This sentence of the ancients is of great benefit for us to analyze the characteristics of cursive stippling and deepen our understanding of the connotation of stippling. The point portrait of wild grass is like flying flowers and snow, and some point portraits of old vines, waterfalls and springs, with endless charm.
There is a passage in Jiang Kui's Reading Spectrum in Song Dynasty: "The ancients made grass. Now people are true, why not? " Its connection, especially the lead belt. Let's test his words, that is, the stippling place is heavy, the non-stippling place is light, and the pen is light. Although there are many changes, its articles of association are not chaotic. Huai Su, Zhang Dian, the most wild escape, do not lose this method. "
The relationship between cursive stippling and hairspring is clearly explained here. This kind of grass and weeds are no exception. Sun also has a very incisive opinion on cursive stippling: "Grass turns into shape, stippling is temperament." (Sun Shu Pu). )
There is no vertical and horizontal painting in cursive script, there are many round pens at the corners, and there are many changes in hook pens, so the skimming can be regarded as points. Pointillism connection can also be regarded as rigid painting and horizontal painting.
Now, some words in Sun's "Pu" are taken as examples to illustrate. Sun Caoshu is directly taken from Wang Xizhi, and it is an ink book, which is convenient for us to understand the use and changes of point, painting and brushwork.
1. Diana (female name)
One stroke: Today, Minute, Cloud, Mutual, Thank you and Surprise.
Dots with crosses are written horizontally, dots with words of thanks are written vertically, and the rest are written obliquely. Among them, both the beginning and the end of the sub-word show the pen tip, that is, the pen tip. Today, the point set front of the word shows different forms. In addition, because one of the writing characteristics of cursive script is that points are connected with pictures, many strokes are omitted, and there are cases where points replace pictures. For example, the words "Xie", "Xie" and "Jing" are all written as a point, which is very concise.
Two strokes: Yi, Xiao, Ying, No, remonstrance and writing.
Yi's two strokes are written as two vertical points, which is very vivid. These two points give in to each other. The first point, pen out, pen hidden. Second, the beginning and the end are different. Although there is a vertical partition between Xiao and Ying, they are all separated by each other. The word base is Japanese, but here two vertical points are used to deal with it, which just echoes the above two points, which not only saves strokes, but also coordinates and unifies. There are two points in the word "remonstrance": one is vertical point, and the other is inclined long point, which not only changes, but also highlights the momentum and forms a balanced trend.
Three points: location, peak, body, destination, frustration, state and mind.
The relationship between cursive strokes is also reflected in the use of points. For example, three points of water are connected into a vertical picture, and the tail end is connected to the right. It can also be written as a disconnected vertical plane. Sun wrote more carefully, and he confessed at three o'clock.
The body is written the same as the peak, the first point is written separately, and the last two points are connected, but they all echo each other. The three words "suo", "peak", "frustration" and "state" are all similar. The relationship between lead and tape is clear. However, the writing of the word heart is more open. After the first spot is exposed, it is a round pen, the front is turned down to the right, after a pause, it is picked up to the right, then turned to the front, and the pen is closed to the left after writing. The whole process is clear, the rhythm is clear and the shape is good.
2. Horizontal
The cursive horizontal painting is not very flat and should not be too long. Writing often depends on the structure of words. Be flexible and don't stick to a pattern.
Yi, State, Interest and Point
As mentioned earlier, cursive script is characterized by the connection between points and paintings, and it is also common to replace paintings with points and paintings with points. The above four words are all words that use pictures instead of dots.
The lower part of the word "Yi" was changed to horizontal painting, as were the four points below the dot. The three points of the word "heart" are changed to horizontal paintings, but the writing methods are different. The horizontal painting of the word "Yi" is light and shaped like a triangle, while the horizontal painting of the word "Xi" is heavy and trapezoidal, and its dignified strokes contrast with the clever strokes above.
