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There is a large garden behind my house, which is said to be called Baicao Garden. Now it has been sold to the descendants of Zhu Wengong together with the house. Even the last meeting has been separated by seven or eight years. It seems that there are only some weeds in it; but it was my paradise at that time.
Needless to say, there are green vegetable beds, smooth stone well fences, tall honey locust trees, and purple mulberries; there is no need to mention the cicadas chirping in the leaves, and the fat wasps lying on the cauliflowers, nimbly calling the emperor. (The skylark) suddenly jumped straight from the grass into the sky. The surrounding short mud walls alone are infinitely interesting. The oil flies sing here, and the crickets play the piano here. When turning over broken bricks, you sometimes meet centipedes; and cantharides. If you press its backbone with your fingers, it will make a snapping sound, and a burst of smoke will be emitted from the rear orifices.
Polygonum multiflorum vines and magnolia vines are intertwined. Magnolia has fruits like lotus cells, and polygonum multiflorum has bloated roots. Some people say that Polygonum multiflorum root has a human shape, and if you eat it, you can become an immortal. So I often pull it up and pull it up again and again. I have also damaged the mud wall because of it, but I have never seen a root that looks like a human. . If you are not afraid of thorns, you can also pick raspberries, which are like small balls made of small coral beads. They are sour and sweet, and the color and taste are far better than mulberries.
You cannot go into the long grass because it is said that there is a big red snake in this garden.
My eldest mother once told me a story: Previously, there was a scholar who lived in an ancient temple and studied. At night, while enjoying the cool air in the yard, he suddenly heard someone calling him. He agreed, and when he looked around, he saw a beautiful woman's face exposed on the wall, smiled at him, and then disappeared. He was very happy; but the old monk who came to talk at night discovered the trap. He said that there was some evil spirit on his face, and he must have met the "Beautiful Snake"; this is a monster with the head of a human and the body of a snake. It can call people's names. If they agree, it will come to eat the person's flesh at night.
Of course he was scared to death, but the old monk said it was okay and gave him a small box, saying that as long as he put it next to his pillow, he could sleep peacefully. Although he did the same thing, he still couldn't sleep - of course he couldn't sleep. In the middle of the night, it really came, rustle! There was the sound of wind and rain outside the door. Just as he was shaking into a ball, he heard a crack, and a golden light flew out from the pillow. There was no sound outside, and the golden light flew back and was collected in the box. What happened next? Later, the old monk said that this was a flying centipede that could suck the brains of snakes, and the beautiful snake was killed by it.
The lesson at the end is: So if a strange voice calls your name, you must not answer it.
This story makes me feel the dangers of being a human being. When enjoying the coolness on a summer night, I am often a little worried and dare not look at the wall. I also desperately want to get a box of flying centipedes like the old monk. I often think this way when I walk to the grass in the Herb Garden. But until now, I haven't gotten it yet, nor have I met the Red Snake or the Beautiful Snake. Of course, there are often strange voices calling my name, but they are not beautiful snakes.
The Baicao Garden in winter is relatively tasteless; when it snows, it becomes completely different. Photographing snowmen (printing one's full shape on the snow) and shaping snow arhats require people's appreciation. This is a deserted park and inaccessible, so it is not suitable, so we have to come to catch birds. Thin snow is not enough; it must be covered with snow for a day or two, when the birds have nowhere to look for food.
Sweep away a piece of snow to expose the ground, use a short stick to prop up a large bamboo sieve, scatter some grain underneath, tie a long rope to the stick, and hold it from a distance, watching The birds came down to eat. When they walked under the bamboo sieve, they pulled the rope and covered it. But what we got were mostly sparrows, and there were also white-cheeked "Zhang Fei birds", which were very irritable and couldn't be kept overnight.
