"Untitled" is a set of seven-character poems written by Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Basic introduction Title of work: Untitled? Creation year: Tang Dynasty Work genre: Seven-character poem Author: Li Shangyin One, two, three, four, one of which is untitled (Part 1) Last night’s stars and last night’s wind, west of the painting building and east of Guitang . There is no colorful phoenix flying wings in the body, but there is a clear understanding in the heart. Separate seats are served with spring wine to warm them up, and separate seats are covered with candles and covered with red lamps. Sighing, I listened to the drum and went to answer the official's request. I walked around Malantai and turned around. Untitled: The author is secretive about what he is writing and is unwilling or inconvenient to give a title. 2. Painting building: a building decorated with colorful paintings. Guitang: A hall built with fragrant wood. 3. Lingxi: The ancients called the rhinoceros horn with a white stripe running through the center "Tongtian rhinoceros" and regarded it as a magical thing of the gods. 4. Sending hooks: "The Story of Han Wu": "When Mrs. Gou Yi was young, she used her fists. The emperor put her hands on her hands and got a jade hook, which allowed her hands to expand. Therefore, it was the trick of hiding the hook." Later generations imitated it and it became a popular banquet. A kind of drinking order, hidden in the hand with a hook, making people guess, but not drinking. 5. Divide: group. Shooting: Guess what is hidden under the utensil. If you fail to guess, drink. 6. Lantai: the Secretary Province. "Old Tang Book·Zhiguanzhi": "Secretary Province, Longshuochu was changed to Lantai". Turmeric: a kind of grass that grows like a round ball. It dries up after autumn and is blown away from its roots by the wind and drifts away with the wind. Taking "Untitled" as the title of the poem was Li Shangyin's creation. There have always been different interpretations of this poem, some of it is about romance, some are about the misfortune of the emperor and his ministers. Even in terms of love, it is difficult to know who the person is. Liu and Yu's "Jijie" says: "These two poems are obviously poems, rather than allegorical works. ... The descriptions are almost the author's personal experiences. Rather than relying on things to express feelings, they use beautiful women to describe gentlemen. The fable. ...these two chapters describe the banquet scene in detail, and give a detailed account of 'my' official performance...the first chapter is a recollection of a banquet in the back hall of a noble family that I attended last night. On the west side of the painting building and east of the Guitang, there is no link between the bodies. It means that although the bodies of each other are not close to each other, they are like a pair of colorful phoenixes flying together, but the hearts are like a line of communication, and the abdominal couplets are connected and connected. , the wine is warm and the lights are red, it describes the lively scene of the feast, and while the two parties are drinking and drinking, you can imagine the understanding between the two parties... The last couplet is about the morning drum urging people, not to stay for a long time, to go to the official post in Lantai. On this occasion, I can't help but sigh. "Listening to the Drum and Responding to the Official" corresponds to the next poem "One Night", and the banquet last night lasted until dawn... The two poems were written during Yishan's tenure in the secret province. It seems possible that the spring of the fourth year of Kaicheng, the spring of the second year of Huichang, and the spring of the sixth year are all possible, but it is difficult to determine when Feng Xi entered the secret province in the early fourth year of Kaicheng, and when Zhang Xi became a official official in the second year of Huichang, there is no definite evidence. The last couplet of the chapter uses "Zao Malantai" as a symbol of an uncertain life, which seems to bring a sense of being lost and alone. In the late spring, I went to the eastern suburbs of Zhaogui and cried bitterly for my brothers. The mood of the poem seems to be that it was written in the spring of the sixth year of Huichang. However, there is no confirmation that it was originally written in the spring of the second year of Huichang. The green calyx of Daochang Gate looked at each other as far as the end of the world. Who would have thought that one night a guest from the Qin Dynasty peeked at the flowers in King Wu's garden. Although these two poems cannot be dated to a certain year, they must have been written by Shang Yin when he was in Chang'an. Shangyin is married to the Wang family, and the love affair in the poem is not for the Wang family, so it must be an extramarital affair. Judging from the life content described in the poem, the person he loves must be a woman from a noble family, but it can only be the case. The third and fourth lines are famous lines and the focus of this poem. The second is untitled (Part 2). It is empty words and disappears. The moon is setting at five o'clock in the morning. The dream is far away and it is difficult to call it out. The ink is not yet thick. The wax shines on the half-cage of golden jade, and the musk smoke slightly embroiders the hibiscus. Liu Lang already hates that Pengshan is far away, and there is a rustling east wind and drizzle outside the Hibiscus Pond. The toad burns incense, and the jade tiger pulls the silk back to the well. The Jia family peeks into the curtain, and the concubine Mi stays on the pillow of the king of Wei. . Refers to the dim light of the candle, which cannot fully illuminate the quilt on the bed. 2. Jin Jade: refers to the quilt decorated with gold and jade. ” 3. Musk deer: The name of this animal is the fragrant deer, and the secretions in its body can be used as spices. Here it refers to the aroma. 4. Degree: through.
