"I see how charming Castle Peak is, and I expect Castle Peak to see me like this." Xin Qiji's fresh and beautiful words touched the heart of a brothel woman, who gave herself a pure and elegant name: Liu. Liu, whose real name is Yang, whose real name is Ai, and later renamed Liu, whose real name is Yin, was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, and was born in the forty-sixth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (16 18). Because of her poor family background, she was sold to Songjiang shengze town as a maid at an early age. The so-called home, in fact, is the home of prostitutes. At that time, shengze town's superb skills were almost comparable to those of Jinling (Nanjing). The person in charge of Guijiayuan is called Xu Fo, who can play the piano and draw bluegrass. He looks good. Influenced by Xu Buddha, young Liu is excellent in poetry and painting and outstanding in talent. After a while, Guo Xiang Zhou Daodeng retired and went home to choose a maid to wait on his mother. He chose Liu. I often live in a deep house compound, and I am happy to see Liu Ziran who has a glib tongue. Liu has seen many characters in Guijiayuan, and he is able to observe words and feelings, calmly deal with them, and he is naturally comfortable with his effectiveness. It's a pity that Liu, who is young and beautiful, was taken fancy to by Zhou Daodeng's wives and concubines and accepted as the last concubine. She was soon favored by special rooms. Qian Zhi Tan Er in Qing Dynasty has been published for seven years: "(She) is the youngest and extremely intelligent. Her master often teaches literature and art on her knees, so she is jealous of those concubines. " Soon, a group of concubines falsely accused Liu of having an affair with the footman. Mr. Zhou is a fool, insatiable, and can't tell true from false. He flew into a rage and asked Liu to commit suicide. Finally, mother Zhou remembered Liu's service and survived the death. 1633, 15-year-old Liu was deported and returned to his hometown again. After Liu left, Master Zhou's lovesickness became ill and he died with a bitter heart. This is equivalent to giving Liu a real and powerful advertisement. With the celebrity effect of "concubines in different rooms", she quickly stood out among many famous prostitutes. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, many humanities and literary societies appeared in wuyue. Celebrities sing with each other, write poems and articles, discuss current affairs and judge characters. Liu was born smart, living among celebrities and scholars since childhood, and received a rare edification and lesson. Momo Danqing, who composed poems and played songs, was proficient in everything, adding a refined beauty. Every meeting can be divided into themes and rhythms in an instant, which is the genius of Cao Zijian. She is open-minded and cheerful, and often compares herself with Liang Hongyu, a famous heroine in the Southern Song Dynasty.
On the road to marriage
Alas, Liu has superhuman talent, but no ordinary fate! "The heart is higher than the sky", but her position in bad karma is lower than Qingwen's, which doomed her to be a prostitute all her life on the road of marriage. Song was born in a noble family in the cloud. He is clever and eager to learn. Before he was weak, he was famous in the village, and he was called "three gifted scholars in the cloud" with Chen Zilong and Wen Li.
In the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), I met Liu at Chen Meigong's birthday party and wrote the famous Autumn Pond Song for her. The preface said, "There is a school book, and the new world comes from Wujiang's old home. Everything described is passionate, definitely not a whisper. " There is also "the school book is sixteen years old, and the wind and rain are weeping." The natural boudoir jingles, and the dust is there? "Liu's words tell the story and talent. He began to associate with Liu. Liu's brilliant talent, or shallow singing, or Kan Kan talking, or sleeve dancing flying, or improvising rhymes, are all called Song intoxicated and dumped. He is determined to marry Liu, but Liu is skeptical of this dude's words. She is very cunning, so we should test his determination and sincerity. "Liu Chuan wrote: If we meet in Bailongtan, we will meet. If Wen Yuan Flea didn't get up for the appointment, it said, "Song Lang