Summary of Chinese and Literature Common Sense in Senior High School Entrance Examination 1, Tao Yuanming:, cheerful, Mr. posthumous title Wuliu, renamed Qian in his later years, was born in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Peach Blossom Garden and Drinking II. Wang Wei: The word "Mo Mo" is a very famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. Because of his official position, he is called Wang Youcheng. Go to the fortress 3. Li Bai: (A.D. 70 1-762), the word Taibai, was named Qinglian layman.
Li Bai is a famous poet in Tang Dynasty and one of the most famous poets in China. He is another great romantic poet in the history of China literature after Qu Yuan, and is known as "Poet Fairy". Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Du Li".
"I heard that Wang Changling moved to the Longbiao kiln on the left." 4. Du Fu: (7 12—770), a great poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, is known as a "poet saint". Tang Suzong, Official Left Addendum.
After he entered Shu, he was recommended by his friends as a staff officer of Ren Jiannan Drug Rehabilitation Center, and Yuan Wailang was appointed as the school's engineering department. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu.
The hut was broken by the autumn wind 5. Bai Juyi: (772-846), the word Letian, was named Xiangshan layman. In his later years, the official was the Prince with less Fu, and posthumous title was Bai Fu and Bai Wengong.
He actively advocated the new Yuefu movement in literature, arguing that articles should be written in time and poems should be written for things. He wrote many poems lamenting the times and reflecting the sufferings of the people, which had a great influence on later generations. He is a very important poet in the history of China literature.
Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake. 6. Liu Yuxi: Zi Meng, a poet and philosopher in the middle Tang Dynasty. Advocating political innovation is one of the core figures of the Wang school's political innovation activities.
"Humble Room Inscription" and "The First Meeting in Yangzhou" 7. Liu Zongyuan: a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Word thickness.
The world is called Liuhe East. Because of the official to Liuzhou secretariat, also known as Liu Liuzhou.
He advocated the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty with Han Yu and called it Liu Han. Xiaoshitang age 8. Fan Zhongyan: Zi Xiwen was a famous politician and commander-in-chief in the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as an outstanding writer and educator.
The story of Yueyang Tower, the pride of Fan Zhongyan's fisherman Qiu Si 9. Ouyang Xiu: a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
The word uncle Yong, drunk Weng, sixty-one layman. "Preface to Drunk Pavilion" 10, Wang Anshi: The word "Mid-level Mountain" was named Jing Guogong, and the world was also called king.
An outstanding politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Shang 1 1, Su Shi: Zi Zhan, He, Zi Dongpo Jushi, a famous writer and painter in the Song Dynasty (Northern Song Dynasty). He, his father, Su Xun, and his younger brother, Su Zhe, are both famous for their literature, and they are collectively called "Sansu". It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty.
In addition, Su Shi, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty were called "the eight great masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" together with Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Song Dynasty. Together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang, they are called the calligraphers who can best represent the achievements of calligraphy in the Song Dynasty, and they are collectively called' Song Sijia'.
Jiangchengzi Hunting in Michigan.
12, Xin Qiji: (1 140- 1207), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. The word "You 'an" is Jia Xuan, who wrote Jia Xuan's short sentences and Broken Array (drunk watching the sword).
13, Ma Zhiyuan: a famous dramatist in Yuan Dynasty. Most (now Beijing) people.
Ma Zhiyuan's name is ominous. The name "Dongli" was later used to show Tao Yuanming's ambition.
He is older than Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. Tianjingsha (14), Wu: (1701-1754), born in Quanjiao, Anhui Province in Qing Dynasty.
In his later years, he wrote "The Scholars" fifty-five times. Fan Jinzhong ju 15, Lu Xun: a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
China is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun was originally named Zhou Zhangshou, later renamed Zhou Shuren, whose real name was Zhang Shou and whose real name was Yucai; "Lu Xun" is the pseudonym he used after taking part in the May 4th Movement. Because of its growing influence, people used to call it Lu Xun.
Chang and Three Seas Classics, Kong Yiji, Xue and China, have people lost confidence? 16, Lao She: a modern writer, formerly known as Shu Qingchun, whose real name is She Yu, a native of Manchu Zhenghongqi, a Beijinger, a modern novelist, dramatist and famous writer in China. Winter in Jinan 17, Zhu Ziqing: (1898.1.22—1948.8.12) was originally named Huazi, and later renamed Ziqing, with conditions attached.
Go to sleep, little man. 19 19 was written in February. It was his first poem. He was a participant in the May 4th patriotic movement and embarked on the literary road under the influence of the May 4th wave.
Come back. 18, Guo Moruo: Formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, the market in the sky.
19, Chekhov: Russian novelist and dramatist. He is called the three great short story masters together with French and American.