Yishan specializes in elegance and beauty, with tassels of hundreds of treasures, and embodies desolation, deepness, and unforgettable thoughts. Part 3 Untitled (Part 3) It’s hard to say goodbye when we meet 2, the east wind is powerless and the flowers are withered. The spring silkworms will not run out of silk until they die, and the wax torches will turn into ashes before their tears dry up. Xiao Jing 6 But the worries about the clouds on the temples have changed, and I should feel the cold moonlight when I sing at night. There is not much way to get there from Pengshan 7, so Qingniao 8 is diligent in visiting. Li Shangyin Untitled Notes 1. Untitled: Since the Tang Dynasty, some poets have other aspirations and are unwilling or inconvenient to indicate the title of their works, so they often use "Untitled" as the title of their poems. The meaning of "untitled" poetry is obscure and generally difficult to explain accurately. 2. "Yan's Family Instructions": "Don't say it's easy, but you'll find it difficult." 3． Silk Fangjin: Silk is a homophonic word for "Si". "Si Fangjin" means that longing will not end until death. "Collection of Yuefu Poems·Western Songs·Making Silk": "Spring silkworms should not grow old, they always carry silk day and night. What a pity that the tiny body is gone, lingering will come naturally." 4. Wax torch: candle. The wax oil that drips down when a candle burns is called candle tears. 5. Tears begin to dry: Tears refer to the candle oil when burning. This is a pun, referring to the tears of lovesickness. 6. Xiaojing: dressing up and looking in the mirror in the morning; Yunyan: a woman’s abundant and beautiful hair, which is a metaphor for youth. 7. Penglai Mountain: Penglai Mountain, the legendary Penglai Fairy Mountain, is a metaphor for the place where those who are missed live. "Liezi·Tangwen": "There are five mountains to the east of the Bohai Sea, and the fifth day is Penglai." 8. Blue Bird: The legendary bird of the Queen Mother of the West. In mythology, the messenger who delivers news to the Queen Mother of the West refers here to the person who delivers the message. "The Story of Han Wu": "On July 7th, suddenly a blue bird flew in front of the palace. Dongfang Shuo said: 'The Queen Mother of the West is coming.' After a while, the Queen Mother arrived, and three blue bird warriors were waiting beside the Queen Mother." Appreciation This is what the poet said. "Untitled" is the most famous of the many poems titled "Untitled". The content of the entire poem revolves around the first sentence, especially the three words "It's also difficult to say goodbye". "East wind" ends the season, but it is also a metaphor for people's lovesickness. Because of the lingering emotions, people are as lifeless as withered spring flowers in late spring. The third and fourth sentences are a portrayal of mutual loyalty and eternal alliance. The fifth and sixth sentences respectively describe the melancholy and resentment of the two people because they cannot meet each other, and they feel cold and even lose their appearance. The only thing we can hope for is the idea in sentences seven and eight: I hope the bluebird will frequently convey lovesickness. Untitled Li Shangyin It's hard to say goodbye when we meet, the east wind is powerless and the flowers are withered. The spring silkworm's silk will not be used up until it dies, and the wax torch will not dry until it turns to ashes. The morning mirror is full of worry, but the clouds on the temples are changing, and the moonlight is cold when singing at night. There is not much way to get to Pengshan, and the blue bird is diligent in visiting. Lovesickness. Huang Donglei's wild cursive calligraphy "Untitled" Translation The opportunity to meet is really rare, and it is hard to say goodbye when we part. Moreover, the weather of late spring is about to end with the east wind, and the flowers have faded, which makes people even more sad. A spring silkworm spins a cocoon and spins out all its silk only when it dies. A candle's tear-like wax drips dry only when it has burned to ashes. When the woman puts on her makeup and looks in the mirror in the morning, she is only worried that her lush, cloud-like hair will change color and her youthful appearance will disappear. If a man moans and cannot sleep at night, he must feel the cold moon encroaching upon him. The other party's residence is not far away from Penglai Mountain, but there is no way to get there and it is out of reach. I hope there will be a messenger like a blue bird who will diligently visit my lover and deliver messages back and forth for me. The year when this poem was written is unknown, but some say it was written before marrying Wang in the third year of Kaicheng's reign (838). In terms of content, Wu, Feng, Zhang, and Wang all believed that it alluded to Linghu's work. Or it can be said that when Jinshi is promoted to the third rank, when he is transferred to Hongnongwei, it means the work of the king. However, these are all conjectures without evidence. Judging from the obvious description, it seems to be a love poem. The first sentence says that meeting each other is rare and parting is embarrassing. The second sentence uses the powerlessness of hundreds of flowers to symbolize being troubled by the longing for farewell and being depressed. The third and fourth lines are popular and famous lines, which are the focus of the whole poem. They express the deep and solemn love for each other, and the relationship between life and death. Five or six sentences are constructed to imagine the life scenes of the missed woman, implying the longing for the missing person, the close connection between the two hearts, and expressing concern and cherishment. At the end, I said that we are not far apart, but it is difficult to see and hear from each other. I hope someone can pass on the message and send greetings on my behalf. To explain it this way, this love must be a bitter love that is difficult to bear fruit. Another possibility is that this poem has no real meaning, but that the author is describing a summarized and purified life experience, either a love experience, a friendship experience, or both. In this way, it means life based on the love between men and women.
