1. The original text and translation of the ancient poem "Selected from Lunheng·Zi Ji Chapter Reading Answers and Translation"
Author: Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 9-12.
The Ziji chapter was written by Wang Chongchong of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It may be consistent with ancient times and is not like the predecessors. Or it can be said: "It is said to be decorated with occasional words, which may be narrow or roundabout, or condescending or comfortable.
It is called discussing Taoism. The practical matters are trivial, the text is sweet and sour ①, it is harmonious to the classics but not empirical, and it is collected in the biography. If it doesn’t match, the son of Ji is not good enough, and the son of Nei is not the same as before. How can he be called a good name and skillful in craftsmanship? "Answer: Those who pretend to be similar in appearance will lose their appearance, and those who use rhetoric to be similar will lose their affection. .
The sons of a hundred husbands are different from their parents and are born in different categories. They don’t have to be similar. Each one has its own endowment and is better off. The scribes each had their own way of doing things, whether they used clever words to express their words, or they argued about falsehoods and used practical matters. Their plans must be consistent, and their words and expressions should follow each other. In this way, the five emperors had no different affairs, and the three kings had no special careers.
Beautiful colors with different aspects are all better than the eyes; sad sounds, no matter the sound, are all faster than the ears. The wine has a strong flavor and makes everyone drunk; the grains have a unique taste, and everyone who eats them is full.
It is said that Wen should be combined with Qian, which means that Shun's eyebrows should be restored to eight colors (3), and Yu's eyes should be restored to double pupils (4). Full of writing and writing.
Or it can be said: "The literary nobles make conventions but make things clear; their words are concise and clear; the debaters' words are important but expressive; the literati's words are sparse and precise. The new books written today contain thousands of words, but they are not complex. , the reader will not be able to read it; if the article is not one, the translator will not be able to understand it.
It is not good to be criticized.
The words are easy to say, and the text is rare. If there are few jade and many stones, those with many are not precious; if there are few dragons and many fish, those with few are definitely gods."
Answer: This is true. Gai is taciturn and has few words, but Hua Wen is few.
For those who are useful to the world: a hundred articles are harmless; for those who are not useful: one chapter is useless. If they are all for use, then those with more are considered superior and those with few are considered inferior.
If one has accumulated a thousand pieces of gold and compared it to a hundred, who is the rich one? If you have more knowledge, you will win with fewer people, and if you have less money, you will become poorer. The world does not have a single volume, but I have a hundred articles; a person does not have a single word, but I have ten thousand words, who is the wise one? Now it is not said that what is said is wrong, but there are too many clouds; it is not said that the world is not good, but the clouds cannot be understood, so Gaiwu's book cannot be saved.
Today there are many things that are false to the truth, and there are many empty words. They point out the truth and determine the appropriateness. How can the arguments and arguments be determined? If the husband has a big body, his clothes will not be dirty; if he is serving many people, his writing will not be dirty. If there are many scholars and scholars, there will be plenty of water and plenty of fish; if there are many valleys in the imperial capital, the kings and cities will be shoulder-to-shoulder.
Although the book is rich in text, it discusses hundreds of topics. According to the ancient Taigong, Dong Zhongshu wrote more than a hundred books, and my book has only published a hundred, and there are so many. It is said that the number of publications is small, and those who read it cannot but condemn it.
(Abridged from "Lunheng·Zi Ji Chapter") Notes ① The article is given to Gan Suan: There is suspected to be an error here, the general idea is: the article is full of miscellaneous things. ②Zichang, Ziyun: Sima Qian, whose courtesy name is Zichang; Yang Xiong, whose courtesy name is Ziyun.
③ Bacai: Legend has it that Yao’s eyebrows had eight colors. See "White Tiger Tongyi·Sage".