shouldn't get on the boat. If Langguo has feelings, he should jump into the water. " Song walked to the water's edge. It was cold, so I was anxious for the teacher to hold it, put it on the bed and hold it in my arms. This feeling is good and a secret. However, it is difficult for Liu to be his wife. When Song mother heard that her son was in love with a prostitute, she was furious and asked her son to kneel down for training. Song argued that Liu didn't ask for money, and his mother was even more angry and said, "What is money? She doesn't want money, but she wants your life! " Under the pressure of family, Song visited Liu less and less. Soon, the Songjiang magistrate ordered the crackdown on prostitutes. Liu called Song, hoping that he would come forward and leave himself as a "guest" of his family. Song was timid, and it took a long time to say, "Take care of its front." Hearing this, Liu said sadly, "this is just what others said, and you shouldn't." From now on, I will break up with you! " Say that finish, the mountain city, to the table that piece of lyre cut, loud, the strings were cut off. Another person who caught Liu's attention was that he was ten years older than Liu. He was the leader of Jishe at that time. He is generous, ambitious and talented, giving lectures everywhere. Naturally, he is very arrogant. Liu Pingping likes to "bow his shoes with a towel and wear a men's suit", and he often calls himself "brother" when interacting with literati and celebrities. In modern times, Wang Guowei marveled at Liu's birthday and wrote a poem praising: a towel and a cassock are amazing, but there is no doubt that brothers call each other. Don't blame your daughter for being too abrupt, Jimen has a few eyebrows. But when she wrote to call herself "brother", Chen was very unhappy and didn't reply. It is said that Liu "visited the Chen family and said,' If you don't distinguish between finding people in the dust, how can you be famous in the world?' Zilong is ashamed. Since then, the two began the friendship of literature and ink, and their relationship has become increasingly close. Once, they were playing in a boat, looking at Liu whose skirt was fluttering, and could not help but admire: "It's so beautiful, Luo Shen!" Hearing this, Liu said half jokingly, "You men always make irresponsible remarks about women, as if women were born for you to appreciate and play with. Today, I have to appreciate and comment on you men. " Liu said, and wrote an article "Luo Shen" (included in Liu's poetry anthology "Wuyinsao"), comparing Luo Shen to it, which is really an eternal fantasy. This poem completely inherited the writing style of the Six Dynasties, with gorgeous words and complicated and accurate allusions. It not only evaluates Chen Zilong's character and literary talent, but also expresses his love for Chen Zilong. Chen Zilong was both surprised and moved by his high fighting spirit and courage. At this time, I fell out twice and met Liu who was frustrated. As soon as they met, they talked about everything, commented on world events, studied the art of poetry, and fell in love unconsciously. In the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), he lived with his family in a small red building outside Songjiang. Liu called this building Yuanyang Building, and named the word collection of this period "Yuanyang Building Ci". During this period, Liu earned money to buy textbooks to make a living, while burying himself in preparing for the exam. Plain tea nourishes a happy and moving life. At this time, Chen Zilong wrote a well-known quatrain "Get up early in spring": independent railings greet the breeze, and small bridges flow eastward. I didn't know I was in a dream of red mansions until last night, on a peach tree. Some people think it is the source of the title of A Dream of Red Mansions. However, this lingering love story was doomed to end in tragedy from the beginning. Chen Zilong, after all, is a family man, and he is reasonable emotionally. No matter how deep the affection between them is, he can only be regarded as a romantic story between talented people and beautiful women by bohemian literati, and Liu Yongyuan can't walk into the life in an upright way. Half a year later, his wife, Zhang, took a group of people to make a scene in the apartment building. Unwilling to be humiliated, Liu left resolutely.