In short, this poem is the most widely read poem among Yishan's poems. It is deep but not obscure, gorgeous and natural, and the mood is sad but beautiful. No. 4 Untitled (No. 4) The heavy curtains are deep in Mochou Hall 1. After lying down, the night is long and slender. The life of a goddess was originally a dream 2, and the sister-in-law’s life was originally without a man. The wind and waves don’t believe that Lingzhi is weak. Who teaches the fragrance of osmanthus leaves to Moon Dew? It is useless to be lovesick 5 , and it is pure madness to be melancholy 6 . 1. Mochou: Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty's "Song of Water in the River": "The water in the river flows eastward, and the daughter of Luoyang is named Mochou. ... She married into the Lu family at the age of 15, and her son was named Ahou at the age of 16. The name of the Lu family is Lan. "Liang, there are tulips, Su Hexiang" and "Old Book of Tang·Music Chronicles": "Shicheng is in Jingling..."Mochou Le" comes from "Shicheng Le". There is a woman named Mochou in Shicheng, because she is good at singing. There is this song. "Anthology of Yuefu Poetry" Volume 48 "Mochou Music": "Where is Mochou? The boat is driving two oars to send Mochou." There were two Mochou, one in Luoyang and the other in Shicheng (now Zhongxiang County, Hubei). Mochou is used here to refer to a woman living in seclusion in a boudoir. The first two sentences describe the lonely scene of being alone. Chen Yongzheng said: "The word 'Xixi' is placed very well, showing the slow passage of time and the pain that eats away at the soul." 2. Goddess: the goddess of Wushan mentioned in Song Yu's "Gaotang Fu" , the mythical daughter of the Emperor of Heaven, she turns into clouds in the morning and rain in the evening. 3. Sister-in-law: Zhu Heling's Notes on Li Yishan's Collected Poems quoted: Ancient Yuefu's "Qingxi Sister-in-law's Song": "Open the door to white water, close to the bridge. Where my sister-in-law lives, she is alone without a man." Wu Jun's "Xu Qi Xie Ji": "Kaiji Zhao Wenshao" In the Song Dynasty, Yuanjia was an attendant in the East Palace. On an autumn night, she was walking on the middle bridge of Qingxi River. Go to bed. On the first day of the lunar month, don't leave. I will find it in the Qingxi Temple tomorrow, and I will know what I saw yesterday. "The Qingxi Goddess also recalled the past, and all the encounters were like dreams." Eventually it becomes nothingness. 4. The neck couplet says that the water chestnut branches are already weak, but the storm does not care about them and destroys them wantonly; the osmanthus leaves are fragrant, but the moon dew does not moisturize them. This says that although life is beautiful, it is helpless. Not only is it helpless, but it is also destroyed. Shangyin's poem "Deep Palace" contains the sentence "The mad rush does not care about the thin radish shade, but the clear dew only knows the thick osmanthus leaves". The sentence is the same as the sentence in "Feng Bo", and the couplet is the opposite of the sentence in "Moon Dew", so you can read it. 5. Straight: Hypothesis. Zhang Xiang's "Explanation of the Vocabulary of Poems, Songs and Phrases": "Zhi" is equivalent to words such as "even" and "hypothetical". It's useless: it has no effect at all. 6. Qingkuang: means to be unrestrained and infatuated. "Book of Han·Biography of the King of Changyi": "It is not beneficial to be mad." Note: "Everyone who is crazy has turbid yin and yang pulses. Now this person is not crazy like a crazy person, so he is pure and crazy." Du Fu's poem "The debauchery between Qi and Zhao, Qiu Ma is quite crazy." These two sentences are useless even if they miss each other. , you might as well stay in love forever. Wang Euzhi called this poem "Erotic and Unique" ("Selection of Tang Poems"). On the surface, this poem is about a woman who is alone in a boudoir, sleepless on a moonlit night, hurting herself, lonely, and missing lovesickness in vain, but in fact, it is used to express her feelings about her life experience. An important theme in this Yishan poem. The writing style is ethereal, with more generalizations and less specific things. It expresses sustenance and expresses meaning beyond words. The first couplet "The night after lying down is long and thin" expresses the meaning of loneliness, sadness and helplessness. The couplet on the chin is similar to "Repassing the Shrine of the Holy Maiden" "A spring dream often rains and the tiles are flying, and the wind is full of dissatisfaction at the end of the day", but the feeling of life being illusory, like a dream and smoke is more obvious. The neck couplet focuses on describing the ups and downs and misfortunes in life, but the meanings of "storm" and "moon dew" are subtle and difficult to grasp. The last couplet says that since life is helpless, it might as well be free from madness. Many of Shang Yin's poems have this kind of sentimental and helpless feeling, such as "Spring Reminiscing": The world is full of prosperity and decline, and I sit alone in Qiu Garden for four springs. Even if there are flowers and a moon, it's a shame to have no wine and no one. The green robe is like grass, and the white hair is like silk. I want to chase the storm for thousands of miles, but I don’t know where to get to Longjin?