Chameleon 20. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China. The Book of Songs was originally named "Poetry", and there are 305 * *, so it is also called "Poetry 300".
Confucianism has regarded it as a classic since the Han Dynasty, so it is called The Book of Songs. Most of the authors of the poems in The Book of Songs cannot be verified.
2 1, Zuo Zhuan: Legend has it that it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. This is an ancient chronological historical work of China.
Zuo Zhuan is the full name of Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, formerly known as Zuo Chunqiu, and also known as Zuo Chunqiu and Zuo Shi in the Han Dynasty. It was called Zuo Zhuan only after the Han Dynasty.
It is also called "Three Biographies of Spring and Autumn" with Biography of Ram and Biography of Gu Liang. Zuo Zhuan represents the highest achievement of pre-Qin historiography, is an important document to study pre-Qin history and Spring and Autumn history, and has a great influence on later historiography, especially on establishing the status of chronological history books.
22. The Analects: The Analects was quoted for the first time. The typicality of China's articles also stems from this.
The Analects faithfully recorded Confucius' words and deeds, and also reflected Confucius' thoughts. There are twenty articles in this edition of The Analects.
The core of the political thought of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, is "benevolence", "courtesy" and "righteousness". 23. "Mencius": Confucian classics.
Mencius is a book that imitates saints. It not only absorbed the essence of The Analects of Confucius, but also accepted some characteristics of Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean. In Mencius, the most prominent embodiment is the thought of benevolence and righteousness.
Benevolence is the center of Confucianism. Confucius often talks about benevolence and seldom gives lectures, while Mencius pays equal attention to benevolence and righteousness. He has a famous saying, that is,' lay down one's life for righteousness'. The book Mencius is developed by asking and answering questions, with refutation as the main argumentation method.
It accurately recorded Mencius' thoughts.
2. Literature common sense that must be tested in the senior high school entrance examination
The literary knowledge to be mastered in the senior high school entrance examination mainly includes the common sense of novels, essays, poems and plays, as well as the important writers and works involved in the basic course text.
In real life, reading appreciation of novels, essays and other literary styles is particularly important, so mastering literary knowledge of several genres is the basis of reading. 1. The three elements of knowledge novel of novel, prose, poetry and drama are typical characters, complete stories and specific environment.
The description methods of shaping characters include portrait description, psychological description, action description, language description and detail description. The plot of the novel includes the beginning, development, * * * and ending.
The environment of the novel includes social environment and natural environment. Prose can be divided into narrative prose and lyric prose.
Prose is characterized by "scattered form but not spirit". When reading prose, we should pay attention to grasping the clues of the article.
The knowledge of the above genres should be based on the appendix of the knowledge essay in the textbook. (Talk about novels, prose, how to read poems, and drama literature) 2. The understanding of important writers' works should be based on the contents of textbook notes, and important writers can expand their works and achievements appropriately.
Memorize the author's name, official position, font size, nationality and representative works of the text. The writing of specific words should be based on the textbook.
In the review, this kind of knowledge can be reviewed in a list.
3. Four classic novels of Chinese common sense and literature in senior high school entrance examination
1. Journey to the West-A Fantasy Mythological World Author: Wu Cheng'en (Ming) Main contents: It consists of three parts: the Monkey King's havoc in the Heavenly Palace, the birth of Tang Priest, and Tang Priest's disciples' pilgrimage to the West.
Along the way, they have gone through difficulties and obstacles, gained the true scriptures and achieved positive results. Main characters: ① Tang Priest: honest and kind, devoted to Buddhism, but timid, pedantic and poor in discriminating ability.
② the Monkey King: Rebel and rebel in feudal society, active and naughty, with strong martial arts, brave and witty, fierce as an enemy. (3) Pig Bajie: simple and honest, brave and ruthless, not afraid of demons, but greedy and sleepy, funny and absurd, with the consciousness characteristics of small producers and ordinary citizens.
④ Friar Sand: Simple and honest, loyal. Typical plots: ① Tang Priest-Buddhist scriptures; ② the Monkey King-making trouble in the Heavenly Palace, three-tone banana fan, Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon, beating Hong Haier; ③ Pig Bajie-Gao Laozhuang's wedding; ④ Friar Sand-Liushahe's artistic characteristics: ① Being good at telling stories and being readable.
② Good at shaping characters. 3 Good at imagination and bold exaggeration.
Enlightenment or feeling: No matter what difficulties you encounter, as long as you set goals, dare to face them and go forward bravely, you will certainly realize your ideals. Second, "Water Margin"-a heroic legend against feudal tyranny Author: Shi Naian (late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty) Main content: It vividly describes the process of Liangshan heroes from uprising to prosperity and finally failure.
