The pictures accompanying this article were provided by Pan Xiao
1
The spiritual highland of Nanyang
Writer Li Yuan said that there is a road in the west of Nanyang City. A magical high hill that connects the north and south. It takes over the remaining 800-mile stretch of Funiu Mountain, starting from the top of Zishan Mountain and ending at the shore of Feishui River. A high hill gave birth to Qin Prime Minister Baili Xi and Shu Prime Minister Zhuge Liang.
I stand under the high-rise buildings in Nanyang City today, and in the midst of daily busyness, I can no longer see this high hill, let alone the remnants of Funiu Mountain. Disappearance in modern life seems to be a necessity.
Because modern Nanyang people are too busy. Don't you see that under the night, people are drinking and drinking in various hotels in Nanyang City. If you don't see it, the city is expanding, and the main roads of Nanyang City are flowing continuously. If you don’t see the official career economy, how many Nanyang people are running around on the road, persistently using their wits and even scheming for the dream in their hearts.
My aunt’s wedding photos in 1961 with Zhuge Lu as the background
Heroes, literati, prominent officials, and anonymous people have come here. . This place has experienced the fighting of the Anti-Japanese War and the turmoil of the times.
More than 2,600 years ago, Baili Xi, an official of the Yu State, grew up on this high hill. After the fall of the country, he fled back to this high hill as a slave to live in seclusion.
The Qin people were thirsty for talents, but they were worried that the Nanyang people would not give them to them, so they offered five sheepskins and asked the Nanyang people to send back the "slave" Baili Xi. The "Doctor Wuxi" who was returned later laid the foundation for Duke Mu of Qin to unify the country.
More than 1,800 years ago, after losing his father and mother, losing his uncle, and his family in decline, Zhuge Liang came to this high hill in Nanyang. While studying and farming, he made friends with famous people from all over the world. This high hill in Nanyang attracted Liu Bei to visit his thatched cottage three times, and this was the beginning of the three-part world.
"In the capital of Xianle, it is both beautiful and healthy. It is located in the south of Beijing and in the Yangtze River of Han Dynasty. It cut off the rich soil of Zhou and Chu and formed a frontier across Jing and Henan."
This is Nanyang City written by Zhang Heng. Zhang Heng lived in the Eastern Han Dynasty after the Ming Dynasty. At this time, the national destiny had begun to decline, but at this time Nanyang still maintained the glory of the imperial hometown:
Guangwu's former residence stands tall here, and guests from all over the world are here. Here people drink and drink together, young warriors let their horses gallop here, and people fish, hunt and grow mulberries here.
In the 1990s, Wollongong was a good place for weekend team building for employees. I still had a mouthful of Jianlibao that I didn’t finish, so I was photographed.
Thousands of years later, the once glorious mansions in Nanyang no longer exist. The once prominent families in Nanyang have been buried underground with bricks. The only thing left in Nanyang is this high hill.
Historically, whenever there was a flood in Nanyang, people would run to this high hill. Geographically, Gaogang provides a shelter for Nanyang people. Whenever there is a war here, the people of Nanyang will also think of this post, because by guarding this post, they will preserve Nanyang's geographical advantage.
As many times as there have been floods and wars in Nanyang's history, there have been many times when Nanyang people came to this hill and passed by Zhuge'an on this hill.
Review the historical details here. On the occasion of the 1911 Revolution, Xie Baosheng, the commander-in-chief of Nanyang, went to Wollongong to inspect the defense. He did not forget to go to Zhuge Temple to have his fortune told. The hexagram said:
You ask me, who am I asking? There are five hundred thieves sitting underneath you.
It turns out that Zhuge'an has already been densely populated by people from the Revolutionary Party.
In 1939, the Japanese army attacked. The Nanyang people shared the same hatred as the Chinese army and fought bravely against the enemy, achieving great victory in the New Tang Dynasty. The educational community in Henan Province has erected a monument to the Anti-Japanese War in Wollongong.
In March 1945, the Japanese army assembled five divisions and the Fourth Cavalry Brigade with more than 70,000 troops to invade Nanyang, Laohekou, and Xiangyang, and began to compete with the Chinese army for this high hill, Wollongong. The Taoist priests and villagers in the army fought against the enemy together with the Huangqiaosong tribe. However, the enemy was strong and we were weak, and Nanyang fell.
It seems that Zhuge'an in Wollongong secretly determines the fate of Nanyang. Whoever defends Wollongong will defend Nanyang City.
