"The wu is empty thanks. That is, pull away, twist the tactic, throw a pull, and somersault the cloud, returning to Dongsheng. After staying there for an hour, I saw water curtain cave in Guo Hua. Knowing that he was happy, the Monkey King secretly declared:' If you go, you will be light and light. No one in the world is willing to make up his mind to cultivate metaphysical self-knowledge. It was shipwrecked at that time, so it's easy to come back today. Don't remind me, I can't see you for an instant. I can't wait to see you right away. " "
In the poem, in order to describe the speed of the Monkey King's somersault cloud, parting words are still in my ears. In an instant, the Monkey King has seen the "Donglai" sea.
In chapter 57, "The true traveler complains about the false monkey king water curtain cave", he said:
Friar Sand walked in the air for three days and nights before reaching the East China Sea. Suddenly, he heard the sound of the waves and looked down. It's really dark fog rising to heaven, full of yin qi, and the blue sky in Guang Xiao is cold. "
"Dong 'ao" and "Gao Shen" mentioned in the novel are proper geographical terms, which refer to "Okinawa Trough".
From the map, Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands are about 10 nautical mile to the south, and the seabed topography changes suddenly, and the water depth exceeds 1000 meters, which is geologically called "Okinawa Trough". This sea area was called "Cangmei" or "Dongmei" in ancient times, both of which were used in The Journey to the West.
Because Zhongliujiegou is on the west side, it is called "pale water" because of its shallow water depth and turquoise sea surface. After entering the Ryukyu boundary from the edge of the continental shelf in the East China Sea, most of the back-arc basins formed by the extension of the lithosphere in the Ryukyu Trench are deeper than 1000m, and the maximum depth is 27 16m, so the sea surface looks black. Because it is easy to identify, "Heishuigou" has been the natural maritime boundary between China and Ryukyu since the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, the Ming and Qing Dynasties are also called "dividing the ocean". In modern times, it is called "Liuzhongjiegou".
Huang Zhou (1714 ――1785), a native of Fuzhou, Sichuan Province, was a Jinshi in Qianlong for two years (1737) and was edited by the Hanlin Academy in 19. 1756, was sent to Ryukyu by the deputy envoy of King China, and returned three years later, and was promoted to Bachelor of Lectures and Bachelor of Cabinet. /kloc-in 0/755, he was the general reader of Sikuquanshu, and later served as the minister of the Ministry of Industry, the chef of the Crown Prince, and the Zuodu suggestion of Duchayuan. Posthumous title Wen Gong died. Author of "Introduction to Ryukyu Kingdom".
Since there are no obvious landmarks on the sea, how can we know which belongs to China and which belongs to foreign countries? Huang Zhou's Ryukyu Kingdom mentioned:
"From Kaiyang, Fujian to Ryukyu, it must pass through Cangshui Blackwater, which was called Cangming in ancient times. "Yu" and "Tong Ming" mean "decree by destiny". Also known as "Oriental Style". It is true that the ground is solid. " Xun for the wind, located in the southeast.
This passage means that from Fujian to Ryukyu, with the change of the depth of the seabed, we have to go through a change from green water, that is, "pale water", to "black water" and from green to black. In ancient times, it was called "pale beauty" or "eastern beauty", and Ryukyu was on land, that is, in the southeast of China. Although there are no boundary markers on the sea surface, from Fujian to the southeast, when the sea surface turns from green to black, it reaches the Ryukyu border.
Wang Wenzhi, a Jiangsu Dantu calligrapher who visited with Huang Zhou, also mentioned in his Crossing the Sea that China and Ryukyu are bounded by the Okinawa Trough, and the poem said:
"The ditch of black water is as deep as ink and chaotic as swimming. In the early ancient times, Huangyuan could not distinguish the color of dried Kun, so it was necessary to burn rhinoceros to shine more brightly. Whispering about the evil wind and fighting hair bones shows that China and foreign countries are divided into Xinjiang. Danger is only heaven, and I heard that all the philosophers are turbid. "
It is clearly pointed out that the vast sea has boundaries, and this "black ditch" is the boundary between China and Ryukyu.