In particular, the theme of "* * *" is clearly expressed by writing many different life experiences and resistance roads of rebellious heroes. Main characters: ① Song Jiang (timely rain): the ideal loyal minister of the people and the most prestigious leader in the uprising army.
Can unite brothers and recruit talents; Resourceful, decisive and decisive, with military and organizational capabilities; Character has both resistance and compromise. (2) Lu (Flower Monk): Illness is like hatred, chivalrous and brave, rough and refined, open-minded and sensible, and hot-tempered.
(3) Lin Chong (Leopard Head): Before he was forced to go to Liangshan, he resigned, endured humiliation and self-compromise, and then became smart and brave. Song Wu (Walker): a symbol of loyalty and justice, a typical warrior, a representative of revenge and a just man.
⑤ Li Kui jy (Black Cyclone): generous, straightforward, loyal and helpful. Typical plot: ① Song Jiang-anti-poem ② Lu-punched the town of Kansai, inverted weeping willows ③ Lin Chong-Fengxue Mountain Temple, strayed into the White Tiger Hall ④-Angrily killed Ximen Qing, beat him after drinking, recaptured the happy forest, and made a cloud fly, and blood splashed on the Yuanyang Building ⑤ JY-waved white stripes, Yiling four tigers, chopped axes, and explored caves to save Chai Jin and Yuan.
② The narrative is informative and wonderful. The language is popular and vivid, and the characters are vivid.
Enlightenment or feeling: Like the heroes in the Water Margin, take evil as the enemy and uphold justice. However, the feudal dross such as indiscriminate killing and discrimination against women in the works should be abandoned.
Three, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Author: Luo Guanzhong (Ming) Main content: Narrating the intensified exploitation of political darkness by the landlord class and the melee situation of mutual annexation after the failure of the Yellow Scarf Uprising in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, as well as the rise and fall history of the Three Kingdoms. Main characters: ① Liu Bei: a loyal and kind corporal.
Guan Yu: Loyal to the liver, righteous and courageous, upright and upright. Zhang Fei: Brave and rude, taking evil as enemy.
④ Cao Cao: A statesman, strategist and poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, with both wisdom and courage. ⑤ Zhuge Liang: Foresighted, knowledgeable and indifferent to fame and fortune, he was a politician and strategist at that time.
⑥ Sun Quan: Blue-eyed and purple-bearded, Huanglong descended to the world. In his later years, he was courageous and ignorant. Typical examples: ① Liu Bei-three visits to the thatched cottage, Yuanmen shooting halberd ② Guan Yu-single-handedly handing over the alliance, going through five customs and beheading six generals, beating Hua Xiong with warm wine, scraping bones and healing, throwing Cao Cao into Maicheng-"Better teach me to betray the world than the world to betray me", ④ Kongming-burning a new field, contending with Confucianism, and capturing Meng Huo seven times.
Whether it is right and wrong or failure, it is empty now and has disappeared with the passage of time. Castle Peak still exists, the sun still rises and the sunset still sets.
(2) Tell the scary story of the hero for a while. Smart people cover up the thunder they hear and improvise.
Enlightenment or perception: is it an era of heroes? Their only concern is the power struggle, especially the only dragon chair struggle. In order to fight for the dragon chair, they did not hesitate to kill and bleed, burst their banks and set fire to it ... why didn't so many heroes say a word for the people? Four, "Dream of Red Mansions" Author: Cao Xueqin (Qing) Main content: Taking Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue as the background, taking the love between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu as the clue, it describes the process of Jia and Ning from prosperity to decline.
Main characters: ① Lin Daiyu: sentimental and versatile. ② Jia Baoyu: Hony Son, King of Flowers in the Red Cave, rich and idle, pursuing freedom and happiness, with rebellious spirit.
3 Wang Xifeng: smart and capable, sweet-talking, bitter, ruthless, duplicitous, greedy and selfish. Xiangling: She is talented and skillful.
⑤ Granny Liu: Be careful, strike a balance, be chivalrous and courageous. Typical examples: ① Daiyu-burying flowers and burning poems ② Baoyu-sleepwalking, crying in Xiaoxiang Pavilion ③ Wang Xifeng-setting up a lovesickness bureau, assisting Ning ④ Xiangling-learning poems ⑤ Grandma Liu-entering the Grand View Garden: one is Xianpa, and the other is flawless jade.
If there is no strange fate, I will meet him again in this life; If you say there is a strange fate, how can you be worried? Enlightenment or perception: After reading A Dream of Red Mansions, we can realize the decay and decline of the landlord class aristocratic groups. Their decline is inevitable.