This is the method taught by Runtu's father, but I am not very good at using it. I obviously saw them coming in, so I pulled the rope and ran to take a look, but there was nothing there. After a long time of effort, I could only catch three or four. Runtu's father could catch dozens of them in a short time, put them in fork bags, scream and hit them. I once asked him the reasons for gains and losses, and he just laughed quietly and said: You are too impatient and have no time to wait for it to come to the middle.
I don’t know why my family sent me to a private school, which is also known as the most severe school in the city. Maybe it was because he destroyed the mud wall by pulling out polygonum multiflorum, maybe because he threw the bricks to the Liang family next door, maybe because he jumped down from the railing of the stone well... There is no way of knowing. In short: I won’t be able to go to Baicao Garden very often.
Ade, my crickets! Ade, my raspberries and magnolias!
Go east, walk less than half a mile, cross a stone bridge, and you will find my husband’s home. Enter through a black oiled bamboo door, and the third room is the study room. There is a plaque hanging in the middle saying: Sanwei Bookstore; below the plaque is a painting, which shows a very fat sika deer lying under an old tree. There is no Confucius tablet, so we salute to the plaque and the deer. The first time is to worship Confucius, and the second time is to worship Mr.
When I saluted for the second time, my husband responded kindly. He is a tall, thin old man with gray beard and hair, and wears big glasses. I am very respectful to him because I have long heard that he is a very upright, simple and knowledgeable person in this city.
I don’t know where I heard it from, but Dongfang Shuo is also very knowledgeable. He knows a kind of insect called "Weird". I really want to know this story in detail, but Chang doesn't know it because she is not knowledgeable after all. Now that I have the opportunity, I can ask Mr.
"Sir, what's going on with this 'weird' bug?..." I asked quickly when I was about to withdraw from the college.
"I don't know!" He seemed very unhappy, with an angry look on his face.
I realized that as a student, you should not ask these things. As long as you study, because he is a profound scholar, he will never not know. This is often the case with people who are older than me. I have met this several times.
I just read, practice calligraphy at noon, and give lessons in the evening. My husband was very strict with me in the first few days, but later he got better. However, he gradually read more books to me, and gradually added more words to his lectures, from three words to five words, and finally to seven words.
There is also a garden behind Sanwei Bookstore. Although it is small, you can climb up the flower bed to pick off winter plum blossoms and look for cicadas to shed on the ground or on the sweet-scented osmanthus tree. The best job is to catch flies and feed ants, quietly and without making any sound. However, too many classmates were in the garden for too long, and it was no longer possible. The teacher shouted in the study: "Where are everyone!"
People walked back one by one. "It's not possible to go back together." He had a ruler, but he didn't use it often. He also had a rule for punishing people by kneeling, but he didn't use it often. He just stared a few times and said loudly: "Read!"
So everyone relaxed their throats and read for a while. It was really loud. Some people think, "Benevolence is far away. I want to be kind and benevolent." Some people think, "Laughing at a man with missing teeth means a dog's sinuses are wide open." Some people think, "Don't use the Nine Hidden Dragons above." Some people think, "Jiu Tu Xia Mr. "Shang Shang Cuo Jue Gongbaomao Tangyou"... also studied. Later, our voices lowered and became quiet, and only he continued to read aloud:
"Tie Ruyi, commanding and suave, everyone is shocked when he sits down~~; Jin Boluo, upside down and dripping, A thousand cups of wine are not drunk yet~~..."
I suspect this is an excellent article, because after reading this, he always smiles, raises his head, shakes it, and twists it back , get over it.
When Mr. is absorbed in reading, it is very suitable for us. Some of them used paper armor sets to put on their nails for show. I was a painter, using a kind of paper called "Jingchuan paper" to trace the embroideries in the novel one by one, just like shadowing when I was practicing calligraphy. The more books I read, the more pictures I drew; I didn't finish reading the books, but I made a lot of paintings. The most successful ones were the portraits of "Dang Kou Zhi" and "Journey to the West", both of which were large.