After being forced to break up with him, Liu lived alone in Hengyun Mountain. She remembers this deep feeling and resentment, and she is reluctant to give up. She once wrote Jiangnan Dream? The book "Thinking of People" has a magnificent story, recalling the "painted building", "Li Tang", "Egret Island" and "Mulan boat" in Nanyuan one by one. The first ten songs begin with "People are gone", and the last ten songs begin with "Where are people?" They pour out their words in a low voice, and the feeling of attachment and suffering is like tears. People go, people go to Little Li Tang. The fallen petal is still rustling when it is strong, and there are some red tears when it is not strong. Outside, willows depend on each other. Liu wrote this sad stroke with unparalleled talent! Sorrow shows strength. Liu dui's character can be seen. Among the eight beauties in Qinhuai, Chen Yuanyuan is the most beautiful. The gentlest and most likable is Dong Xiaowan; Liu is the most dignified, independent, courageous and courageous person. After breaking up, he wrote a preface to Liu's poem "Wuyinsao", and he also had contacts with Liu's later husband Qian, which was quite polite. After the Qing soldiers captured Nanjing, he took part in anti-Qing activities, was arrested after defeat, was determined, and drowned himself. Shunzhi four years (1647), Chen Zilong was forty years old. Love in A Fallen City
Qian, named Muzhai, was the third scholar in the thirty-eighth year of Wanli (16 10). He had a successful career as a teenager and wanted to do something big, but his career was bumpy. At first, he was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown because of his efforts to crack down on eunuchs; Finally, when Chongzhen came to power, it was put into use again. However, he was pushed out because he competed with Wen Renren for cabinet assistant minister. I had to go home again and began to live in seclusion for 16 years One winter in the 13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1640), Qian was taking a nap in Ban Ye Tang's study. His family sent him a post, which read: "Liu Baiqian was born late." "Liu Rusheng?" He has doubts in his heart, has no signature, and calls himself a Confucian scholar. Who could it be? Probably a nobody who came here. When Qian came to the living room, he bowed deeply to the visitor and said respectfully, "Forgive me for taking the liberty to visit Mr. Qian!" " Qian saw the uninvited guest dressed in a blue satin Confucian shirt and a blue scarf, dressed as a typical rich boy, but petite, fair-skinned, handsome but not provocative. It seems familiar, but I can search my heart and can't remember who it is and where I have seen it. The guest looked at the thoughtful look of money and couldn't help but show a sly smile. Singing softly and leisurely, a grass lives in the east of the broken bridge, and the sentence is as clear as the wind on the lake. Recently, Liu Yin was praised by the West as a peach blossom among beautiful women. "What a surprise! It's Miss Liu who came to my humble abode. I'm afraid I'm hiding far away! " Qian quickly asked Miss Liu to sit down, and ordered the ladies-in-waiting to offer tea and wine to relieve Miss Liu's cold. Speaking of the friendship between Liu and Qian, it was two years ago. Money was pushed out of the dynasty and traveled all the way. When passing through Hangzhou, she visited a famous prostitute and Taoist priest in Hangzhou. On the desk in her living room, a simple poem is written on an elegant poem frame: Yang Xiao Garden hangs the curtain and walks in the wind. The most is the cool esophagus in the west, and the peach blossoms are among the beautiful women. "What a beautiful and unique poem. Who wrote it? " "Miss Liu." "Is it Liu Yin, a famous willow girl in Suzhou and Hangzhou?" "Exactly." "It really deserves its reputation!" Qian is a great poet. Sighing while reading can't help but be poetic. He immediately wrote a poem with original rhyme, which Liu sang when they met just now. The next day, introduced by the Taoist priest, Qian and Liu went boating in the West Lake, cooking wine and discussing poems, and making friends by writing, which made them happy. Money has been obsessed with this for a long time. Unexpectedly, today, the talented woman in Absolute Beauty disguised as a man and appeared in her "semi-wild hall" in a boat.