4. What is the common sense of literature in the language of senior high school entrance examination?
The author's senior high school entrance examination works come from nationalities/dynasties. The author commented on Zhu Ziqing's Spring —— Modern Poet, Prose Writer, Scholar and Democracy Fighter Lu Xun's From a Hundred Herbs Garden to a Moon in Three Tans, Late Flowers, Contradictions among Great Modern Writers, Thinkers and Revolutionists, Praise of Poplar, Miscellanies of Experiences, Bing Xin, Xiao Orange Lantern, Aesop, a famous modern woman writer and Aesop, a children's writer. Encyclopedia of knowledge, famous educator Wu Han Tan Gu, Selected Essays of Wu Han, Modern Historian Wang Yuanjian, Seven Matches, People's Literature, Modern Writer Andersen's The Emperor's New Clothes, Selected Fairy Tales of Andersen, The Chameleon of Chekhov in Denmark-Mencius, Russian Critical Realist Writer1. Zhuge Liang, a master of Confucianism, was an outstanding politician and thinker in the Three Kingdoms period. Tao Yuanming, a military strategist, collected works of Tao Yuanming Liu Yuxi, a famous poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, a humble room inscription, Su Shi, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, a night trip to Chengtian Temple, Fan Zhongyan, a famous writer in the Song Dynasty, Su Wenzhong's public collection, Yueyang Tower, Fan Wenzheng's drunken pavilion preface and Ouyang Wenzhong's official collection. Li Bai, a historian, heard that Wang Changling moved to the left of The Dragon Watch, and Selected Poems by Xin Qiji, a romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty, broke the ranks and gave Chen Tongfu a strong message-Yan Shu, a famous patriotic poet in the Song Dynasty, Lao She, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, a modern writer Du Fu, and Han Yu, a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. —— Wang Anshi, a famous writer in the Tang Dynasty —— Lu You, a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty —— Li Qingzhao, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty —— Pu Songling, a famous poetess in the Song Dynasty —— a writer in the Qing Dynasty.
5. Junior high school Chinese and literature knowledge
Lu Xun, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, was originally named Zhou Shuren. Ziyushan is a great proletarian writer, thinker and revolutionary, and the commander-in-chief of China's Cultural Revolution. Also known as "soul of china" by the people.
Collection of novels: Scream, Wandering and New Stories; (The True Story of Ah Q is included in Scream)
Prose Collection: Flowers in the Morning and Flowers in the Evening (formerly known as "Coming Back to Life")
Literary works: a brief history of China's novels;
Prose poetry anthology: weeds
Letters from Fu Lei is an excerpt from a letter from Fu Lei, a literary translator in China, to Fu Cong, Fu Min and other children. This book is an excellent reading for teenagers' ideological cultivation, a classic model of quality education and a masterpiece of teaching children full of father's love. The two children they painstakingly trained (the famous piano master Fu Cong and the super English teacher Fu Min) are the successful embodiment of their educational ideas such as being a man first, getting married later, thinking independently and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Therefore, Mr. and Mrs. Fu Lei have also become role models for China's parents.
The Education of Love is a children's novel written by the Italian writer Edmund de Amicus. The film works of the same name combine all the greatest loves in the world: the love of teachers, the love of students, the love of parents, the love of children and the love of classmates ... each kind of love is not earth-shattering, but it is touching.
Ba Jin, formerly known as Li Yaotang, was called Yi Fu. Modern writers, publishers and translators. At the same time, he is also considered as one of the most influential writers since the May 4th New Culture Movement, an outstanding literary master in China in the 20th century and a contemporary literary master in China. He has written many books, including Home and Spring and Autumn Annals. Ba Jin is considered to represent the conscience of Chinese mainland intellectuals.
Bing Xin died at the age of 99. His original name was Xie Wanying and his pen name was Bing Xin. It means "a piece of ice in the jade pot". Known as the "old man of the century", he is a famous modern poet, writer, translator and children's writer.
Biography of Who, also known as Biography of the Three Giants, is a biographical work written by romain rolland, a famous French critical realist, at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. It includes three biographies: Beethoven, Michelangelo and Tolstoy.
The Water Margin, also known as the loyalty and loyalty of the Water Margin, was written at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. It is the first vernacular novel in the history of China and one of the four classical novels of China.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is China's first novel with a chapter-by-chapter style, which describes the contradictions and struggles between the political and military groups of Wei, Shu and Wu Sanda, led by Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and even during the Three Kingdoms period. On the broad social and historical background, it showed the sharp, complex and distinctive political and military conflicts of that era, which had a far-reaching impact on future generations in political and military strategy.
The Journey to the West is one of the four classical novels of China. The Journey to the West was compiled by Wu Cheng'en, a novelist of Ming Dynasty in the middle of Ming Dynasty, through the efforts of numerous folk artists and authors. This book describes the legendary adventure story of the Monkey King, Pig Bajie and Friar Sand, who protected Tang Priest's Buddhist scriptures in the West and experienced 81 difficulties.
I wish you good grades in the exam.