④Double pupils: Legend has it that Shun had two pupils in each eye. 9. For the explanation of the added words in the following sentences, which one is incorrect (3 points) A. Those who use strong appearance to show off their strength lose their appearance and are strong: forced B. The literati’s words are sparse but clear: the same as "show", distinct C. The name of being insulted is mostly regarded as bad. Being: Suffered D. According to the ancient Tai Gong's hope: According to 10. Among the following groups of sentences, all of them belong to the group that Wang Chong expresses his writing opinions (3 points) ① Wen Buyu It is similar to the previous one. It has a good name and is called skillful workmanship. 4. The text is noble but the reference is clear, and the words are simple and clear. Then the Five Emperors are the same. ⑥ There are many false things today, and there are many false claims. A. After Wang Chong's book was written, the world rejected it because the world thought that Wang Chong's book did not conform to the experience of predecessors and was neither like Sima Qian's articles nor Yang Xiong's articles.
B. Faced with the criticism that his articles were not as good as those of his predecessors, Wang Chong used metaphors such as appearance, talent, beauty, sad sounds, wine and wine, and hundreds of grains to refute the world and make the profound The theory is vividly presented and easy to understand. C. The world advises Wang Chong to be "literary" and "speak sparingly", but Wang Chong believes that writing books is like accumulating wealth. More is better than less. His new books are as long as ten thousand words, and they are long and carry great weight.
D. The writing of this article is indeed "unlike its predecessors". The author uses "or say" to simulate the confusion and doubts of the world, and through comparison and identification, he more fully discusses his writing proposition.
12. Please translate the underlined sentences in the classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (9 points) (1) Beautiful colors, different aspects, are all better than the eyes; sad sounds, no matter the sound, are all faster than the ears.
(3 points) (2) If it is used by the world, a hundred articles will be harmless; if it is not used, one chapter will not help. (3 points) (3) Now it is not said that what is said is wrong, but there are too many clouds; it is not said that the world is not good, but the clouds cannot be understood, so Gai Wu's book cannot be saved.
(3 points) 13. Please use slashes (/) to break up the underlined parts of the passage below. (No more than 6 sentence fragments) (3 points) Uncle Sun Wushu ① said to the doctor in court: Zigong is as good as Zhongni.
Zi served Jing Bo ② to report Zigong. Zigong said: For example, the ③ wall of the palace is ④ and the wall is as high as the shoulder. You can see the number of good masters in the family and the number of walls. You can't enter the door, but you can't see the beauty of the ancestral temple and the wealth of hundreds of officials.
Those who get the door may be few. What the Master said is inappropriate.
Notes ① Uncle Sun Wu: A doctor of the state of Lu. ②Zifu Jingbo: A doctor of the state of Lu, it is said that he was also a student of Confucius.
③ Palace: The ancient general name for houses and bedrooms. ④Ci, namely Zigong, named Duanmu Ci.
One of the seventy-two sages of Confucius. ⑤ Official: House. 2. Classical Chinese Wang Chong's studies Translation
Translation
Wang Chong, courtesy name Zhongren, was a native of Shangyu in Kuaiji. His ancestors migrated from Yuancheng County in the State of Wei. Wang Chong's father died when he was a child, and he was praised in the countryside for his filial piety. Later, he went to the capital to study at Taixue, where he studied with a Fufeng master named Ban Biao. Wang Chong likes to read, and he reads all kinds of books without any special restrictions. Since his family was poor and had no books to read, he often walked around the market in Luoyang and read the books sold by others. He could recite them after reading them once. Therefore, he was familiar with the doctrines of various schools.
Original text
Wang Chong, courtesy name Zhongren, was a native of Shangyu in Kuaiji. He first moved to Yan from Yuancheng, Wei County. As a young orphan, he is called filial piety in the countryside. Later he went to the capital and studied under the Imperial Academy, where he studied under Fufeng Banbiao. He likes to read extensively but does not stick to rules and sentences. He came from a poor family and had no books. He often visited Luoyang shops and read the books on sale. He could recite and memorize them whenever he saw them, and he became well-versed in hundreds of schools of thought.
Extended information
Article background
This article is selected from Fan Ye's "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Wang Chong" written by Fan Ye during the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" is a biographical history book that records the history of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Together with "Historical Records", "Han Shu" and "Three Kingdoms", it is collectively known as the "Four Histories". The book is divided into Ten Chronicles, Eighty Biographies and Eight Chronicles (continued by Sima Biao), recording the 195-year history from the rise of Wang Mang to Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty.