2
Faith in words
On this high hill is the present Wuhou Temple. In the book, Li Yuan tells the origin of Wuhou Temple -
In the autumn of 234 AD, Huang Quan learned in Nanyang that Zhuge Liang had died of illness in Wuzhangyuan, so he came to Wollongong to commemorate his comrades in front of Zhuge Temple. , then there was the earliest sacrifice in Wuhou Temple.
Jingzhou fell and Guan Yu was killed. Liu Bei wanted to attack Soochow with all his troops. Huang Quan advised him, but Liu Bei insisted on attacking Soochow. The attack failed and Huang Quan was blocked from retreating. "Submit Wu" No, there is no way back to Shu" and he was forced to surrender to Cao Wei.
Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi always admired Huang Quan, worshiped him as General Zhennan, and granted him the title of Marquis of Juiyang. However, as a foreign general living in a foreign land, Huang Quan's ambitions were not fulfilled, his flesh and blood were separated, he was not trusted, and he felt depressed. More than 1780 years ago, he could not lead his soldiers to solemnly worship Zhuge Liang, so he could only hold a private sacrifice on this high hill to express the feeling of family and country as a soldier.
In history, there are two Zhuge Liangs.
One is a historical figure who started in Nanyang, traveled across the battlefield, was busy with state affairs, and devoted himself to his life.
One is Zhuge Liang, who was able to predict events like a god, discern assassins with his eyes, borrow arrows from straw boats, retreat troops in an empty city, observe the sky at night, and be deified by later generations.
In reality and myth, the two Zhuge Liangs have one thing in common, which is the word "loyalty".
In his book, Li Yuan described in detail the events of worshiping Zhuge Liang in the past dynasties. From Huang Quan's private sacrifice, to the emperor's official sacrifice, to the sacrifices and visits of literati, military generals, and bureaucrats of all ages, the historical details behind Zhuge Liang's sacrifices for thousands of years have been shown to the world.
Wollongong in his childhood
When Li Bai came to Nanyang, he recalled Tao Zhugong and Baili Xi, and even more yearned for Zhuge Liang: "Who knows Wolong guest, he sings and worries about his temples. "
Li Bai said, "Who knows me as a talented person like Zhuge Liang?" Reciting a song "Liang Fu Yin" for a long time makes people sad. Li Bai compares himself to Zhuge Liang. He hopes to be like Zhuge Liang and make achievements together with heroes. When Li Bai was summoned by Xuanzong and went out laughing, Zhuge Liang's achievements must have been surging in his heart.
Liu Yuxi failed to participate in the political reform and was demoted to Hezhou, where he suffered a lot of hardships.
He also thought of Zhuge Liang, so he wrote the "Inscription on the Humble House" to clarify his ambition: "Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Yunting in Western Shuzi." The temporary frustration is nothing, the clouds will eventually clear and the fog will clear. .
So when Liu Yuxi returned to Chang'an after being demoted for 23 years, he did not forget to write about Xuandu Temple again:
The hundred-acre courtyard is half covered with moss, and all the peach blossoms are in bloom.
Where do Taoist priests who grow peach go? Liu Lang, who was here before, is here again.
It means, those conservatives, I, Liu Lang, are back! I will never change my original intention!
Yue Fei passed through Nanyang on his Northern Expedition and visited the Wuhou Temple. It rained and he stayed overnight in the temple. Late at night, I held a candle and watched the poems and essays of the sages in Wuhou Temple and their teachings before and after. I burst into tears and couldn't sleep. So he cried and wrote "Execution of the Master" in handwriting, expressing his depression. Yue Fei saw the weight of the word "loyalty" from the poems and inscriptions in Wuhou Temple, which touched his inner anguish.
Luo Jing, the prefect of the Qing Dynasty, came to Nanyang and wanted to build the Wuhou Temple to show his loyalty. The prefect Gu Jiaheng also wrote a couplet in handwriting to end the dispute between Nanyang and Xiangyang: "My heart is in the imperial court, and I don't care whether I belong to the imperial court or not; if I am famous in the world, why should I distinguish between Xiangyang and Nanyang?"
In February When the river was still Ling Jiefang and Wollongong was still a Taoist temple, he was having fun on this high hill when he discovered 10 words engraved on a stone tablet in Wollongong: "It is not a gentleman to be a foreigner, but a husband is to stay in the middle." So he encouraged him. In an era when reading is useless, reading is a priority.
