Why is "Shi San Pan" called one of the four national treasures in the late Qing Dynasty? What is its artistic and historical research value?

In the early years of Qing Qianlong, a bronze ware of Zhou Liwang period was unearthed in Baoji, Shaanxi Province, which is the famous Shisan dish. In the following decades, sushi plates became folk dishes, but their whereabouts were unknown after being collected by Yangzhou Hanlin family for many years. There is a saying in the antique world that Ruan Yuan, an epitaph, copied two pieces. So people often say that a three-dimensional disk will be a mixture of fish and pearls.

In the 15th year of Jiaqing (18 10), on the 50th birthday of Emperor Jiaqing, Shi Sanpan reappeared, and Alinbao was presented to Emperor Jiaqing as a birthday present, which was identified as the Western Zhou Dynasty by Ruan Yuan. The story of "Ruan Yuan was named after a sushi plate and Alinbao presented a treasure for his birthday" recorded in the history books came from this.

Since then, Shisan Disk has been collected in the palace. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), after the British and French allied forces burned the Yuanmingyuan, there were rumors that the three stone plates in the Yuanmingyuan were destroyed, which attracted countless ancient players to lament and regret the destruction of this national treasure.

However, when 1924, the late Qing emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, things took a huge turn. When the Ministry of Internal Affairs inspected Yangxin Hall, it accidentally found a wooden box that had not been opened for a long time in the warehouse, and Shisan Disk was among them.

The reappearance of the three-dimensional disk caused a great sensation in the archaeological field, and at the same time, it made a group of people jealous and wanted to keep it for themselves, but it was finally collected in the Palace Museum. Later, the Kuomintang defeated Taiwan Province Province, and Shi Sanpan was taken from Beijing Palace Museum to Taipei Palace Museum.

Why is the random disk so attractive?

Shisanpan is one of the four national treasures in the late Qing Dynasty and is famous for its long articles. The height is 20.6 cm, the depth is 9.8 cm, the base diameter is 4 1.4 cm, and the weight is 2 1.3 12 kg. Vegetables have ears, kuiwen in the abdomen and animal face lines in the circle.

The most striking thing is that there is an inscription of 19 lines at the bottom of the plate, with 357 words * * *, in which Yang Wen's straight boundary bar is faintly visible. Experts infer that these characters belong to the inscription style of the late Western Zhou Dynasty.

There are not many calligraphy works belonging to the late Western Zhou Dynasty, so Shisanpan can be said to be a very precious representative cultural relic. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, bronze inscriptions reached their peak, and later bronze inscriptions were very mature.

As a masterpiece of bronze calligraphy, Pan, with its long inscription and exquisite calligraphy art, is called the three great bronzes of the Western Zhou Dynasty together with Mao and Guo Pan, and the four national treasures of the late Qing Dynasty together with Mao, Ding and Guo Pan.

And why is Sanskrit plate famous for its long inscription and exquisite calligraphy?

Judging from the inscription, the inscription on the three plates records a matter related to the land transfer contract, which is roughly as follows: Ya paid the land to the three families, described the size and boundary of the land in words, and attached the oath process.

This provides important material evidence for us to understand the land system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and it is the earliest land contract found in the history of China. So it is of great significance, no wonder it will be listed as one of the four national treasures in the late Qing Dynasty.

From the point of calligraphy, the lines of the inscription are thick and natural, and many lines are no longer symmetrical and even, but show different styles. The center of gravity of the words moves down, and the words are tight up and down, which makes them look stable and solemn. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the development of bronze inscriptions reached its peak, so I won't go into details about their calligraphy art for the time being.

In addition to the profound influence on the literary world, archaeology and literary world, Sanskrit disk has a legendary experience.

Because the Sanskrit plate has the artistic characteristics of bold calligraphy, concise lines, simple fonts and random strokes, it is more valuable, so many Sanskrit plate rubbings are circulated among the people.

Experts infer that there are three types of rubbings:

First, the rubbings before Jiaqing Emperor in the middle of Qing Dynasty were regarded as the best top-grade rubbings; Second, Puyi ordered people to make a reward book, and the people began to have a full range of artifact rubbings and spread them; Third, during the period of the Republic of China, the rubbings of the Palace Museum included the inscription of the ancient cultural relics museum of the Palace Museum.

In addition to these three types of rubbings, there are few original rubbings handed down from generation to generation, and even if they are handed down, most of them are difficult to identify clearly because their styles are not obvious.

(The pictures in the article are from the Internet, if there is any intrusion or deletion.