Later, for money, I sold it to a rich classmate. His father ran a tin foil shop; I heard that he was now a shopkeeper and was about to be promoted to the status of a gentleman. This thing no longer exists.
Extended information:
Sanwei Bookstore was a famous private school in Shaoxing Prefecture in the late Qing Dynasty. It was also the place where Lu Xun studied from the age of 12 to 17. It is located at No. 11, Duchangfangkou. The teacher of the private school, Shou Jingwu (later in Jinghu), was an upright, simple and knowledgeable person. His personality and academic spirit left an unforgettable impression on Lu Xun. Shou Jingwu has been teaching here for 60 years. From the building construction to the interior furnishings and even the surrounding environment, it has basically maintained its original appearance. Sanwei Study House is a small flower hall with three bays. It was originally the study room of the Shou family. Sitting east and facing west, facing a small river in the north, it faces the old Taimen of the Zhou family across the river.
Sanwei Bookstore is the place where Mr. Lu Xun studied in his childhood. He went to school here when he was 12 years old. After the autumn of the second year, because his grandfather was imprisoned, young Lu Xun left home to seek refuge in the rural areas of Shaoxing - Huangfuzhuang and Xiaogaobu, so his studies were interrupted. In the summer of 1894, he returned home and returned to Sanwei Bookstore.
This lasted until around 1898, when I left half a year before I went to study at the Nanjing Naval Academy, which lasted six years...
As for why Sanwei Bookstore is called Sanwei Bookstore, it was the second son of Shouzhu Lin, the master of Sanwei Bookstore, Shou Jingwu. Zeng explained: "Three flavors are used to metaphorically describe the taste of reading ancient books such as poems, books, and hundreds of schools of thought. When I was young, I heard my father and brother say that reading scriptures tastes like rice, reading history tastes like delicacies, and reading hundreds of schools of thought tastes like rice. The taste of home is like 醆醢(xī hǎi) (醆醢 is the sauce for minced meat or fish), but it is difficult to find where this reference comes from. Later, it was found that Li Shu's "Handan Bibliography" of the Song Dynasty said: "Poetry Book." The taste of Taigen is Zhezu in history, and the taste of Zhezu is called "Sanwei". It is believed that the "three flavors" may come from this.
There is a pair of hugs on the pillars on both sides of the "Sanwei Bookstore" where Lu Xun studied, with a message: "The most silent happiness is only filial piety and brotherhood, and the flavor of the soup is the book of poetry." It can be seen that the "Sanwei Bookstore" in the "Sanwei Bookstore" "This is what it should be used to mean. But there are still many people who question this: How could a well-educated scholar like Shou Jingwu - "the most upright, simple, and learned man in this city" use "meat" and "meat sauce" to describe it? read? , it would make sense if it were a plaque for a restaurant or pub, but it seems far-fetched to use it as a plaque for a bookstore.
At the same time, Mr. Shouyu, the grandson of Shou Jingwu, believes: “Such an explanation downplays the rebellious spirit of our ancestors against the Qing Dynasty.” He said in his article: “I have learned from my grandfather Shouyu more than once. Jingwu heard the explanation of the meaning of Sanwei Bookstore. My grandfather explained the meaning of "Sanwei Bookstore" as "Buyi is warm, the roots of vegetables are fragrant, and the taste of poetry and books is long." "Buyi" means common people, and "Buyi is warm" means sweetness. To be a common people does not mean to be an official or a lord; "the fragrance of vegetables" means to be satisfied with simple meals and not to envy or yearn for the enjoyment of delicacies; "the taste of poems and books is long" means to seriously appreciate the profound content of poems and books, thereby gaining a profound taste. "
The first point of 'common clothes are warm' is very important. This is the core of the thinking of my ancestors Fenglan Gong and Yunqiao Gong. The failure of the industry made them see clearly the corrupt nature of the Qing Dynasty. They He believed that serving as an official in the Qing Dynasty, which was causing harm to the country and the people, was to be a harbinger of evil and harm to others and himself. Therefore, he took the school direction of Sanwei Bookstore as a life guide for his descendants. He did not allow his descendants to take the exam to become officials. They should be willing to live in warm common clothes, fragrant roots and delicious food. "The taste of poetry and books." Shouyu said that Shoujingwu once said to him during his lifetime: "The meaning of these three flavors cannot be told to outsiders, nor can it be seen in writing. This is a family rule set by the ancestor Yunqiao, because of the spirit of 'three flavors'. There is an obvious tendency to oppose the Qing Dynasty, and if it spreads, it may lead to death."