Li Yuan used meticulous research and vivid narratives to connect the texts and inscriptions about Wuhou Temple in the past dynasties, and outline for us the beliefs and pursuits of the Chinese people in front of Wuhou Temple.
Chinese people do not have Western-style religion. Chinese religion is hidden in the admiration of faith, implicit in the worship of sages, and expressed in the ideas of poetry, calligraphy, and inscriptions. . Poems express aspirations, books convey feelings, and inscriptions remember them.
On this high hill in the west of Nanyang City, Li Yuan visited ancient times and collected these inscriptions scattered in the dust. He rubbed them and recreated the spirit advocated by the Chinese.
3
The reflection of virtuality and reality
Chinese people commemorate a person and build temples and shrines for him. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, known as Zhuge'an among the common people, is the place where Zhuge Liang worked hard. Starting from Huang Quan's private sacrifice, generations of Chinese people have placed their reverence and faith in Wuhou Temple.
There is a lotus in Wuhou Temple, which is hollow and straight on the outside, emerging from the mud but not stained. There are ancient cypresses in Wuhou Temple, which is Zhuge Liang's noble character. There is Ningyuan Tower in Wuhou Temple, which is the former site of Zhuge Liang's study place. It is so peaceful that it reaches far away. There is an academy in Wuhou Temple, which inherits the spirit of farming and reading...
Li Yuan chose the visible and tangible relics of Wollongong to tell the allusions behind them and the Chinese people's understanding of them. The admiration and deification of Marquis Wu.
Every plant and tree Zhuge Liang saw on this high hill, the thatched cottage where he lived, and the stone well where water was collected all gave the Chinese people a home for their memories.
The beautiful scenery of Wollongong has built a belief system, allowing people who come here to experience the importance of Wuhou Temple in the Chinese spirit.
Who is not a passerby? The flower is the master. Over the past thousands of years, how many people have been here, sighing with emotion, shedding tears, and setting aspirations, but they all passed by in a hurry. Only the trees, flowers, wells, and ruins here remain the same.
In Nanyang in the old days, there was the Tomb of Huang Quan at the foot of Dushan Mountain, the Shangxiaguandi Temple along the Baihe River, and the Tomb of Bailixi and the Wuhou Temple in the west of the city. These ruins constitute a set of Nanyang Belief system, Nanyang advocates loyal and honest people! Advocate for heroes with individuality and restlessness!
In Nanyang today, Huang Quan's tomb has been destroyed, Bailixi's tomb no longer exists, and the Guandi Temple no longer exists. The weight of history is condensed in Wollongong. As long as this high hill remains, the words that record the characteristics of Nanyang people and the spirit of the Chinese people will have a tangible existence.
In the book, Li Yuan quoted Wang Liqun, a professor at the School of Liberal Arts of Henan University:
"In the long history of China, Nanyang is like a fulcrum of a lever. As long as this fulcrum is obtained, It can influence the process of history."
Why do people who have been frustrated come to Nanyang to live in seclusion? Why are those who left Nanyang able to become kings and prime ministers? Why do celebrities from ancient and modern times mention Nanyang? Why do Nanyang people always feel restless? The answer lies right here in Wollongong.
For Nanyang people, Wollongong is a fulcrum of Nanyang history and the spiritual high ground of Nanyang people. With this high hill, we can leverage Nanyang's more than two thousand years of history, and we can also get a glimpse of the characteristics of Nanyang people and the spirit of the Chinese people.
Li Yuan said that over the years, he has cherished the hard-won job opportunities in Wollongong and deeply loves Wollongong, a place where he relies on for survival and spiritual comfort. Life is full of vegetation and autumn, and you must leave something for Wollongong. So he wrote this book for Wollongong.
Li Yuan's "Visiting the Ancients and Tracing Wollongong" describes Wollongong's belief system that has lasted for thousands of years in the construction of virtuality and reality.
Although this high hill is now obscured by modern life. But generations of Chinese people have never stopped writing about this high hill.
The writer Li Yuan has made many forgetful or confused Chinese people remember the weight of this high hill in their busy life. Under the shadow of the tall buildings, they can see this high hill shining brightly. .
On October 12, 2017, "People's Daily Overseas Edition" published the book news and stated that "Visiting Ancient Times and Tracing Wollongong" is the first collection of cultural essays to interpret the Wuhou Temple in Nanyang and focus on the cultivated land of Sangu Gong. ." Promote to more than 200 countries and regions overseas.
(Dream of the Three Kingdoms) Nanyang (5) Wolong (5) This (1)