(1) Extensive reading
Extensive reading means extensive reading, which means reading should be broad, covering all aspects of knowledge and possessing general common sense. It is necessary to read books not only on natural sciences, but also on social sciences. Excellent works of various styles from ancient and modern times, both at home and abroad, should be read extensively in order to learn from the strengths of others and broaden their ideas. When writing "Das Kapital", Marx studied 1,500 kinds of books and collected a large amount of preparation materials through reading.
(2) Intensive reading
Zhu Xi said in "The Essentials of Reading": "In general, when you read, you must first read it thoroughly so that everything you say comes from my mouth; then Think carefully so that everything you say comes from my heart, and then you can save it." Here, "read carefully and think carefully" is the meaning of intensive reading. That is to say, we should read carefully and think deeply, ponder and study repeatedly, analyze and evaluate at the same time, and strive to understand it thoroughly and understand it in the heart, so as to absorb the essence. This method should be adopted for books and famous works in this major. Only by careful study, careful chewing, and the "micro-speech and essence" of the article can "the more you dig out, the more you dig out, the more you grind, the more refined it becomes." It can be said that intensive reading is the most important reading method.
(3) Comprehensive reading
That is, reading books, newspapers and magazines from beginning to end, scanning through them, aiming to understand them, Read through and understand the whole picture in order to get a complete impression and achieve the effect of "bird's eye view". This method can be adopted for more important books, newspapers and magazines.
(4) Skip reading
This is a jumping method of reading. You can put aside the irrelevant content in the book, grasp the context of the book, and focus on grasping the points of each paragraph. Sometimes when you encounter a question while reading, and you can't figure it out after repeated thinking, you can skip over it and continue reading backwards, so that you can understand it from beginning to end.
(5) Speed ??reading
This is a method of reading quickly, which is what Tao Yuanming advocated as "reading well, not asking for deep explanations". You can use the "scanning method", which is to scan the article quickly and understand the main idea. This method can speed up the reading speed, expand the amount of reading, and is suitable for reading similar books or reference books.
(6) Skimming
This is a rough reading method. When reading, you can flip through it casually and get a rough idea; you can also just grab the key sentences of the review to clarify the main points. Understand the main facts or typical examples. This part of the content is often at the beginning or end of the article, so focus on the title, introduction or end to get a general understanding and achieve the purpose of reading.
(7) Read again.
Valuable books and magazines cannot be read only once, but can be studied repeatedly to "review the past and learn the new." The famous thinker and writer Voltaire believed that "rereading an old book is like meeting an old friend again." . Repetition is the mother of learning. Repeated learning is conducive to deepening understanding of knowledge and is also a reinforcement for deepening memory.
The ancients said: "Don't use pen and ink." There is also a saying that "a good memory is not as good as a bad writing". Combining reading with making excerpts, memorizing experiences, and writing articles, using both hands and brain, can not only accumulate a large amount of materials, but also effectively improve writing skills , and can enhance reading ability and transform knowledge into skills and techniques.
(9) Preface reading
Before reading, you can read the preface and examples to understand the summary of the content and clarify it. After reading the program and purpose of writing the book, you can also read the preface and examples again to deepen your understanding and consolidate your improvement. You must be selective when reading. Throughout the ages, human beings have extremely rich cultural treasures. After all, a person's energy is limited. If you read without any choice, you will not get good results. You can combine it with your own situation. Select books and read them in a targeted manner, so as to achieve twice the result with half the effort.