Since its establishment, Yuelu Academy has been famous for running schools and spreading academic culture. The emperor of North Song Zhenzong summoned Zhou Shi, the leader of the mountain, and awarded him a book. The name of the academy began to spread all over the world, and it was known as "Xiaoxiang Bamboo Silk". Bishop Zhu of the Southern Song Dynasty gave lectures twice. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty gave "respect for truth", Wang Yangming's school of mind and Lindong school spread and exchanged ideas here, and Wang Fuzhi, a famous patriotic thinker in Ming and Qing Dynasties, studied here. In Qing Dynasty, Kangxi and Qianlong awarded the titles of "Learning from Nature" and "Learning from the South" respectively.
Yuelu Academy covers an area of 2 1 1,000 square meters. Most of the existing buildings are relics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The main buildings are the first gate, the second gate, the lecture hall, the semi-self-study hall, the teaching hall, Baiquanxuan, the Imperial Bookstore and the Confucian Temple. It is divided into lecture hall, book collection and memorial service. All the parts are interconnected and integrated, which completely shows the magnificent momentum of ancient architecture in China.
In addition to architectural relics, Yuelu Academy is also famous for preserving a large number of monuments, such as "Lushan Temple Monument" carved in Tang Dynasty, "Yuelu Academy Monument Workshop" carved by Song Zhenzong in Ming Dynasty, "Cheng Zi Si Yan Monument" carved in Qing Dynasty, "Learning Heaven", "Daonan Zhengmai" carved in Qing Dynasty, "Zhong Xiao Monument" carved by Ouyang Zhenghuan and so on.
Li Yong, a native of Jiangdu, Yangzhou, recorded in the history books that "the writing style of the city is based on the monument". As a former magistrate of Beihai, it is called "Li Beihai", and this monument is also called "Beihai Monument". The inscription on this tablet is written by Li Yong in regular script, with gorgeous characters and beautiful fonts, which is the best among the inscriptions in the Han and Wei Dynasties. Among the many inscriptions written by Li Yong in his life, the Lushan Temple tablet is the most exquisite, with the names of Mi Fei and other famous Song and Yuan dynasties on the back, so it is regarded as a treasure by calligraphers of all ages. Because this monument is exquisite and unique in literary talent, calligraphy and seal cutting, people also call it the "Three Wonders Monument". "Three Juebei" enjoys a high reputation in the ancient stone carving art in China. The calligraphy used for inscription is a new creation of this monument, with vigorous brushwork. Later calligraphers, such as Su and Mi Fei, followed its method. Zhao Mengfu, a great calligrapher in Yuan Dynasty, said to himself, "Every big character has a meaning." . Since ancient times, many famous literati have come to visit this monument when visiting Yuelu Mountain. Zhang in the Song Dynasty and Li Dongyang in the Ming Dynasty both left poems chanting for the memory, which shows their great influence on later generations.
The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of poetry, when there were Luo and Du Fu. When famous poets such as Li Bai and Li Shangyin chanted about ancient Changsha, local heroes in Changsha also showed their magical powers. They wrote poems and competed with each other, which gave rise to the story of Wang Lin and Li Qunyu Lushan. Wang, a native of Changsha, is good at writing poems and quick in thinking. During Tang Xiantong's reign (860-872), Cui Xuan, an observer, recommended him to Chang 'an to take the "Daily Examination of Various Words". On the day of the exam, Wang invited 10 clerks, gave pens, ink and paper, and then dictated to each other. 65,438+00 The clerk kept writing. The first topic, Yellow River Fu, was 3,000 words, and it took several moments to write it. Then by noon, 20 songs were written, and 7,000 words were written. The prime minister at that time saw Wang's outstanding talent and wanted to send someone to summon him. Wang refused, became furious and ruined Wang's career. Wang returned to Changsha alone, leaving his landscape feelings to drink poetry. One day, he met another famous Hunan poet Li Qunyu on Yuelu Mountain. Li Qunyu, who is not easy to escape, amused himself by reciting poems. His poems are beautiful, talented, competitive and arrogant. When they were about to meet, Li Qunyu asked the king, "Who are you?" The king replied, "Try every word every day." Because Li Qunyu always looked down on people who are diligent in fame and career, and thought that the daily examinations were only social work, not real talents, he showed contempt for the king in his speech. After Wang noticed it, he pretended not to know, and only suggested that the two of them try a couplet. Li Qunyu didn't care, he accepted. Unexpectedly, Wang Zhan is so fast that Li Qunyu can hardly cope with it. When Wang Yin sang the quatrain "Peony blossoms like a bodhisattva's face and palm leaves are scattered like hags", Li Qunyu was at a loss and even sighed "good sentences, good sentences" and felt ashamed. Since then, making friends with Wang, the story of Lushan and Wang Zhengfeng has been widely circulated in Hunan.
In the Song Dynasty, Yuelu Mountain also produced a story of Hu Yin, one of the founders of Huxiang School, angrily denouncing traitors. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the nomads from Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou invaded south continuously, and Qin Gui, who was in charge of state affairs, was afraid of the enemy like a tiger, and blindly compromised and surrendered. Seeing the country's internal and external troubles, Hu Yin was anxious and was extremely dissatisfied with the Nanning court. He hated Qin Gui and others, so he resigned and asked to go back to Hunan to live with his father Hu Anguo and his brother Hu Hong. On one occasion, Hu Yin visited Lushan Temple in Yuelu Mountain, Changsha. Suddenly, he heard the news that Dina Liu from party member, Qin Gui came to Hunan to be an official. He was very angry and wrote a big book on the wall. "It's a crocodile in the South China Sea and wants to be a bird in Changsha." The metaphor of crocodiles in the South China Sea comes from Han Yu's Sacrifice to Crocodiles in the Tang Dynasty. According to legend, Han Yuchu was appointed as the secretariat of Chaozhou Prefecture in the South China Sea. Knowing that there were crocodiles in the evil stream, he almost ate up all the livestock of the people, so he wrote "Sacrificing Crocodiles" and ordered crocodiles to leave Chaozhou and move to the South China Sea in the evil stream, otherwise they would kill all their bows and arrows. As a result, crocodiles dare not escape, and there will be no crocodiles in Chaozhou in the future. Liu Dan happened to be chaozhou people, and Hu Yin compared him to a cruel and hypocritical Chaozhou crocodile who came to Changsha again to harm the people. Liu Dan saw this sentence and knew that she was mocking herself, so she complained to Qin Gui. Hu Yin resigned and refused to be an official for 20 years. This shows that Hu Yin, like other founders of Huxiang School, is upright and upright, and has a backbone, which adds a lot of color to Yuelu Xiushan.