Before Fan Ye wrote the "Book of the Later Han", many books of the Later Han had been circulated. Among them, the main ones include "Dongguan Han Ji" compiled by officials such as Liu Zhen in the Eastern Han Dynasty, "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" written by Xie Cheng, a native of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, and "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" written by Ma Biao of the Jin Dynasty. Fan Ye's "Book of the Later Han" was written on the basis of these books of the Later Han. With the achievements of his predecessors, Fan Ye referred to the contents of various schools, integrated them and wrote "Book of the Later Han Dynasty". Because Fan Ye's work has a concise narrative and comprehensive content, his achievements surpassed those of his predecessors and attracted the attention of later generations.
Character background
Wang Chong was an outstanding thinker in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When he was young, he was not only smart but also hardworking. He began to read and write at the age of 6, and was sent to a local school at the age of 8. When he was 20 years old, Wang Chong went to Luoyang to study at Taixue. He still felt unsatisfied, so he spent his spare time reading various books. As time passed, he read almost all the books collected in Taixue, and went to the shops in the market to find books to read.
Wang Chong studied very seriously and had a strong memory. He could memorize the main content of a new book after reading it once. In this way, his knowledge increased.
Because Wang Chong could not stand the corruption in the court, he did not become an official and spent most of his life writing books at home. "Lunheng" is his famous work.
About the author
Fan Ye (398-445), courtesy name Weizong, was a native of Shunyang, Nanyang (now Xichuan County, Henan Province). He was an official, historian and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty. , the great-grandson of Fan Wang, the general of Anbei in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the grandson of Fan Ning, the prefect of Yuzhang, and the son of Fan Tai, the minister. Born into a noble family, he was well-read.
In the ninth year of Yuanjia (432), he offended Situ Liu Yikang and was demoted to the prefect of Xuancheng. He began to write the "Book of the Later Han" and moved to General Ningshuo.
In the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), his follower Kong Xixian supported Liu Yikang, King of Pengcheng, to ascend the throne, but was defeated and killed at the age of 48.
He was talented throughout his life and made outstanding achievements in history. The book "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" draws from many books, has a rigorous structure and dense diction. It is also called the "First Four Histories" together with "Historical Records", "Han Shu" and "Three Kingdoms". 3. "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Wang Chong" Classical Chinese Translation
Original text:
Wang Chong, courtesy name Zhongren, was a native of Shangyu in Kuaiji. He first came from Yuancheng in Wei County as a disciple. As a young orphan, he is called filial piety in the countryside. Later he went to the capital and studied under the Imperial Academy, where he studied under Fufeng Banbiao. He likes to read extensively but does not follow rules and regulations. He came from a poor family and had no books. He often visited Luoyang shops and read the books on sale. He could recite and memorize them whenever he saw them, and he became well-versed in hundreds of schools of thought. Later, he returned to his hometown and lived as a professor. The official in the county is a meritorious officer, but he can't agree with him after several remonstrances.
A good argument may seem weird at first, but it will make sense in the end. It is thought that vulgar Confucianism and its observance of literature have often lost its truth, so they shut themselves up and meditate, and do not celebrate the ceremony. They place knives and pens on the walls of the house. He wrote eighty-five chapters in "Lunheng" with more than 200,000 words, explaining the similarities and differences of things and correcting the suspicions of the times.
Dong Qin, the governor, was appointed as an official. He was transferred to the government and was exempted from returning home. My friend Xie Yiwu from the same county wrote a letter recommending him to be a talented scholar. Emperor Suzong issued a special order to carry out the imperial examination because he was ill. As he turned seventy, his willpower declined, so he wrote sixteen chapters of "The Book of Cultivation of Nature", which was about cutting off cravings and desires, and maintaining self-control. In Yongyuanzhong, he died of illness at home.
Translation:
Wang Chong, courtesy name Zhongren, was from Shangyu in Kuaiji. His ancestors migrated from Yuancheng, Wei County. Wang Chong lost his father when he was young, and the villagers praised him for his filial piety. Later, he went to the capital and studied at Taixue, where he became a disciple of Fufeng Banbiao. He likes to read widely and not stick to chapters. He was poor and had no books, so he often walked around the Luoyang market and read the books sold in bundles. He could memorize them after reading them once, and he became popular among the public. Later he returned to his hometown and taught in seclusion. He served as a meritorious official in the county, but resigned due to disagreements with him many times.