When Liu came prepared, he immediately presented a seven-character poem entitled "Visiting in the Midwinter and Offering Long Sentences in Banyetang": its name is indeed like that of the Han Dynasty, but the mystery and rules are even different. The house is full of tea, and a thousand lines of Mo Miao are broken. Zhu bottle blows karma, and the river is left. Today, I am sincerely loyal to Li, and I will not resign from Dongshan. In the poem, Qian is compared to Ma Rong, a great scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, who is romantic and elegant above Ma Rong, making Qian smile. Qian has long known that Liu's standards for choosing a spouse are very high, but now that a beautiful woman is visiting, he might as well try his heart boldly. Qian also wrote a poem, "Liu's visit to Shantang is a waste of poetry. See the words, You Ya is elegant. " Wen Jun wanted to have a cool birthday, and his face and eyebrows were stunned. Dream knife thought of Yan Wan in vain, and asked HarmonyOS system. I have never touched flowers, and I have always been proud of myself. But often, the good news is that I still have the shoe box. Qian compared Liu to eloping, and used romantic allusions such as Zhang Tai and Wang Chang. What is the reason for the clever Liu is unknown? She respects money's knowledge, and money loves her out of the mud without being stained. One respect and one love, a colorful love for the past began. Button "left? There is a record in Hedong Jun: "(Liu) As the saying goes, only a bachelor can speak in Yushan, and a non-bachelor does not marry. Shi Zongbo was overjoyed when he was widowed. He said, "There is pity in the world. Who is such a woman?" ? I am not a talented person. "The so-called mutual appreciation has come naturally. Since then, the silent "semi-wild hall" has always been rippling with laughter from all ages who have forgotten the end of the year. They enjoy the snow and plum blossoms, go fishing in cold boats, go boating in lakes, watch the moon on mountains, and live a happy and harmonious life with poetry and wine as companions. In the second year, namely 164 1 year, Qian got rid of family interference and criticism from the world, and married Liu, a brothel woman, in Furong Boat, West Lake, Hangzhou, and spent huge sums of money to build a beautiful and elegant small building for her, named "Jiangyun Building", with the largest collection in the south of the Yangtze River. According to the sentence of "Therefore I smell" in the Diamond Sutra, Liu's living room was named "I smell room" to match Liu's name. Qian was fifty-nine years old and Liu was twenty-three. Although she is an old man with few wives, she is congenial and full of feelings. One day, Liu asked her husband what he loved about her, and Qian said, "I love your white face and black hair! "The implication is that there is no place for love; Then, Qian Qian B asked his wife again. Liu Shiru cocked his head and thought for a moment. He said, "I love your white hair and black face!" "The drama in the boudoir spread like wildfire, and it became a beautiful talk for a while. After the collapse of the country.
1644, Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Jingshan Park, and the old ministers in Jiangnan planned to establish a new monarch. Qian was originally a supporter of Zhu Changfang, the king of Lu, but he took the army to push Zhu Yousong to the throne of power and became a new emperor. Money quickly ingratiated itself with the power, but I didn't expect to be a minister of rites. Soon, the Qing army invaded Du Nan, and the court in Hong Guang also fell apart. Hong Guang's dignitaries, in high positions, welcomed them to their new owners, which became a peculiar scenery at that time. As a widow of the old dynasty, Qian is also a celebrity. If he doesn't work for the new dynasty, he will be loyal to the old master. He is faced with the choice of fate. Liu witnessed the horrors of the Qing soldiers breaking through the city and sweeping across the south of the Yangtze River, and his heart was filled with indignation. She personally prepared a table of wine, raised her glass to Qian, and said, "At this time, we need to gain a good reputation through Yiquan Festival." Think twice about money and nod. The next day, they went boating on the lake and agreed to drown themselves. I didn't expect the money to look around on the boat, reaching for water frequently, looking up and saying to Liu, "The water is too cold tonight, so come back another day!" "What's wrong with water cooling!" "The old lady is weak and can't stand the cold." Liu couldn't think that his respected husband should say such a thing without moral integrity. He was desperate. Without saying anything, he turned and jumped into the water. Money is in a panic. Fortunately, the crew on board saved him in time, but Liu didn't die. Seeing this, Liu added, "Living in seclusion and not interacting with the Qing court is worthy of the old dynasty." However, money seems to be passive, but in fact it has shaved its hair, left a braid and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. Liu is helpless. That autumn, the Qing court issued a decree ordering all officials to go to Beijing to take up their posts. Everyone took his wife and concubines, but Liu resolutely refused to take the money to the north. On the day of leaving, Liu stood on the roadside in a red dress symbolizing the dynasty to see her husband off. When the officers in the same trade saw Liu's move, they were not only ashamed, but also worried about her boldness. However, at this time, Liu's heart is calm, and he has turned his back on life and death.
