2) Lu Xun (1881-1936), formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was a great proletarian revolutionary, writer and thinker. Representative works include prose collection, novel collection "Scream", "Wandering" and "New Stories". We have already learned from "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "Three Ponds and the Moon".
3) Xiao Hong (191-1942), a native of Hulan County, Heilongjiang Province, is a modern female writer. Her masterpieces include Biography of Hulan River and Life and Death Field, and we have all studied her.
4) Shen Fu, a native of Jiangsu, was an essayist in Qing Dynasty. We have studied his childlike interest.
5) Bing Xin (1900—— 1999), formerly known as Xie Wanying, was a famous writer and educator from Changle, Fujian. Representative works include Stars, Springs and Past Events. We studied the stars.
6) Tagore (1861-1941), the author of Golden Flower, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 19 13. His masterpieces include The Gardener, Birds and Birds.
7) "Three Friends in Cold Year" refers to pine, bamboo and plum.
8) "Four Gentlemen" refers to plum, orchid, chrysanthemum and bamboo.
9) "Three Caos" refers to Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi.
10) Liu Yiqing (403—444) was born in Pengcheng, Southern Song Dynasty, and he wrote Shi Shuo Xin Yu.
1 1) In two stories about the world, two clever and witty young images were created, namely, the eldest brother in Ode to Snow, the wife of General Zuo, Fiona Fang in Chen Taiqiu and Friendship Period.
12) The author of Spring is Zhu Ziqing, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, a famous writer, essayist, scholar and democracy fighter. The allusion related to him is 19 16. He was admitted to Peking University Preparatory College and married Ms. Wu Zhongqian at the end of the same year. 19 17 summer, due to the deterioration of the family's economic situation, in order to reduce the family burden, it was renamed "Ziqing". Because of Dong An's slow temper and slow temper in Han Feizi, he used the word "Pei County" as a self-warning policy and was admitted to Peking University one year in advance.
13) Laoshe, the author of Winter in Jinan, was originally named Shu Qingchun, a Beijinger and a famous writer. All works are included in Selected Classic Works of Lao She.
14) Jun Qing, the author of A Midsummer Night by the Sea, is a contemporary writer from Haiyang County, Shandong Province.
15) Zong Pu, formerly known as Feng Zhongpu, is a modern female writer. We studied its Wisteria Falls.
16) Cao Cao (155-220), born in Pei County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province), was a politician, strategist and poet at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His poems are famous for their generosity and tragic. We have studied his Looking at the Sea and Although the Turtle is Long.
17) Wang Wan, a poet in Tang Dynasty, was born in Luoyang (now Henan). We studied a berth at the foot of Beibao Mountain.
18) The three great poets in the Tang Dynasty were Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. Bai Juyi, the author of "Spring Tour in Qiantang", whose real name is Lotte, is from Taiyuan, and the author of "Bai Changqing Collection"; I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln, and sent this letter. The author is Li Bai, whose word is Taibai, and his name is Qinglian layman.
19) Xin Qiji, the author of Xijiang Moon, is a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, whose name is You 'an, and he is also known as Su Xin with Su Shi.
Pearl bird
1. Ode to the love between man and nature
"How nice! My friend gave me a pair of pearl birds. " At the beginning, the author expressed his feelings in a cheerful tone, which laid a relaxed tone for the whole paper. Throughout the whole article, readers are always attracted by the author's pen, shrouded by people's love for animals, and carefully observe the every move of this lovely and horrible bird with the author.
Driven by love, "I" mainly did two things for the birds: First, although the birds already had a "comfortable and warm nest", "I" carefully reworked and decorated a quiet and safe room for them and added food and water to them on time; The "relaxed" cry of a bird that started a new life in a warm and harmonious environment may be its gratitude to its owner. Second, "I" hold back my curiosity and never disturb the life of birds easily because of my so-called love; In the days to come, the bird's closeness to "me" is the best reward for this love.
