Like spending money, like spending money. And spending money on this is not money on that. When he spends money, he takes out the money. This money spent is..., my feeling is the beauty of distance!
I don’t understand how to spend money, but I like spending money on it. In fact, it’s just because of a saying that has nothing to do with spending money: distance makes life more beautiful! Spending money fits this definition perfectly. Its long age is itself a kind of distance.
I often listen to Tibetan friends talking loudly. Most of the time, I don't understand or listen. There is always this question in my mind: What is the story behind these so-called treasures? Therefore, I have never asked about the economic value of this money. It is not because I am rich. I thought in my heart that I could make a story for every dollar I spent.
Because I don’t know what kind of twists and turns I have gone through to spend money, I often think that every time I experience it, there will be a story, and every story is touching. A piece of money flows from his hand to another's hand, then to her hand, and then to other people's hands... Every time you experience the money, you can feel the different body temperature. If today's roundness or today's mottledness are necessary, then the twists and turns of spending money this time are what a rich life!
Time is such a distance that makes people speechless. I hope that spending money can be a spirit that connects one end of time and space to the other.
Distance makes life more beautiful. This money allows the distance of ten years, a hundred years, a thousand years or even longer to penetrate into the details, gradually allowing people to see everything at a glance.
I don’t know how to spend money, but I like to spend money, and this kind of money is not the other way to spend money...
(1) Hollow type (called "Tonghua" in the Qing Dynasty, also known as "Tonghua" in the Qing Dynasty) Called "Linglong style")
It is mainly a hollow money-shaped medallion from the Tang and Song to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most are cast in bronze, followed by brass, and iron is rare. The diameter is about 2.4-8 cm, and the edge thickness is about 0.2-0.5 cm. There are single-wheel, double-wheel and triple-wheel types of edge and cross-guo. The main decorations include flowers, plants, insects, fish, bees, butterflies, phoenixes, dragons, lions, deer, horses, pavilions, character stories, etc. During the Jin and Yuan dynasties, a considerable number of hollow coins with the above patterns were still cast, but during the Ming and Qing dynasties there were very few. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the only imitation hollow coins found were brass double dragon coins. In particular, the Shuanglong coins imitated in the Qing Dynasty are thick and large, and have lost the style of Tang and Song coins. The hollow money patterns are mainly for decoration, so they are all auspicious species without any traces of charms or gods. According to the unearthed information, ancient horse equipment such as saddles, leather belts, curtains, staff ends, etc. may have been decorated. The pattern art of hollow money has influenced window grilles, door tags and other paper-cut arts. There are many hollow coins handed down from generation to generation, and the degree of wear and tear is great. Some of the perforations have been worn away, which is probably caused by long-term wear and hanging.
(2) Entity type: Entity type money is the main body of folk money. There are many types, no less than tens of thousands, and most of them are after the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Common solid folk coins are mostly made of brass, and most of them date from the late Ming Dynasty. The individual sizes vary widely, with the small ones only about 1-2 cm and the large ones over 15-16 cm. The content of physical folk money is complex, and it is difficult to classify a certain money into a certain category in detail. Predecessors have done a lot of such classification work, but they all felt that it was difficult to strictly distinguish several categories, such as zodiac animals, warding off evil spirits, gossip money, etc. However, after careful analysis and comparison, it should be more appropriately divided into sixteen subcategories, which are:
1. Blessings for marriage money. There are three types: patterns, auspicious words and pictures. Dragon and phoenix pattern money began in the later Zhou Dynasty, mostly with dragon and phoenix patterns, which means "dragon and phoenix appear like patterns". The dragon and phoenix are either facing each other head-to-head or connected head-to-tail. There are also those with double dragons on the front and double phoenixes on the back. Most of the written auspicious words are "dragon and phoenix present auspiciousness", "dragon flying and phoenix dancing", "dragon flying in the wind", "double phoenix coming to the ceremony", "double wind instrument court" and so on. Or the coin with the year number is specially cast, and the dragon and phoenix patterns are cast on the back of the coin or Zhou Guo. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, "Zhengde Tongbao" and "Kangxi Tongbao" have also been specially cast, or dragons and phoenixes have been cast on the back in imitation of "Zhouyuan Tongbao". Some of them were cast or engraved with double dragons, double phoenixes or dragons and phoenixes in Zhou Guo. It still means "dragon and phoenix present auspiciousness". Thousands of years of feudal tradition have formed the Chinese nation’s unique outlook on family, fertility and happiness. It is believed that five or nine generations living under the same roof and having many children and grandchildren are examples of a famous family and a prosperous family. Therefore, they hope to have more children, they also hope that their children will be high-ranking officials, and the couple will grow old together.