Similarly, Guo Rulin, who sent an envoy to Ryukyu in the 38th year of Jiajing, said in his debriefing report "Ryukyu Record" completed in the 41st year of Jiajing that when he returned to China after conferring the title,
"On June 29, the king was sealed, waiting for Feng Hong to return home. ? Boarding on October 9th? On 26th, Yan Xu and others came to report that the water was clear and China Mountain was just around the corner. On the 27th, I saw Mount Ningbo. "
As you can see, from east to west back to China, the color of the sea is getting lighter and lighter. You can see the mountains of Ningbo from "Boarding on October 9th" and "27th".
Since then, in the thirty-fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1606), Xia Ziyang, Zhongshan king of Ryukyu, was ordered to represent the court, set sail on the fourth day of May and arrived in Ryukyu in June. "Making a Ryukyu Record": "On the afternoon of the 27th, I crossed Diaoyuyu Island, and the next day I crossed Huangwei Island. The water flowing these days is dark, like stagnant water in a mud ditch or like indigo. I remember the previous supplement saying: from pale water to black water, believe it! " When I left for home, "on the 29th, I vaguely saw a boat, and everyone was happy. It was not far from China. If there is a boat, it must be the boundary of China."
On the fourth day of May in the second year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Zhang Xueli, the special envoy, went to sea from Fujian. "Ryukyu Miscellaneous Notes" records: "On the ninth day of May, the waves were rushing and the water flew like a tower, and the people in the boat vomited and groaned endlessly, and the water was dark blue. Zhou Zi said: Go to the ocean. A white waterline runs across the north and south. Zhou Zi said: There is too much water. The reason why this day is bounded by Chinese and foreign people. "
In the fifty-seventh year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Xu Baoguang, the Ryukyu assistant, wrote the biography of Zhongshan.
"On February 16th, decyl ugly, carved boat since Ryukyu and naha qi Yang, how? The 20th, Ding Si? Ship * * * line 26 more than half. It is the day when the sea sees the blue, and the night crosses the ditch to worship the sea god. "
Thus, although there are no obvious mountains, rivers and deep valleys as natural boundaries, China people still regard the Okinawa Trough as a natural maritime boundary in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and always regard the sea area with light green sea water as the inherent lingtu of China. Therefore, the "Poseidon" of every dynasty and generation is on the side of China.
When the author talks about Huaguoshan, the references to "Dong 'ao" and "Gaoshen" imply that Huaguoshan is an island in China located in the Okinawa Trough.
In the Ming army at that time, Yu You, Don Lew, etc. They are all masters of naval warfare, especially the "Dafu Ship" of Fujian Navy. It is a ship with a sharp bottom, a wide tail, an upturned head and a high fore and aft. "But there is wind and tide" is specially designed for going to sea. Qi Jiguang once commented: "Lucky boat? As big as a city, it is not driven by manpower, but by the wind. ? But it is only good for the ocean, otherwise it will be too shallow and there will be no wind. " It can be seen that China Navy was fully capable of controlling Diaoyu Island at that time.
Besides, Diaoyu Island is the "dividing island" between China and Ryukyu, which is the first consideration. Just like the signs on the expressway, how can "old drivers" like Yu, Lu Tang not know about the Diaoyu Islands?
There is another plot in the novel. The Monkey King tried to steal weapons and practice monkey soldiers after cutting the devil with a knife. The article said: Open four old monkeys, two are red horses and the other two are tongbei apes, and walk up to him and say, "Your Majesty, it is easy to cure sharp weapons." Wukong asked, "How easy?" The Four Monkeys said, "The water 200 miles east of my mountain is proud. There is a throne on the border, and there are countless soldiers and civilians in the city. There must be craftsmen such as gold, silver, copper and iron. If His Majesty goes there, or buys or makes some weapons, teaches us to perform and protects Shan Ye, it is really an opportunity to protect Thailand for a long time. "
Huaguoshan is a Diaoyu Island, so Ole country should be the "Ryukyu country" adjacent to it. Not only from the geographical location, but also from the novel, the Monkey King went to Ole.
However, with the magic of the Monkey King, it doesn't matter how far away it is. Then why didn't the Monkey King go directly to Datang? It is not that he doesn't know the way. The first time he left Huaguoshan, he went to Datang. He also stole weapons. Going to China is also this step. He flew over, pulled out some hair and moved back, but why did he go to Ole?
