1 . zhi； kān； Zhu ó; Dan.
2. competition; Actually; Measures; Resist
3.( 1) cannot develop smoothly because it is blocked. (2) refers to the development to the point of very bad or dangerous, the result is unimaginable. (3) During the Cultural Revolution, intellectuals ranked behind the landlords, the rich, the anti-,the bad, the Rightists, the traitors, the spies and the capitalist roaders, so they were called "Laojiu".
4.(4 points) There is no uniform answer to this question. Scoring points: ① Point out that it is "young period" and get 1 point; ② Points out that "scientific creation results" is 2 points: ③ 65438+ accurate and concise language is 0 point; (4) more than words 1 minute.
5.( 1) revolution; Politics; Military; Reform and opening up; Second; One country, two systems (2) the ability of people who have the ability to work to conquer and transform nature by combining the means of production (production tools and labor objects); Among many factors affecting the development of productive forces, science and technology are in the first place; The leading role of science and technology in social development.
6. Short words tell the characteristics of the times and accurately show the ever-changing changes in the world. In this change, science and technology play a decisive role.
7. "Closed" and "self-isolation" show the reality that China is not in harmony with the development of the world.
8. Omit. 9. Viewpoint: "Science and technology are the primary productive forces"; A little.
10. "First" means ranking first among many factors, emphasizing the leading role of science and technology in social development. Because from the perspective of agriculture, only by science and technology can agriculture have a way out. From the backward situation of China, the painful lessons brought by asking for instructions from science and technology also confirm this conclusion from the opposite side.
1 1.(4 points, 1 point 1 point for each correct answer, and points can be added if the meaning is similar) Answer: ① Try not to use abstruse scientific terms (equations), and explain them mainly through language and charts; Pay attention to the responsibility of science education, not just to entertain the public; 3. Guide the public to care about the most urgent scientific problems and solve problems that are easily overlooked by the public due to their own limitations; The more the public knows about scientific knowledge, the more they can ensure that our scientific research will develop in the direction of benefiting mankind.
12 (two points have similar meanings, which can be scored as appropriate) A: Jokers believe that the more people know about scientific knowledge, the easier it is for science to go to the opposite side of benefiting mankind-destroying mankind itself. Therefore, Hawking thinks that the idea of blocking scientific knowledge from the public is "vicious".
13(3 points) short answer. If you can withhold the requirements of the topic, give examples of the public using popular science knowledge to benefit mankind, and express clearly, you can give points. Don't answer two examples, tell one.
14.(3 points) Answer "Hawking is the author of my public science view" or "Hawking is a scientist" and get 1 point; Answer "Hawking is a British scientist" and "Hawking is a world-famous scientist", get 2 points; Answer "Hawking wrote A Brief History of Time" and "Hawking is the author of A Brief History of Time" and get 3 points;
15. It is too early to say that "science and technology are productive forces". (2 points)
16. The great development of social productivity and the great improvement of labor productivity mainly depend on the power of science and technology. (2 points)
17. Put facts and make sense (2 points)
18. "Once" means "if one day", which means hypothesis; Sooner or later means sooner or later, sooner or later. (2 points, 1 point) Function: As an inference, it just shows the guiding role of theory in the development of production technology, which is beyond doubt. (2 points)
19. Key points: (1) The motion images of the characters on the screen indicate that the Olympic Games is a sports event (or the motion images of the characters on the screen respectively interpret the connotations of "high", "fast" and "strong"); (2) The three Chinese characters in the background embody the Olympic spirit-"higher, faster and stronger"; (3) These three Chinese characters embody the cultural characteristics of China with the traditional calligraphy art of China, and also indicate that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.