Such auspicious words include "Five men from Yong'an", "Five men and two women", "Continuous birth of a noble son", "Happiness to have a noble son", "Early birth of a noble son", "A fairy sends a son", "Many children bring blessings", "A hundred sons and a thousand grandchildren", "Lin's toes are auspicious", "Wei Xiong and Wei Zhu", "A hundred years long and a thousand lives", "Like fish like water", "Husband and wife grow old together", "Husband and wife have equal eyebrows", "pines and cypresses spring together", "Wives, wealth, children, wealth" and so on. This kind of money not only has various shapes, but also has exquisite casting and changeable calligraphy, forming an overall excellent artistic effect. The material is mainly brass, with a small amount of gold, silver, lead and iron coins.
2． Secret money. Most of the facial expressions are "wind, flowers, snow and moon", but there are also sentences such as "the flowers and moon are pleasant", "the emperor of Ming Dynasty is in the shadow". "Wind", "flower", "snow" and "moon" are the beautiful scenery of the four seasons that people expect: delicate flowers in spring, cool breeze in summer, bright moon in autumn, and auspicious snow in midwinter, all are the most pleasant natural phenology. One, two or four pairs of naked men and women are cast on the back in the form of having sex. There are more than three or four interpretations of character patterns. It is said that "wind", "flower", "snow" and "moon" represent the marriage between four goddesses (such as Qingnu and Su'e) and mortal men. It is true that Dong Yong met the seven fairies on the road and Liu Chen and Ruan Zhaoren on the rooftop. It is interesting; one explanation is that it is something played by the women in Qinlou and the hooks and tiles. * Women’s main occupation is sexual activities, and they are what they sell and shout about. The first interpretation is about people's wrongdoings and is extremely romantic; the second interpretation has reasonable elements, and this kind of money is not only reserved for gouran houses and brothels. Men on the fireworks road, couples in secular families, those who bought it or were given it by elders all enjoy the secret treasure. Why? Nature. No matter how many pairs of men and women are cast on the money, they are all written in the style of the room curtain, and the patterns are based on the thirty methods of "Dong Xuanzi". This type of money originated in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and has been common since the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Nowadays, it is no longer regarded as a "forbidden fruit".
3. Congratulations on family money. This type of money has been around since the Han Dynasty, such as "Great victory, good son, good fortune, good cattle and sheep, protection of parents, brotherhood, good children and grandchildren, bad luck" etc. From the Han Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, this type of money was rarely minted, and due to its age, very few are seen today. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there were more and more money. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such money was extremely abundant. A family always wants to be safe and prosperous, which has become a temporary social trend, such as "the whole family is happy and harmonious", "the whole family is peaceful", "the whole family is happy", "the descendants are filial", "five generations under one roof", "a family of filial friends", " Good luck to the family”…. Most of these coins are small in size and have writings on both sides. There are also auspicious words on one side and allegorical patterns on the other side. The material is mostly brass, which shows that most of them date from the late Ming Dynasty.
4． Ward off evil spirits. For a long time. People always want to be safe and sound, if they encounter misfortune. They thought it was evil spirits and ghosts causing trouble, and asked wizards to get rid of the evil spirits and subdue the ghosts. This method is called "exorcism". In order to prevent misfortunes from happening, witchcraft masters were asked to "ward off evil spirits", so the methods and products to ward off evil spirits came into being. Buddhism's Tathagata, Avalokitesvara, King Kong, Arhat, Jigong, and Taoism's Laozi, Zhang Tianshi, Zhong Kui, "Eight Immortals", Jiang Taigong, etc. These media between humans and gods, arbiters of human good and evil, and gods of good deeds, can subdue and drive away evil spirits and sneaky spirits. People usually use Zhang Tianshi's three treasures: sword, seal and talisman to calligraphy and painting on objects or cast on metal plaques. This is the money-shaped plaque we see today - ward off evil spirits. These talismans not only serve as decoration, but also can comfort the spirit and balance the psychology, achieving multiple effects with one stone. The amount of evil-proof money is large, and the individuals are also large. The most common ones are: "Thunder Money." It is usually a four-sentence incantation: "Thunder and thunder, kill ghosts and bring down spirits, kill demons and ward off evil spirits, and all ghosts will disappear" or "Thunder and thunder, kill ghosts and bring down spirits, men and women wear it, and they will always be chaste and auspicious." There is a final instruction: "The Supreme Lord is as urgent as the law and order." There are runes on both sides of the spell, which should be the pattern of the seal script "Thunder Order Kills Ghosts"; "Tai Shang Curse" money: "Tai Shang Curse says: The sky is round and the place is round, the six laws and nine chapters, the magic symbols are everywhere, and all ghosts are destroyed." . There are also money for killing monsters, money for house control, money for removing bad luck, money for exorcising evil spirits and bringing blessings, etc. On the other side of the money there are ghost-fighting pictures, star official pictures, twelve zodiac signs, ten stems, eight trigrams and hexagram shapes. The character patterns are generally Zhang Tianshi, Laozi, Jiang Taigong, Zhong Kui, Thunder God, five poisonous pictures (snake, scorpion, centipede, toad, gecko), mostly with thunder money. "Tiangang Money" and "Tai Shang Spell Money" are mostly from the Song and Yuan Dynasties, while "Thunder Money" and "Exorcism and Blessing" money are mostly from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are also snakes, rats, foxes, wolves, ferrets, hedgehogs, spiders, centipedes, etc., which either practice hard or become immortals by chance. People also cast them on money-shaped plaques for wearing or collecting. To achieve the purpose of warding off evil spirits.