I. Ancient, industrial, Ding, Shi and Qi, yes.
Words are like lentils, with sharp sides, full body and no stagnation. Ancient characters start with powerful strokes and then draw a small arc to the right. Finally, it gently presses the pen, which is in harmony with the mouth below and is very attentive.
I-shaped horizontal painting changes a lot, the horizontal painting above is more standardized, and the horizontal painting below is connected with the vertical pen above to form a curved arc, emphasizing the opposite change.
The horizontal painting of Chinese characters and seven characters is a bare pen, but the horizontal painting of Chinese characters is steady, and the pen is pressed heavily at the beginning of writing, and finally a triangle is formed, which is in sharp contrast with the horizontal painting below.
The seven-character pen is full of movement, and it is lonely to draw to the right with a pen tap; Line, then stroke up, and finally press the pen. This huge fluctuation is full of vitality and echoes the next vertical bend.
However, the horizontal arrangement of Chinese characters is different from the horizontal arrangement of the above words. When the pen is pressed, it is exposed badly, and when it is closed, it turns back. The whole horizontal portrait is a flat S, but the upper and lower strokes echo and are broken with a pen, which is natural.
Step 3: Vertical
Praise, correct, change, go, and also
It is also common to use vertical strokes instead of other strokes in cursive script, which is the case with the above five words.
Toilet, needle, cloth, lead, porch, in
Because cursive writing is fast and dynamic, there are not many vertical paintings in this grass, especially weeds. The basic requirement of a central pen is that it seldom writes vertical drawings. The vertical painting of the word "edge" means that the pen is carried in the center, and the pen is exposed before it is returned.
The two long vertical pens of the needle and the cloth are both side pens, which can be seen from the morphological changes of pen and ink and lines. When you start writing, the pen tip points to the left and then turns to the right.
Introduction is also an obvious side attack. Because of the heavy pressure, the upper end looks fuller, gradually narrows and finally closes the pen.
The Xuan character and the signature on it are hanging down, and when it reaches the lower end, it returns to the front to collect the pen, but the Xuan character is a horizontal pen, so it is full of movement.
In the vertical painting of Chinese characters, the pen turns back to the front, the two ends are not sharp and the lines are heavy, so it looks calm and powerful, in contrast to the slender and changeable strokes on the right.
degrease
People, less, look, yes, answer.
The apostrophes of the above words are all different. The herringbone is like an arrow, and a few words are like dead vines. The words "see" and "answer" are as straight as the pen, and when they are thrown to the left, they are brought out across the picture, which are tangible and changeable.
suppress
Inversion, History, Extraction and Application
The strokes of these four words are all connected with the last one, but the strokes are different. For example, the historical words are slightly sharper after redrawing, the reverse words are hidden, the extracted words are hooked down, and the words are turned to hook up. It's resourceful and ingenious.
Text, ruler, shortcomings and weaknesses
The writing of four in cursive script is also varied, which changes with the change of turning point. For example, at the touch of a pen, it starts from a hidden front, and the downward lines change from thick to thin, and then it looks graceful and changeable. The strokes of a ruler are just the opposite of writing. Start with a tap, then gradually increase the strokes, and finally turn to the front to close the pen. No matter whether it is a bad character or a character, it is treated as a point. The bad character is short and the character is long, and its length changes depending on the structure of the character. Disadvantages written below are much smaller than above, so the score is also small. Fuzi is a combination of left and right characters, which is regarded as a long point matching the font. It can be seen that every point of cursive calligraphy and painting is decided according to needs, not casually smeared.
Lost, back, near, way, chase.
These five words are all very long, but they are all different. For example, when the fan word is pressed, it turns back to the front and picks it up slightly, while when the back word is pressed, it suddenly picks up the pen until it is closed, which is quite like Cao Zhang's departure. With a flick of the word, it's all very clever to start and close the pen. The word "Tao" looks up like a snail, turning a small corner at the pen collection, and the image is vivid. The stroke of chasing the word is connected with the original word in one go, and when the pen is closed, it turns to the lower left and goes out to write a powerful hook.
choose
Resistance, victory, basis, swing.