It is precisely because the author has such pity for the pearl bird that he often endows this ignorant bird with humanity and depicts the pearl bird as charming and lovely. "Cute little red mouth sticking out from the green leaves" and "gradually dare to stick out my little head to look at me" are more like the expression of anxiety and curiosity of a naughty child when he first arrived in a new environment. The article uses more pen and ink to describe guinea fowl. "Red lipstick feet, gray-blue hair, but pearl-like round white spots on the back; It is so fat that its whole body is like a furry ball. " It is full of curiosity about the world outside the cage and flies around the house; It doesn't know how to respect authority, "pecking at the names of those great writers on the back of the book"; It is also timid. When it touches the light rope and shakes it, it will immediately escape to the photo frame. As long as mom and dad make angry cries, it will "fly back to the cage at once" like an obedient little boy. The author looks at this ignorant bird with a humanized eye. It "jumped into my cup, bent down to drink tea, and then turned around to see my reaction", and then "boldly ran to the manuscript paper and jumped around my pen …" It actually knew how to look at an adult's face! A bird with human spirit can sleep on my shoulder like a lovely child.
Because of love, the author carefully observed the bird's every move; On the other hand, due to careful observation, the author's love for this naive creature has further deepened. There are many descriptions of this kind of love in the article. The author carefully sketched out the image of Pearl Bird with lively and dense brushstrokes, and wrote a love carol between human and animals.
2. Trust creates a beautiful realm.
This paper describes the changing process of the relationship between "I" and the Pearl Bird family from acquaintance, familiarity, closeness to dependence in chronological order. The full text can be divided into two parts. The first part (1 ~ 5) says "I" arranged a comfortable and warm nest for the pearl bird. The second part (paragraph 6 ~ 16) describes the emotional communication process between Guinea fowl and "I" from alienation to closeness. On the surface, the bird went from "far away from me" to "a little closer", then to "naughty to accompany me" and finally "accidentally landed on my shoulder", getting closer and closer to me. In this process, it is the bird that actively approaches "I"; In fact, every step I take with this bird is based on one of my actions. Because "I seldom pull open the vines to look at them", they "dare to stick out their little heads to look at me"; Because "I" "never lift the leaves to look in" and don't disturb them, chickens can grow freely in my home; Because "I don't care about it", even if the window is open, it will not fly away; Because "I won't hurt it", it dares to "jump on my cup" to drink tea; Because "I just write with a smile", it will "jump around my pen"; Because "I write quietly", it even "pecks at my trembling nib" with its little red mouth; Because "I" didn't scratch it with my hand, but just "touched its delicate fluff", it would "peck my finger twice in a friendly way" ... It can be seen that the gradual approach of the physical distance between man and bird clearly shows the continuous shortening of the psychological distance between them. In the process of this change, "I" played a decisive role. I created a relaxed and free space for it with love beyond selfish desires, thus winning its trust in people. "Trust often creates a beautiful realm." -the last sentence became the crowning touch of the whole article, shining with touching ideological brilliance. Not only people and animals, but also people. Respect each other's living space and ideological space, and truly do not bully the weak with the strong, and do not bully the small with the big. This is the premise of building a trust relationship, and having trust will undoubtedly make the world more gentle.
Second, the problem research
Why does the article emphasize in the first paragraph that the pearl bird is a "bird afraid of people"?
"Afraid of people" is the outstanding feature of Pearl Bird, and the author puts this point in front, which lays the foundation for the full text. It is the narrative clue of the article that birds change from "being afraid of people" to "trusting people". Under the traction of this clue, the article explains the love and respect of "I" for birds, explains the change process of birds from timidity-gradually daring-to being close to me-and explains the author's inner feelings: "Trust often creates a beautiful realm." The article focuses on the characteristics of the description object, with compact structure and clear context.