5. Zodiac money.
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the development of physiognomy, physiognomists classified human faces and personalities into twelve animals, which are now known as the twelve zodiac signs. After the Zodiac was created, it became a record of people's birth years. People cast the zodiac sign of the year they were born on money, with one zodiac sign per coin, two zodiac signs, four zodiac signs, or twelve zodiac signs. There are twelve types of zodiac signs, matched with twelve earthly branches, with rat as the first one, and the match with the first "zi" of the earthly branches is "zi rat". The order is Chou Ox, Yin Tiger, Mao Rabbit... This is the zodiac coin. The zodiac coin was first minted in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. After the Northern Song Dynasty, the number gradually increased, and there were extremely many in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Early zodiac coins came in different shapes and sizes, with the smallest being less than 2 centimeters in diameter. Due to their small shape, only one or two zodiac signs, or at most four, were cast on them, with corresponding inscriptions cast on the back. Some zodiac signs and branches are the same. The back of this kind of money may be lighted or decorated with stars, clouds, flowers, runes and the like. This type of money is usually a set of money, either twelve, six, or three, and the total number of zodiac signs in each set is still twelve. The diameter of the larger ones is about 6-7 centimeters or more. One side is cast with zodiac animals and branches, and the other side is cast with character patterns, mainly Taoist stories. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, they were mostly large-shaped coins. The twelve zodiac signs and branches are cast on one side at the same time. The zodiac signs are in the outer circle, and the branches are in the inner circle. The twelve zodiac signs and branches are separated by a radial grid. There is a circle with the word "longevity" in a cloud pattern between the zodiac signs and the branches. Or arrange the branches and zodiac signs alternately, with the zodiac signs enclosed in small circles. The other side casts the pattern story. The patterns mostly represent Taoist activities, mostly with stories of Laozi teaching scriptures. Secondly, there are myths and legends such as Dong Feng Xiu Xian and Chaoyuan Tu. Or it means good luck, such as "get an official position and get a good salary". Or the hexagram shape and hexagram text. Another type does not cast the twelve zodiac signs, but only casts character stories. There is a forehead directly above the money face, with the title "Benming Star Official" or "Benming Yuan Shen", "Benming Star God", "Benming Yuanjun", etc. There is one zodiac sign on the left or below, and there is a god, turtle, crane, etc. on the right. The story should be about the destiny of people born in this zodiac year, such as the year of the Rooster, the Year of the Dog, the Year of the Horse...each has its own special deity. There are sixty such yearly gods, who are called sixty natal kings, which is the same number as the sixty-year-old god. This kind of zodiac money is like a modern zodiac commemorative coin. In addition to "peace in the world" and "long life and wealth", auspicious words are cast on the zodiac coins, as well as "luck and longevity", "luck", "luck" deer (pattern), "star official seven grades", "wealth and benefit" "Life", "Longevity" and runes, etc. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, in addition to continuing to mint various zodiac coins of the previous generation, some flowers, plants and animal patterns were also added (flowers, plants and animal patterns were also found in the previous generation). After the Ming and Qing dynasties, in addition to the zodiac signs and branches, zodiac coins also added Bagua shapes and hexagrams. The patterns are mostly dragon, tiger, dragon and phoenix. There are fewer characters and stories. In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, a kind of zodiac coin with a money crown and a treasure cover was cast. The money crown had three series of holes. The amount of money is multiplied with the word "gui", which harmonizes with the sound of "gui" and also takes the meaning of "laurel crown". Or it may be a symbol of good luck, a treasure vase, etc., which means "peace and good luck". The zodiac coins of the Ming and Qing dynasties were all made of brass. The casting is exquisite, the decoration is exquisite, and it has high craftsmanship value.