We know that The Journey to the West was born during the Japanese invasion. At that time, the weapons of China, that is, the Ming army, were far inferior to those of the Japanese, so the weapons produced by Ryukyu were very popular with the people of China at that time.
Emperor Qianlong, who is known as the "perfect old man" and has the "Top Ten Martial Arts", has a Ryukyu knife, the length of which is 99 cm, the scabbard is painted with black paint, the iron handle is wrapped with yellow tapestry, and the armguard is painted with golden cherry blossoms and phoenix patterns in black paint. There is a sheepskin tag on the hilt, which reads in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian and Tibetan: "In the twenty-second year of Qianlong, the Ryukyu Kingdom presented a waist sword with a black lacquer sheath."
▲ Qianlong Royal Ryukyu Knife
At that time, the famous anti-Japanese scholar Xu Wei wrote a poem "Two Ryukyu Knives (When the guest is Changshan)" P. 167: "The guest will sell the knives out of the market, and the cloud is the big Ryukyu. The sea is flooded with dragons, and the sky is overcast with ghosts. First frost is just around the corner, and water is awkward. Wan Li, take it to Liu Mo. Again, try a new dance with one hand, and the double sword can turn as much as possible. Smell blood after rain, wind whirls snow? Body. Right? Think about it. Hang it on the wall and lick the dust. Look after drinking too much, and finally show it to people. " This Ryukyu knife was given to Xu Wei by his good friend after he was captured on the battlefield. It can be seen from the poem how excellent the weapons produced by Ryukyu are.
Another song by Xu Wei, "Two Songs a Day (It was the year when I captured Gubeikou and entered Bodu)", P. 12 1 contains "Ryukyu sword shines on the water, and it will not be embroidered purple for three years." In other words, if you don't grind for three years, the knife will be as bright as water, and "embroidered purple" is the "blood ooze" condensed on the knife surface.
Because of the separation of Japanese soldiers and peasants, samurai have been handed down from generation to generation, and weapons have been handed down from generation to generation, and China is allocated by the state. There is a popular saying in the American army: "Remember, the weapon you use at hand is always provided by the lowest price supplier." Therefore, the enemy is obviously better than the Ming army in individual equipment.
Emma Wu Cheng En personally took part in the anti-Japanese struggle. His hometown Huai 'an is directly adjacent to the sea and is also an important node of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which is of great significance. It turns out that the governor of grain transportation is also the military patrol envoy of the prefect. However, in order to defend the economic lifeline of the Grand Canal, in the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing, the prefect Huaiyang was advised by the army commander, and Li Sui, a native of Fengcheng, Jiangxi Province, was appointed to serve in Huai, and the governor Fengyang's four houses specialized in the war of resistance.
▲ Hu Zongxian
However, due to Hu Zongxian's presence in Zhejiang, Jiangsu Song, Changzhou and Zhen Fu on the south bank of the Yangtze River in South Zhili were assisted by Zhejiang, and the elites gathered and deployed more troops. The defense north of the Yangtze River is relatively weak, so it often loses. People in Jiangbei want a local hero to lead the army to defend their hometown.
In the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing, he won the top prize and was also Wu Cheng'en's in-laws-Shen Kun. Because his mother lost her home, it was suitable for the Japanese to invade Huai River. He resolutely took out all his savings, sold his property and raised the anti-Japanese banner. He recruited more than 1000 young adults, and personally organized and trained them into a heroic anti-Japanese rural soldier, known as the "champion soldier", and Wu Cheng'en was in this team.
"Tongzhi Shanyang County Records" (Volume 21) records:
"Thousands of Japanese fled from Rizhao to Huai 'an, and local citizens stayed at home and collected more than a thousand township soldiers outside the city. The Japanese set the fire, and the officers and men did it. Kun led the troops to fight hard. He shot the chief with a stone and the enemy began to retreat. "
In The Journey to the West, the Monkey King chose to go to Ole to steal weapons instead of China, which is exactly what the author deeply realized and reflects the equipment gap between China and Japan at that time.