The writing of cursive strokes is also different, some are conjoined and some are not. For example, resistance, swing and up-and-down swing are all related to other swimming strokes. The winning word becomes the pick point on the right, and the pick potential of the word is obvious and full.
7. Hook
Cross hook
Poverty, Learning, Appreciation, Hundred, and Qi:
Poverty, learning and appreciation are all ways of writing, and they are all connected up and down. The horizontal hook strokes of Qi and Bai are the same.
Vertical hook
Hu, Yong, Tu, Fake and History:
All the above are right vertical hooks. Hu, Yong and Tu are all hooks, with sharp and powerful external angles, some small and some large. Pseudo-characters are round pen hooks, and the hooks of time characters are in the outer circle, which is both rigid and flexible.
Gogou
Knowledge, power, or, alas, success:
The handling shapes of hooks are also varied. The link between reading and writing ability is clear and standardized. The hook of the word Wei becomes a heavy pen, while the hook of the word or is very similar to the angular pen in the inscription, without a hook. The word "in" is just the opposite of the word "into". Turn the hook into a barb and take the bait to the left.
Back hook
Rules, ropes, wind, turtles, both, and research.
The back throw of the gauge is written in reverse, and the back throw becomes the lower hook. The hooks of rope and wind are almost the same. The hook of the turtle word goes out to the right, and the word hooks back slightly before closing the pen, forming a small hook. The hook of this word is straight.
8. turning point
turn
Painting, Possession, South and Speed;
Painting, possession and speed are clearly explained when turning strokes. The strokes are light and heavy, and the southern characters turn faster, all of which are round strokes.
Similarity, figure, genus and diversity;
The transformation of the words "Tong", "Tong", "Tong", "Genus" and "Duo" are all Fiona Fang's combination of economy and harmony. The word "Figure" and the word "Genus" are folded in half. As shown in the figure, the folding pen is the last turning point of the outer opening, and the two horizontal Lian Bi lines are above the folding pen of Genus.
break
Lines, tones, books, international:
There are folding pens at the upper right corner of the line and the right half of the sound, and there are square folding pens at the three corners of the book and next to the ear knife.
The structure of modern grass
The structural principle of cursive script is to simplify, continuous, incoherent and easy to write. Although the structure of cursive script is different in history, the rules of cursive script are basically the same, and there are many established things. So its structural law is strict, just like those structural methods mentioned in the cursive identification in the last section.
1.
Among all kinds of characters, regular script is the most standardized and standard, while running script is more free than regular script, which increases the balance between strokes, but saves the complexity and stippling in regular script, and cursive script is more economical and concise. One painting can replace four points, and one stroke can be written into words, which shows the degree of omission. Moreover, cursive script can replace a painting with a dot or a picture. In the stippling part, we have already introduced it.
2. Round and continuous, in one go
The main brushwork of a book is to make it rotate, so when writing, stippling moves with the music of brushwork. Its lines are mostly arc-shaped, with the hairspring pulled in the middle, so there are more circles to write. You can even write a few words with a pen. Sometimes when you write it down, it's circled in one go.
3. Momentum runs through and changes constantly.
Because the momentum of cursive script is reflected in the whole article, the position and center of gravity of each word don't have to be straight and steady, as long as the momentum arrives and echoes up and down, the whole looks seamless. So sometimes the characters move violently and don't align up and down, and the shapes of the characters are varied and varied. Some words are tilted and the center of gravity seems unstable, but they are balanced and stable from the whole article. Therefore, from the appreciation of cursive script, especially grass, to creation, we should start from the whole article and take care of the overall situation.
A cursive script written in ink and pen.
1. Cursive ink
Calligraphy ink is an important aspect. It is especially important for cursive script, especially cursive script. The rich brushwork of cursive script has a great relationship with the quality of ink. If you don't pay attention to ink, the rich brushwork rules of cursive script will be difficult to show, and writing a black stroke will destroy its charm.