In addition, some people think that it is borrowed from Buddhist language. "Sanwei" is the transliteration of the Sanskrit samadhi. It refers to the three realms of reciting, reading and comprehending the meaning of Buddhist sutras: one is "concentration", the second is "right feeling", and the third is "waiting and holding". It means that before reciting sutras, one should stop distracting thoughts and achieve a calm and focused mind; comprehend the sutras. The righteous attitude must be correct, with all kinds of respect and piety; during the learning process, one must concentrate and maintain a consistent spirit. With the integration of Buddhist thought and Han nationality culture, "Samadhi" has gradually been extended to a summary of the essential spiritual meaning of things. There are expressions such as "Samadhi in it" and "Samadhi in getting it", which are used to describe the accuracy and depth of knowledge.
Some people also think it is Sanyu in "Three Kingdoms·Dong Yu Biography": "Winter means the remaining years, night means the remaining days, and rain means the remaining hours." Later it was changed to "three flavors", There are also those who have researched the "three more" as "work time, meal time, and tea time", but this hypothesis is also constantly questioned.
Everything here is very well preserved, just as Lu Xun recalled when he wrote: "Enter through a black oiled bamboo door. The third room is the study room, with a plaque hanging in the middle saying: Three Flavors Bookhouse; below the plaque is a painting, depicting a very fat sika deer lying under an old tree. "This plaque and painting were lost before liberation. After liberation, the party organization and cadres tried their best to find them. Among the classmates who studied with Lu Xun at that time, Zhou Meiqing, Zhang Xiangyao, and Wang Fulin were still alive at the beginning of the liberation. According to the memories of these three old classmates, Sanwei Bookstore restored its original layout.
The room looks like an old-style Chinese living room, which may seem strange to today’s teenagers. There are 11 seats for students a day; Lu Xun's seat is arranged along the north wall. It is a rectangular table with drawers, and behind the table is a slightly low chair. The light is very dim here and the air seems damp.
The right corner of his desk is still engraved with the word "Morning" about an inch square. The knife technique is simple and straight. It is an extremely precious wood carving cultural relic hand-carved by Lu Xun when he was young. As for its origin, it is said to be this: One day, Lu Xun was late for school and was scolded by his private school teacher. He used a knife to carve this square "morning" character to urge and remind himself not to be late. From then on, he was never late again.
The four regular characters "Sanwei Bookstore" on the plaque in the hall are said to have been written by Liang Tongshu, a native of Hangzhou. Liang Tongshu was a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty. He was an honest calligrapher and a skilled calligrapher. In his later years, he became famous all over the world. He was 93 years old and authored "Pinluo'an Collection". He inscribed not only this plaque for Sanwei Bookstore, but also the couplet in the main room: The most joyful thing is silent filial piety, and the flavorful soup is a book of poetry.
In the autumn of 1962, Guo Moruo visited Sanwei Bookstore to pay his respects and wrote a poem to commemorate him. The poem said:
I am willing to be a bully, and I dare to be angry with thousands of people. The Sanwei Bookstore is still there, and the flowers are blooming on the wintersweet tree.
Mr. Lu Xun wrote an essay "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore" about his interesting childhood life, which was included in the collection of essays "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk".