Wang Chong likes to argue and debate, which seems to be sophistry at first, but in the end it is well-founded. He believed that secular Confucian scholars were rigid about words and often lost their true meaning, so he thought behind closed doors and refused to attend formal exchanges such as celebrations and condolences. He placed carving knives and pens on doors, windows, and walls. He wrote 85 chapters of "Lunheng" with more than 200,000 words, explaining the similarities and differences of categories of things and correcting the secular doubts at that time.
Dong Qin, the governor, recruited Wang Chong to serve as an official and transferred him to govern the country. Wang Chong dismissed himself and returned home. Xie Yiwu, a friend from the same county, wrote a letter recommending Wang Chong as a highly talented and learned man. Emperor Suzong ordered him to be recruited by bus at a special time, but he did not go due to illness. When he was nearly seventy years old, his mind and energy were weak and exhausted, so he wrote sixteen chapters of "Book of Nurturing Nature" to control his hobbies and desires and calm his nerves. In Yongyuanzhong, he died of illness at home. 4. Mother is not a non-translation
This sentence comes from "Lunheng·Ziji Chapter", author: Wang Chong
Part of the original text: Teaching at the age of six, respectful and obedient, respectful and possessive , Jinzhuang is lonely, and has the ambition of being a minister. My father has never been beaten, my mother has never been wronged, and my family has never given up. When he was eight years old, he came out of the library. There were more than a hundred children in the library, and they were all relegated for their mistakes or whipped for their ugly writing. Make progress every day without making any mistakes.
Translation: When Wang Chong was six years old, his family taught him how to read and write. Wang Chong was respectful, loving, filial, polite, solemn and taciturn, with the air of an adult. His father never beat him, his mother never scolded him, and his neighbors never scolded him. At the age of eight, he entered the library to study. There were more than a hundred children in the library. They all took off their clothes and were punished for making mistakes, or were whipped because their handwriting was ugly.
Only Wang Chong's calligraphy is improving day by day, and he has no faults. 5. Reading questions and answers for the classical Chinese text "Wang Chong's Study"
(2) Wang Chong's Study
As a young orphan, he was called filial piety in the village. Later he went to the capital and studied under the Imperial Academy, where he studied under Fufeng Banbiao. He likes to read extensively but does not stick to rules and sentences. He came from a poor family and had no books. He often visited Luoyang shops and read the books on sale. He could recite and memorize them whenever he saw them, and he became well-versed in hundreds of schools of thought.
1. Explain the meaning of punctuated words.
① He first moved from Yuancheng, Wei County ( ) ② His teacher was Fufeng Banbiao ( )
③ He could recite and recall it at the first sight ( ) ④ He was able to learn from hundreds of schools of thought . ( )
2. Translate the sentences.
Love reading but not following rules and regulations
3. Wang Chong’s “love reading but not following rules and sentences” refers to Wang Chong’s ( )
A. Learning attitude, Learning method B, learning content, learning method
C. Learning content, learning attitude D. Learning method, learning scope
Answer:
(2) Wang Chong Study 1. ① Move to a new place ② Become a teacher ③ ④ Finally 2. (Wang Chong) Likes to read widely and not stick to certain paragraphs and sentences. 3. A
Translation: Wang Chong’s father died when he was young. People in his hometown said that he was very filial to his mother. Later, he arrived in the capital and studied business skills at Taixue, where he became a disciple of Fufeng Banbiao. . (Wang Chong) Likes to read widely and not stick to certain paragraphs and sentences. His family was poor and had no books, so he often visited bookstores on the streets of Luoyang and read the books they sold. He could memorize them after reading them once, so he had a broad understanding of many schools of thought. 6. The classical Chinese text "Wang Chong's Expo's Writings"
"Wang Chong's Expo's Writings" is selected from Volume 13 of "Book of the Later Han: Thirty-Nine Biographies".
