It was in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty in my country. Liu Wu, the king of Liang Xiao, was good at poetry and poetry, so he recruited many talented people in poetry and poetry to engage in creation. Among them were Sima Xiangru, Mei Cheng, King Wuqiu Shou, and Huainan Xiaoshan. , Zou Yang, were all famous figures at that time. King Xiao of Liang was open-minded and often discussed Fu with everyone. This directly promoted the prosperity of Han Fu and also cultivated talents for the later establishment of Hongdu School. In 156 BC, the 16-year-old Emperor Wu of Han ascended the throne. In order to consolidate the imperial power, Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "deposing hundreds of schools of thought and respecting only Confucianism" was adopted in terms of culture and the Imperial Academy was established. He also recruited a group of well-educated literary and artistic artists to serve in the imperial court. These literati actively supported the policies of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty politically, and showed extraordinary knowledge and talents in literature, so they were reused and appreciated. Among them is Sima Xiangru, who was praised by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for his works such as "Zixu Fu" and "Shanglin Fu". During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty Liu Hong loved literature and calligraphy. He invited those who were able to write and write among the students of the Imperial College to be under the sect of Hongdu in Luoyang, the capital. Later, he also recruited many people who were good at rulers and seals, and there were dozens of them at that time. In February 178, Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty ordered the creation of an academy to select talents. It is named after the school is located at Hongdu Gate in Luoyang.
The development of literature and art is another important condition for the establishment of Hongdu Menxue, a college of literature and art.
The prose and poetry of the Han Dynasty have always been recognized as glorious chapters in the history of ancient Chinese literature. Calligraphy also made great progress in the Han Dynasty, and it began to be regarded as an art. Painting in the Han Dynasty was also very developed, focusing on figure paintings. The court also used paintings to commend loyal ministers and righteous men. In short, the development of literature and art provides conditions for the emergence of specialized education in literature and art.
In addition to the Confucian classics as the main basis for selecting scholars in ancient my country, there were also those who selected scholars based on poetry and prose, which showed a tendency to value people's talents. Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty valued literary scholars, which was the source of literary scholars for later generations. These are all the positive effects he played on the development of education in ancient my country.
Students of Hongdu School are recommended by prefectures, counties, and three princes. Those who can write rulers, poems, and seal scripts can only be admitted after passing the examination. According to "Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Lingdi Ji" It is said that "up to a thousand people" have been recruited, which shows the large scale. Hongdu Menxue takes ruler tablets, novels, poems, calligraphy and painting as the main learning content. Ruler slips are the name of ancient letters. Since letters at that time were all engraved on simple slips with a size of one inch, they were called ruler slips, ruler Han, ruler slips, ruler slips, etc. It was originally a practical style and was widely used. Ruler slips have a certain writing format, including chapters, memorials, tables, refutes, and books. By the Han Dynasty, there were many wonderful proses in ruler slips. Therefore, learning ruler slips is both practical and literary.
The novels learned in Hongdu Menxue include myths and legends, street talk, and works of strange people and people. In short, Hongdu Menxue focuses on learning literature and artistic knowledge, which is different from other official schools that focus on Confucianism.
Most of the students of Hongdu Sect are unidentified landowners and their children. They are all "people who fight against evil spirits" looked down upon by the gentry. They are good at literature and art and are favored by the Ling Emperor. These students are successful in their studies. After that, most of them were awarded high-ranking officials, some became governors and prefects, became ministers and ministers, and some were granted marquisships and titles.
Hongdu School was very prosperous for a while, but it did not last long. It ended with the decline of the Han Dynasty. Although Hongdu Menxue was established not long ago, it has produced some famous calligraphers. They are mainly good at bird seal script and eight-point script. Representative figures include Shi Yiguan, Liang Hu, Mao Hong, etc.