Liu Yuxi (AD 772-824), courtesy name Mengde, was born in Luoyang, Henan Province. He was also called Liu Zhongshan because he was a descendant of Liu Sheng, King of Zhongshan in the Han Dynasty. Liu Yuxi's ears and eyes were mixed, and he was talented, quick and eager to learn. He had learned from others since he was a child, and his temperament was extraordinary. At the age of 22, he was admitted to the Jinshi Examination, and at the age of 23, he was admitted to the Civil Service Department. At the age of 24, he was admitted to the Ministry of Civil Service and the Civil Service Department. He entered the official position at the age of 29 and served successively as the Secretary of the Jiedushi Envoy, Chief Bo, Supervisory Yushi, Supervisory History, Prefecture Sima, Prefecture Governor, Host and Guest Doctor, Doctor of the Ministry of Rites, and Prince Guest. After his death, he was awarded the title of Doctor of the Ministry of War. He was known as the "poetry hero" of the mid-Tang Dynasty and an outstanding statesman, philosopher, poet and essayist in the mid-Tang Dynasty.
Politically concerned about the fate of the country, Liu Yuxi sympathized with the people's sufferings, insisted on purging officials, and advocated that "utility lies with the people." When he was a local official, he was even more abiding by the government, cherished the land and loved the people, promoted education and learning, and was deeply loved by the people.
In philosophy, Liu Yuxi, a simple materialist, has many literary theories of this kind, such as "Lun of Heaven", "Wen Dajun Fu", etc. His "Buddha's Clothing Inscription" has an even more excellent expression: "The beginning must have an end, and the inheritance must be endless. Things must come to an end, and the clothes will last forever."
Liu Yuxi, who is as famous as Bai Juyi in literature, left poems More than 800 articles. In the early stage, Liu Liu (Zong Yuan) knew each other and exchanged poems and essays, so he was called "Liu Liu" at that time; later, he sang in harmony with Bai Juyi's poems and essays, and was called "Liu Bai" at that time, which can be called "Bai and Liu are equally famous all over the world". His poems have broad themes, beautiful scenery, magnificent words, concise and implicit ideas, out-of-the-box thinking, cheerful and smooth, and can be spoken and sung without being superficial. Liu Yuxi was also an active participant in the ancient prose movement, and his greatest achievements were in argumentative prose. The first is thematic, including philosophy, politics, medicine, calligraphy, calligraphy, etc.; the second is essays with magnificent words and subtle themes. There are "Collected Works of Liu Mengde", "Collected Works of Liu Guest" and "Collected Works of Liu Yuxi" handed down to the world.
Liu Yuxi was an outstanding politician, philosopher, essayist, poet and simple materialist in the mid-Tang Dynasty. In the 10th year of Yuanhe (815 AD), he was demoted to be the governor of Lianzhou. "Lianzhou Chronicles" published by the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. "The Biography of Famous Officials" said: "Wulian's cultural relics are comparable to those of Zhongzhou, and Yu Xi has most of the power to revive them." Liu Yuxi pastored Lianzhou for four and a half years, with outstanding political achievements and many writings. Bai Juyi once called him a "poetry hero", and the Tang and Song dynasties spoke highly of his poetry. This shows that Liu Yuxi plays an important role in the history of Chinese philosophy and literature.
Liu Yuxi was born during the period when the Tang Dynasty was turning from prosperity to decline. The country was politically corrupt, eunuchs were monopolizing power within the country, and vassal towns were separatist outside. The regime was in a serious crisis, and there was a fierce confrontation between the reform and conservative forces in the DPRK and China. Liu Yuxi, Wang Shuwen, and Liu Zongyuan participated in the "Yongzhen Reform", which aimed at punishing cruel officials, dismissing palaces, exempting arrears of taxes, and prohibiting additional taxes. After the failure of the reform, the reformists were mercilessly attacked. Wang Shuwen, Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi and others who participated in the "Yongzhen Reform" were demoted to other places, which was known in history as the "Two Kings and Eight Sima Incident". After Liu Yuxi was demoted as the governor of Lianzhou, when he was on his way to Jingnan (today's Jiangling, Hubei), the court demoted him to the Sima of Langzhou (today's Changde, Hunan) on the grounds that the governor was "not enough to pay his responsibilities", and he did not arrive in Lianzhou to take up his post. Ten years later, he was recalled to Chang'an as chief guest. While visiting Xuandu, he wrote a poem entitled "You Xuandu, Ode to the Flower Gentleman". Because this poem was "sarcastic and displeased with the administration", Liu Yuxi was demoted to Lianzhou governor again.
When Liu Yuxi, who suffered a severe physical and mental blow, came to Lianzhou, a place where "everything in the world is beautiful", he found that this was a place suitable for displaying his political ability and literary talent.
Later, after several transfers, Liu Yuxi was sent to Suzhou as the governor. At that time, there was a flood in Suzhou and hunger spread throughout the land. After he took office, he opened warehouses for famine relief, exempted taxes and reduced labor, which quickly enabled the people to get out of the disaster and live a contented life. The people of Suzhou loved him and were grateful to him, so they named Wei Yingwu, Bai Juyi, who had served as governor in Suzhou, and him together as the "Three Heroes", and established the Sanxian Hall. The emperor also praised his political achievements and gave him a purple gold fish bag.
Liu Yuxi returned to Luoyang in his later years, served as the prince's guest, socialized with friends and composed poems, living a leisurely life. After his death, he was posthumously awarded the title of Minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs. Answered by: liujun427 - Great Magician Level 8 5-23 18:14 Liu Yuxi (772-842), named Mengde, was from Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan Province). He claimed to be a descendant of Liu Sheng, King of Zhongshan in the Han Dynasty. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan, he became a Jinshi and became a censor. Wang Shuwen failed and was demoted to Sima of Langzhou. Later, he served as governor of Lianzhou, Kuizhou, Hezhou and other places, and became the minister of the Ministry of Rites and the guest of the prince.
There is "Liu Guest Collection", also known as "Liu Zhongshan Collection" and "Liu Mengde Collection".
Liu Yuxi pays great attention to the ancient classics in books, and at the same time he has a sense of freshness in the folk songs of oral literature. Not only did he learn to sing folk songs, but he was also inspired by folk songs and wrote some good and memorable poems such as "Bamboo Branch Ci" and "Willow Branch Ci", creating a new style. Finally a master.
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