Original text:
Wang Chong was a young orphan and was called filial piety in his hometown. Later he went to the capital and studied under the Imperial Academy, where he studied under Fufeng Banbiao. He likes to read extensively but does not stick to rules and sentences. He came from a poor family and had no books. He often visited Luoyang shops and read the books on sale. As soon as he saw it, he could recite and recall it, and he was able to understand the words of hundreds of schools of thought.
Translation:
Wang Chong lost his father when he was young, and people in his hometown praised him for his filial piety. Later, he came to the capital and studied in school, becoming his teacher under Fufeng Banbiao. (Wang Chong) Likes to read widely but not memorize by rote. (Wang Chong) His family was poor and could not afford books, so he often visited the shops in Luoyang, the capital, and read the books for sale, so that he could memorize them in one go. Over time, (Wang Chong) became familiar with the works of various schools of thought. 7. Translation of Wang Chong's Study in Classical Chinese
"Wang Chong's Study"
The orphan Wang Chong loved reading since he was a child, and he has a photographic memory
Wang Chong's courtesy name was Zhongren, and he was a native of Shangyu, Kuaiji. His ancestors migrated from Yuancheng County of Wei State. Wang Chong was an orphan when he was a child, and was praised for his filial piety in the countryside. Later, he went to the capital to study at Taixue, where he studied with a Fufeng master named Biao. Wang Chong likes to read, and he reads all kinds of books without any special restrictions. Since his family was poor and had no books to read, he often walked around the market in Luoyang and read the books sold by others. He could recite them after reading them once. Therefore, he was familiar with the doctrines of various schools.
Lin Zhidong is good at painting orchids and loves to travel. When he hears where the orchids are, he will look for them. The woodcutter may tell you: In a large valley in a certain mountain, it is often heard that there is a lot of orchids, thorns, tigers and leopards, so it is not possible. Lin Nai recruited strong men to attack with swords, arrows, fire, and weapons wrapped in grain (1). He then went into the deep valley with gold, as if he were a formidable enemy. When the time comes, the orchid leaves are about ten feet long and the flowers are as big as palms. Naturally, the orchids painted become more and more strange. 8. The reading answers of Wang Chong Expo include explanations and added words
Wang Chong ① was a young orphan, and was called filial piety in his hometown. Later he went to the capital, where he studied under the Imperial Academy and taught under Fufeng Banbiao. He likes to read extensively but does not follow the rules and sentences ④. He came from a poor family and had no books. He often visited Luoyang shops and read the books on sale. He could recite and recall them whenever he saw them. Over time, he became well-versed in hundreds of schools of thought. Later, he returned to his hometown and lived as a professor.
Notes
①Wang Chong, courtesy name Zhongren, was born in Shangyu, Kuaiji (now Shangyu County, Zhejiang), and was a famous materialist scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was born in the third year of Jianwu (27 AD) of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty and died in the ninth year of Yongyuan (97?) of Emperor He of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
When he was young, he went to the capital Luoyang to study and became a disciple of Ban Biao. Later, he returned to his hometown to teach. He served as a meritorious official and a middle-level official. In his later years, he concentrated on writing books behind closed doors, and finally completed his immortal work - "On Heng's Migration: Moving Here."
② Capital: the capital. The capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty was Luoyang.
③Ban Biao: a famous scholar and historian in the Han Dynasty, and the father of Ban Gu. "Han Shu" was created by him.
④Chapter and sentence: clear understanding chapter by chapter and sentence by sentence.
⑤ Store: bookstore.
Translation
Wang Chong lost his father when he was a child and was praised in the countryside for his filial piety. Later he went to the capital to study at Taixue, where Ban Biao (a famous historian in the Han Dynasty) from Fufeng became his teacher. Wang Chong likes to read books extensively and does not excerpt from chapters and sentences. Because his family was poor and had no books to read, he often wandered around the bookstores in Luoyang and looked at the books sold by others. After reading it once, he could remember and recite it, so he (soon) became widely familiar with many schools of thought. Different schools of thought. Wang Chong later returned to his hometown and lived in seclusion and engaged in teaching.