According to the characteristics of "fear of people", this paper skillfully arranges the appearance mode of the pearl bird who lives in seclusion behind the lush leaves and vines of chlorophytum, and its image display process actually shows the weakening process of the pearl bird's fear of people. The article first describes the thin and bright cry of the pearl bird in the hanging vine, then writes about the faint figure behind the spider plant, and then writes about the "lovely big red mouth" and the little head looking around in the green vine, until the guinea fowl leaves the background in the seventh section and shows the whole picture. In this paper, the image of pearl bird is described step by step by dot dyeing method, which truly reproduces the process of pearl bird's careful exploration and step by step emergence in a secluded environment.
Practice note
First, read the text aloud and draw sentences that explain "I" in the text. Talk about how the trust relationship between "I" and the Pearl Bird is gradually established with the efforts of "I".
The purpose of designing this topic is to guide students to understand the important role of "I" in the process of establishing trust relationship between people and birds and grasp the narrative context of the article on the basis of understanding the basic content of the article.
The statement explaining the action of "I" is:
I hung it in front of the window. /I covered the birdcage with long cymbidium vines with small green leaves scattered on them .../I seldom pull open the vines to see .../What about me? Never lift the leaves to look in, and don't disturb them with curious eyes when adding food and water. /I don't care about this. /... I didn't hurt it .../I just wrote with a smile .../I wrote quietly, enjoying the intimacy of this little guy silently. /I touched its delicate fluff with my hand .../The pen in my hand stopped unconsciously for fear of running away from it. /I gently raised my shoulder. ...
Every step I take with this bird is based on one of my actions. Because I "cover the cage with a long vine with small green leaves", the birds will feel "extraordinarily relaxed"; Because "I seldom pull open the vines to look at them", they "dare to stick out their little heads to look at me"; Because "I won't hurt it", it dares to "jump on my cup" to drink tea; Because "I write quietly", it even "pecks at my trembling nib" with its little red mouth; Because "I" didn't scratch it with my hand, but just "touched its delicate fluff", it would "peck my finger twice in a friendly way" ... The bird's attitude towards people experienced a gradual process from fear to boldness, to closeness, and then to complete trust. In this process, my actions played a decisive role. As a strong man, "I" not only didn't bully the weak, but created a relaxed and free space for them with love beyond selfish desires, thus winning their trust in people.
Secondly, the author integrated his love into the description of birds' demeanor and movements. Please choose one or two examples from the article and analyze them.
The purpose of designing this topic is to guide students to experience the author's gentle feelings in the delicate description of the pearl bird and deeply understand the language characteristics of the article's strong feelings in the description of objective things.
For example, "he was far away from me at first, and when he saw that I didn't hurt him, he approached, then jumped into my cup, bowed his head and drank tea, and then looked at my reaction with a crooked face." I just smiled and continued to write. It boldly ran to the manuscript paper and jumped around my pen. The beating little red paw makes a squeaky sound on the paper. "
The author endows the Pearl Bird with human spirit, which makes the Pearl Bird seem to have human expression and psychology. Several actions such as "approaching", "jumping", "leaning down", "drinking water", "looking around", "running around" and "skipping" vividly draw the image of a naughty child. The author's heart is full of tender love, and he wrote the first close contact between man and bird in poetic language.
Another example is, "one day, when I was writing on my desk, it actually fell on my shoulder." The pen in my hand stopped unconsciously for fear of running away from it. After a while, I turned my head and saw this little guy asleep on my shoulder. His eyes were covered with silver-gray eyelids, and his little red feet were just covered with long hairs on his chest. I lifted my shoulder gently, but it didn't wake up and slept soundly! Still licking your mouth, are you dreaming? "
This paper describes the modality of a bird sleeping on my shoulder with delicate brushstrokes. Silver-gray eyelids, red feet and furry body, the stunner of nature, can sleep on people's shoulders safely, completely ignoring the outside wind and grass, as if people are safe and warm at home. It can be seen to what extent the trust between people and birds has reached!