In this article, Lu Xun vividly wrote about the staleness of Sanwei Bookstore, saying that it was "known as the strictest book school in the city", where children were bound by rules. However, the author did not describe Sanwei Bookstore as lifeless. Instead, the two short stories made Sanwei Bookstore full of humor through the narration of two short stories: students sneaked into the back garden to play in the break, and the old private school teacher was absorbed in reading in class. The students took the opportunity to have fun. .
At the same time, the students and teachers in the bookstore read some obscure and convoluted words and sentences, which further highlighted the unsatisfactory education of the old private schools.
In the first entrance of Sanwei Bookstore, which is the Taimendou, there is a "Wenkui" plaque hanging above the hidden door. This plaque was hung for Changshou Zizhi, the brother of Lu Xun's private school teacher Shou Jingwu. , he was a member of the Bingzi imperial examination in the second year of Guangxu (1876). This plaque is used to honor the lintel and indicates that the Shou family once had a scholar and was a scholarly family.
On the west side of the first entrance door, across the patio, there is a small square bamboo garden. The "Sanyu Bookstore" is arranged to imitate the "Sanwei Bookstore". Visitors can sit in this simulated bookstore. , experience private school life, or take photos.
The second entrance is called the lobby, which is the gathering place for ancestors' death anniversaries, weddings and weddings, and the arrival of distinguished guests. There is a plaque of "Sirentang" hanging on the forehead. A couplet carved on a light green wooden board hangs on the pillar of the hall, which goes: "Appreciate the festivals of Mount Tai and Qiao Yue, and embrace the flowing water and move the clouds." Hanging on the golden pillar at the back is a pair of praises for Lu Xun's private school teacher Shou Jingwu's virtues and speeches: "The morality and righteousness are reflected in the character, and the admonitions are virtuous and the mulberry family is cultivated."
Going through the patio, that is, the first Enter the third building - the first floor. Here are the original displays in front of the chapel, the study room and Mr. Shou Jingwu's bedroom.
The front of the chapel is a place used to receive relatives and friends. There is a plaque "Revisiting Panshui" hanging on the retreat screen. This plaque is the 60th year of Shouchengwu's scholar (entering Pan), that is, the year before his death in 1928, his nephew Shou Xiaotian sent congratulations. Lu Xun was full of sincere love and respect for Mr. Shou Jingwu. After leaving Shaoxing, he continued to exchange letters with Mr. Shou Jingwu. In 1906, Lu Xun returned to Shaoxing and visited this teacher again, telling him what he had seen and heard outside. Mr. Shou Jingwu received him here at that time.
In Mr. Shou Jingwu’s bedroom, there are canopy beds, wardrobes, chests, wooden recliners, clothes hangers, wash racks and other items. Because Mr. Shou Jingwu is very strict in teaching, he only accepts eight students every year. He thinks that if he accepts more, he will not be able to teach them, so his teaching income is very limited.
Going east from the third entrance is the Shou family The east wing of Taimen is divided into two parts, the south and the north. The south wing now displays an introduction to the ancient history of education in the historical and cultural city of Shaoxing, which is divided into three parts: "Yue Zhong County School, Yue Zhong Academy and Yue Middle School". The wing to the north is Mr. Lu Xun's reading place - Sanwei Bookstore.
Lu Xun wrote in an article that there was a garden behind the house, and there were many wintersweets in the yard. Therefore, when you enter the bookstore, you will smell a fresh fragrance. (Winter)
Mr. Shou Jingwu's study room is a typical study room layout of a private school teacher's home. It is equipped with special bookcases for "Twenty-Four Histories", ordinary bookcases, study utensils, etc. There is a plaque of "Sanyu Zhai" hanging on the forehead beam in the room. The meaning of "Sanyu" is taken from Pei Song's annotation in "Three Kingdoms", that is, Dong Yu from the Wei Dynasty said, "In order to learn, you should take three more than one year. Winter means the rest of the year, and night means the day." The rest will be cloudy and rainy, and the rest will be sunny.
"It means that people should use all their spare time to study hard.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Sanwei Bookstore