Liubaobin calligraphy

Zizi was born in Yu Zi Cuiyuan, Anping (now Anping County, Hebei Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Born in the second year of Zhang (AD 77), he died in the first year of Shundi Han 'an (AD 142) at the age of 66. He is the neutron of Cui, a famous scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Early loneliness makes you eager to learn. Cui Yuan, who is over forty, became a county magistrate. Later, he was imprisoned in Fagan County, Dong Jun County (now east of guanxian) for breaking the law. At that time, the warden was proficient in etiquette. Every time he was arraigned, Cui Yuan would ask one or two questions. Soon released, he was surrendered by Deng Zun, the general of Duliao. Later, Deng Zun was punished for the case and Cui Yuan was dismissed. After that, Yan Xian, a general riding a car, was named Cui Yuan. At that time, Empress Yan was called the imperial court. First of all, Andy abolished the Prince (later Han Liubao) as the king, and Cui Yuan knew that this was not the right way. He expected that Yan Xian would eventually bring disaster and tried to dissuade him. I don't know that Yan Xian is getting intoxicated every day, so let Chen Chan tell him. Chen Chan hesitated and did not dare to say. It was not long before Beixianghou died and acceded to the throne. Yan Xian's brothers overthrew him, and Cui Yuan even beat him back, so he resigned and should not be conquered by the counties. General Liang Shang called Cui Yuan, who refused because of illness. In the middle of the same year, he was promoted to Cai Mao and moved to Jixian County, where he served for seven years, opening up hundreds of hectares of rice fields. The elders praised him: "God came down from the sky and I was very kind to my father." Pro-citizen favors are given in order. Irrigation is widely carried out through ditches, and the canal is determined to be showers. "In the early years of Han 'an, Hu Guang, a senior Sinon, and Zhang Dou, a junior official, and * * * all recommended Cui Yuan as a scholar of Su De, so he should not stay for a long time in the next term, so he moved to the north to help him. At that time, the satrap Guli appreciated Cui Yuan's literary talent very much. Letters and gifts are extremely diligent. At the end of this year, Dr. Du Qiao of Guanglu impeached Cui Yuan for possession of drugs. Cui Yuan pleaded guilty in a letter and was finally acquitted.

Shortly after his death, he died and ordered his son Cui: "Madam, you should cherish the flexibility of heaven and earth, and finally you should master heaven and return to the ground. You shouldn't hide your bones anywhere and don't go back to your hometown. " Cui followed his wishes and buried Luoyang.

Cui Yuan is superior to literary works, especially in writing, recording, remonstrating and inscription. There are 57 articles, such as Fu, Monument, Inscription, Admonition, Ode, Seven Su, Nanyang Official Records, Elegy, Shifting the Society, Regret Prayer, Cursive Writing, Seven Words, etc. In particular, The Official History of Nanyang Literature is the most famous in the world. When he was young, his father died and his family was poor, but he always concentrated on his studies and inherited his father's studies in an all-round way. At the age of eighteen, he made friends with Jia Kui, Ma Rong and Zhang Heng, and was well-versed in astronomy, calendar, mathematics and the Fang Jing Book of Changes, which was highly praised by scholars. Cui Yuan is a good scholar. He often entertains guests with rich wine and food, and never considers family property. However, his daily diet is only frugal and there is not much soup, which is called "incorruptible" by the whole world.

Calligraphy has reached Cui Yuan's meticulous brushwork, which was learned from Du Du. In the history of calligraphy, it is also called "Cui Du". Liang Yuan 'ang's Book Review of Ancient and Modern Times said: "Cui's calligraphy is like a dangerous peak blocking the sun, isolated and desperate." It had the greatest influence on the cursive script of later generations, and Zhang Zhi became a master of cursive script in Han Dynasty by adopting Fa Tui and Du Fu.

Cui Yuan's cursive script is the first article devoted to the art of calligraphy that we can see at present. Its appearance shows that calligraphy has entered a conscious period, and it is no longer a vassal of learning and writing, but has become an independent art. This kind of consciousness appeared with the maturity of cursive script. Because the strokes and forms of cursive script are relatively free, it is more beautiful than seal script, official script and cursive script, and it is easier to express the subjective factors such as the author's thoughts and feelings. Therefore, the beginning of China's calligraphy theory is not about seal script and official script, but about the evaluation of cursive script. The original cursive script has been lost, but the book of Jin-Wei Heng Biography quoted Wei Heng's four-body script and kept the full text of the cursive script. Although it is probably polished by Wei Heng, its basic ideas and main characters all show Cui Yuan's handwriting.