoudu City to do business, where he meets Qin Jun. (Chord height) First, send four pieces of cooked cowhide, and then send twelve cows to comfort Qin Jun, saying, "Our monarch heard that you will March to our country and took the liberty to comfort your subordinates. Our country is not rich, (but) your subordinates should stay for a long time, and prepare a day's military supplies for one day; If you want to go, get ready for the security work that night. " And send someone to Zheng immediately.
Zheng Mugong sent someone to the hotel to inspect. (Originally Qi Zi and his men) have packed their bags, sharpened their weapons and fed their horses (ready to be Qin Jun's inner man).
(Zheng mugong) sent Huang Wuzi to deliver a speech, saying, "You have lived in our country for a long time, but we are running out of food. It's time for you to leave, too Zheng has hunting grounds, and Qin also has hunting grounds. How about you go back to the hunting grounds of this country to hunt elk and let our country get peace? " Qi Zi fled to Qi, Feng Sun and Yang Sun to Song.
Meng Ming said, "The state of Zheng is ready, and there is no hope to destroy them. The attack can't win, and the army surrounded by no backup, let's go back! " (So) I went back to the State of Qin after wiping out the slippery country ...
The former minister of the State of Jin said, "The State of Qin went against Uncle Jian's advice and made the people work hard because of greed. (This is) a good opportunity given to us by God. You can't give up a good opportunity to send it to your door, and the enemy can't let it go easily. If you let the enemy go, you will have future troubles. If you go against God's will, you will be unlucky. Be sure to crusade against Qin Jun! "
Luan Zhi said, "Didn't you forget the legacy of your late father by attacking Qin's army without repaying his kindness?" Yuan Ti said, "Qin did not mourn for our new loss, but attacked our country with the same surname. Qin was rude. What can we repay?" I have heard that once the enemy is released, it will leave disaster for future generations.
For the sake of long-term interests, how can you say that you have forgotten the legacy of your late father? " Then issued an order, quickly called Jiang Rong. Duke Xiang of Jin dyed the white mourning clothes black, Liang Hong drove the chariot for him, and Lai Ju served as the lieutenant.
On April 13th, this summer, (Jin Army) defeated Qin Jun in the Lushan Mountain, and captured Meng Mingshi, Xi Qiushu and Bai Yibing, the three commanders of Qin Jun, and returned. So he dressed in black for Jin Wengong's funeral, and the state of Jin began to form the custom of wearing black mourning clothes.
(Jin Wengong's wife) Wen Bo asked Duke Xiang of Jin to put the three generals of Qin back, saying, "They really made enemies between the kings of the two countries. If Qin Mugong gets these three people, he is not satisfied with eating their meat. Why should you condescend to punish them? How about letting them go back to the state of Qin to be punished to satisfy Qin Mugong's wish? " Duke Xiang of Jin promised her.
Xian Zhen went to court to see Xiang Gong and asked where the prisoners of Qin were. Xiang Gong said, "Mother asked me for this matter, and I let them go."
Xian Zhen said angrily, "The soldiers made great efforts to get them back from the battlefield. A woman pardoned them from the country in an instant, which ruined her own achievements and encouraged the enemy's arrogance. There are not many days to die!" Regardless of manners, spit on the ground.
Duke Xiang of Jin sent Yang Chu's father to chase Meng Ming and others to the river, and (Meng Ming and others) have boarded the boat and left the shore. Yang Chu's father got off the horse on the left and gave it to Meng Ming in the name of Duke Xiang.
Meng Ming kowtowed (on the boat) and said, "Your monarch is magnanimous and doesn't kill us prisoners. Let's go back to the State of Qin to be put to death. If the monarch kills us, it will be indelible even though it is dead. If you forgive us according to the kindness of Jin Jun, I will come back for revenge in three years.
Qin Mugong, dressed in white, was waiting in the suburbs, crying at the soldiers who were released, saying, "I disobeyed Uncle Jian's advice and made you feel wronged. This is my sin." Don't replace Meng Ming. (Again) he said, "This is my fault. What's wrong with the doctor?"! Besides, I won't erase his great contribution because of a mistake. "
This article is from the Thirty-two Years and Thirty-three Years of Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong by Zuo Qiuming in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Extended information:
Writing background:
The biography of Zuo Zhuan is 13 years more than the scripture of Spring and Autumn Period, and the actual record is 26 years more (the last thing is slightly more). Taking the notes of the Spring and Autumn Annals as the key link, some of them explain the calligraphy of the Spring and Autumn Annals, some supplement the scriptures of the Spring and Autumn Annals, and some make mistakes in revising the notes of the Spring and Autumn Annals.
Most of the whole book belongs to events in the Spring and Autumn Period, but its completion has entered the Warring States Period. All these show the close relationship between Zuozhuan and Chunqiu.
Zuo Zhuan is based on the Spring and Autumn Annals, and uses materials from other countries such as Zhou Zhi, Jin Cheng, Zheng Shu and Chu Bian to illustrate the outline of the Spring and Autumn Annals by describing specific historical facts in the Spring and Autumn Period. Sima Qian's Chronicle of the Twelve Governors in Historical Records said: "Zuo Qiuming, a gentleman of Lu, was afraid that all his disciples would be heretical, and each of them would be satisfied with his own ideas and lose his truth. Therefore, because Confucius' historical records had a comment on his words, he became Zuo's Spring and Autumn Period."
Huan Tan's "New Theory" further holds that: "The classic and the biography of Zuo's, which are both inside and outside the clothes, are at loggerheads, but the classics are not passed on, which makes it impossible for saints to know after ten years of closed-door thinking." In the article Zuo Zhuan, Yang Bojun summed up that there are four ways for Zuo Zhuan to transmit Chunqiu: namely, "explaining the calligraphy of Chunqiu, supplementing Chunqiu with facts, correcting the mistakes of Chunqiu and increasing the essays without classics."
About the author:
Zuo Qiuming, whose date of birth and death is unknown, is a monarch, surnamed Qiu, and his name is Ming. Because his father is a left historian, he is called Zuo Qiuming. (As for Zuo Qiuming's name, for a long time, due to the limited records of Zuo Qiuming, the author of Zuo Zhuan, in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, scholars in previous dynasties debated and had different opinions on the situation of Zuo Qiuming's name.
when you say the compound surname is Zuo Qiu, your first name is Ming; It is said that the single surname is Zuo, and the name is Qiu Ming. However, according to history, Zuo Qiuming is a descendant of Jiang Ziya, and the lineal Sun Qiu (Qiu) is more reliable, and the collateral Zuo's family needs to be discussed)