According to the pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus is raging, the lungs belong to metal in the five elements. If metal is not controlled, it must restrain wood. The books and buildings in Tianyi Pavilion are all wood, so fire Whether it is the Holy Mountain or the Thunder God Mountain, let fire overcome metal and the world be at peace. Getting back to the topic, although the holiday has been extended, information is so developed nowadays that everyone’s hearts are still not calm, so why not come to Tianyi Pavilion for a spiritual tour. There are many tools for mind wandering, including books, the Internet, VR and AR. In fact, there is another one, which is couplets. Traditionally, couplets are a bridge to quickly understand the value of a specific space. In other words, when we understand the couplets of a certain place, we can also grasp the core information of this space. Of course, when talking about the couplets of Tianyi Pavilion, we can't bypass the "Book City Wood and Stone Fragrance" by Mr. Gong Liefei of this pavilion. In the afternoon, I exchanged information with Mr. Liefei and expressed my own ideas. The old man encouraged me to use his materials boldly. , and secondly, I hope there will be further improvements. I don’t have that much confidence, I’m just willing to be a ferryman and take everyone to the bookstore with the help of the boat of couplets...
Gu Tinglong’s "Tianyi" couplet - the book and the building are still hidden and hidden use?
The main entrance of Tianyi Pavilion is currently the west gate. This gate does not have a long history. It was built with materials from the Guanyin Temple on Xihe Street that was demolished in the early 1980s. It does not look like a traditional door, but since Tianyi Pavilion is a museum, it uses a stylish The gate doesn't hurt. There are two plaques and two couplets on the west gate. When tourists stand in front of the gate for the first time, Pan Tianshou's "Southern Book City" plaque is not conspicuous, and the plaque with the Chinese characters "Tianyi Pavilion" behind it is not visible. Guo Moruo's couplet in front of the gate is behind, only The couplet of Mr. Gu Tinglong on the front porch of the Ming Dynasty is the most conspicuous, so let’s talk about this couplet first.
The legacy of Tianyi has a long history
It is especially difficult to hide the deep meaning of Nanlei for a long time
The first line of the first line is "Tianyi Pavilion Library", and the second line is The inscription is "Gu Tinglong was seventy-eight in June 1981", and the seal seal is "Gu Tinglong Seal" "Qiqian".
A brief introduction to Mr. Gu Tinglong, Gu Tinglong (November 10, 1904 - August 21, 1998), a famous ancient book edition expert, bibliographer and calligrapher, and the former director of the Shanghai Library. In the spring of 1979, he participated in the compilation of the "Bibliography of Rare Chinese Ancient Books". He visited Tianyige at that time and stayed at the Overseas Chinese Hotel nearby. According to the signature, this couplet was written in 1981, using gold inscriptions. Bronze inscriptions were popular in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and were inherited from oracle bone inscriptions and small seal scripts from the Qin Dynasty. Because they were cast and engraved on bells and tripods, they are sometimes called bell and tripod inscriptions.
The following is my own understanding of the words. I will first explain the literal meaning.
"Tianyi" of course refers to Tianyi Pavilion.
"Yi type" is used as "Yi type" in Mr. Lie Fei's first edition of "Book City Mu Shi Xiang". I have discussed it with Mr. Lie Fei and we all think it should be "Yi type". In the latter version, it has been changed to "relic type", but I haven't read his explanation yet, so I'll just say it according to my own understanding. Judging from the glyph shape, it is the edge of the word "dao" or the edge of the word "blade", which can be understood as "punishment", and xing and type are originally related to each other. The mold for casting utensils is called a mold if it is made of wood, a fan if it is made of bamboo, and a type if it is made of clay. It further extends to the meaning of model and norm. For example, Chen Kangqi of the Qing Dynasty's "Lang Qian Jiwen" said, "The Taifu is so kind and decisive, and her zewu type family can be imagined by analogy." So I think it should be "heritage type", It means the styles, paradigms, patterns, etc. that have been handed down.
"The source is long and the flow is long and the flow is long" is easier to explain. It means the long history and the long flow.
"Nan Lei" can refer to a place or a person. Judging from the context, it undoubtedly refers to Huang Zongxi. Huang Zongxi's nickname was Nan Lei, but he also had too many nicknames, such as the old man of Lizhou, the mountain man of Lizhou, the fisherman of Lanshui, the master of Yucheng cave, the dean of Shuangpu, the historian of the ancient Tibetan room... In the twelfth year of Kangxi's reign, , the Fan family broke the rules and invited Huang Zongxi to climb the building. Huang Zongxi "copied the books that were not widely circulated, and then spread them for good things." The poem goes "The smoke is surrounded by exquisite pavilions, and the first one to climb is Taichong" refers to this incident.
"Deep meaning" is the literal meaning.
"It is especially difficult to hide it for a long time" is the key point. An allusion is used here. Six years after Huang Zongxi ascended the tower, at the request of the Fan family, he wrote "Secretary of Tianyi Pavilion", which begins with the first sentence: "It is difficult to read, especially to collect books. It is even more difficult to store them for a long time without losing them!" Four sentences This difficult word is enlightening and enlightening, and tells the story of the hardships of collecting books. In this article, Huang Zongxi believes that bibliophiles must have two conditions: "good" (the sound of reading means a true love of books) and "powerful" (the ability to collect and acquire books), and "the creator of books is very taboo. , If you don’t protect it, you will suffer disaster.” Mr. Gu Tinglong used this sentence of Huang Zongxi, which boils down to "It is especially difficult to collect books."
Finally, to sum up, these two sentences can be understood in two ways.
The first way of thinking: "Tianyi Pavilion has a long and lasting origin" refers to the architectural space form of Tianyi Pavilion as a Chinese library since the Ming and Qing Dynasties (such as sky, earth, six, a pool in front, and The location, location, location, etc.) has become the basic paradigm of traditional private and royal libraries, which has lasted for a long time and has been passed down to this day; "Nan Lei deeply means that it is especially difficult to store books for a long time." Through Huang Zongxi's discussion of the difficulty of collecting books, he lamented the arduous undertaking of collecting books. The first couplet talks about the building and space, while the second couplet talks about books and content. “Library and building both exist” is the core value of Tianyi Pavilion.
The second way of thinking: The "legacy type" in "Tian Yi's legacy type has a long history" can be extended to systems and norms, which reminds people of the idea that generations do not divide books, and books do not leave the cabinet. The removal of beetles from rue and the protection of books by Yingshi refer to the unique system of Tianyi Pavilion to ensure that the collection of books has been handed down to this day; "Nan Lei has deep meaning and it is especially difficult to hide it for a long time" through the cultural event of Huang Zongxi ascending the tower, telling the world about the Fan family The family is not limited to keeping the collection of books, but is also thoughtful and reasonable in switching between strictness and flexibility, which has made Huang Zongxi, Quan Zuwang, Ruan Yuan, Zhao Wanli and many other scholars successful. The first couplet talks about storage, the second couplet talks about use, and the combination of storage and use is the original meaning of collecting books.