On the one hand, Qian went to Beijing out of necessity, on the other hand, he was a little attached to fame and fortune. Unexpectedly, the Qing court only gave him a leisure post to compile the history of Ming Dynasty. Qian defected to the Qing Dynasty and felt guilty. Now the official is also timid. In less than half a year, he resigned and went home. In the fifth year of Shunzhi (1648), a 30-year-old gave birth to a daughter named Qian Shengtian. Under Liu's persuasion and promotion, Qian lived a simple and happy family life on the surface, but secretly interacted with the anti-Qing and Ming-restoring forces in the southwest and southeast seas, and got Liu's full support, showing strong patriotic national integrity. Although it didn't succeed, people's views on money have changed a little. 1650, the Jiangyun Building suddenly caught fire, and tens of thousands of books and famous porcelain stones hidden in the building were set on fire, resulting in huge losses. 1664, Qian was 83 years old and died in Hangzhou. Fifty-three days after her husband's death, 46-year-old Liu ended his ups and downs with a three-foot white silk. A generation of strange women, fragrant and dead. Double suicide or forced suicide? Why did Liu commit suicide and die? People are talking about it. First, the preference for money. When Qian Liu got married, Qian's first wife, Mrs. Chen, was still alive, but Qian was openly "polite" to Liu, and reluctantly sold the Song version of Hanshu, which had been treasured for many years, and "squandered millions" for Liu Jianyuan. This violation of etiquette aroused strong protests from local gentry. On the wedding day, "Qinchuan gentlemen talked a lot, and some even threw bricks and ribbons and smashed gravel cars." The shepherd sucks ink, smiles at the mirror and presents makeup poems. Thanks to Liu, of course, he had the experience of being a concubine and had been ravaged by others. After marriage, Liu was bohemian and never changed his true colors. He often has fun with a group of friends in money and gets drunk, which is quite a legacy. Qian didn't mind, but called her "a beauty is a genius, and Pengshan is first-class in the art garden". Liu Ye is deeply impressed by the indulgence and tolerance of money. Therefore, when Qian Shunzhi was arrested in the Huang case for five years, Liu, who had refused to enter Beijing as a newly-married pet daughter, was willing to be the prisoner's family. After many efforts, the money was saved without guilt. For this reason, Qian was so grateful that he wrote the poem "It is difficult to be a good wife" regardless of the existence of his first wife. Qian Ceng is the leader of the Party and enjoys a high reputation in the society. After the death of money, it is understandable and reasonable for Wei Liu to die. Second, being forced to commit suicide. After the marriage between Liu and Qian family, he has been in control of the economic power of Qian family for more than 20 years, which makes the people of Qian family unbearable. After the death of money, a struggle for property broke out. The Qian family's money ordered others to make a scene when their master was in mourning, forcing Liu to hand over his property, and immediately seized 600 mu of land and hired more than a dozen servants. On June 28, he asked Liu for 3,200 yuan, saying, "If you have it, you will live; If you don't do this, you will die. Don't be short and don't be late. " Entering the house, rubbing their hands and swearing, threatening to drive Liu's only daughter and son-in-law out of the house. However, after the building fire, the financial resources of the Qian family were greatly reduced. When money is seriously ill, buy drugs on credit from pharmacies. Even if you have money, with Liu's arrogance, how can you tolerate these shameless unruly people? But after all, she is a weak woman who has lost her backer. Unable to fight and unwilling to compromise, she finally had to go to a dead end. Before she died, she said in her suicide note to her daughter, "I have been in your house for 25 years and have never been angry with others." Today, I was humiliated to my face. I have to die, but after I die, you should treat your brother and sister-in-law like your parents. You should show my brother your face and let your father know me. Therefore, Biography of Talented Women in China and other books hold that Liu committed suicide after being chased. Third, the theory of desperate suicide. Liu Hao I, who is bent on her own way, is full of magnificent fantasies and pursuits in both state affairs and family affairs, but the reality gives her a harsh answer. She once accepted the love of the Song Dynasty, but the bullying and inducements of the Song mother and the ambiguity of the Song Dynasty made Liu Yidao break the string and be loyal to both. Later, Song made his fortune and became one of the ministers of the new dynasty. His talent and personality seemed to have been seen through by Liu long ago. She took the initiative to pursue Chen Zilong, and Chen Zilong was one of the three greatest poets in Ming Dynasty with the highest moral integrity at that time. Although Chen's wife hit Yuanyang, Liu did not regret it. Later, she not only kept poetry contact with Chen Zilong, but also strongly supported Chen Zilong's anti-Qing activities until Chen Zilong was captured and killed. Later, she took the initiative to take refuge in money and valued his knowledge and the reputation of the party leader. But when the Qing people crossed the river and money greeted them, Liu was very angry and left a famous saying, "You died, I died." After Qian retired, he took advantage of the influence of Qian's family and actively participated in anti-Qing activities throughout the country. Since Zheng Chenggong came to Changshu to study with Qian in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Liu even studied the current politics with him as a teacher, and evaluated the gains and losses, which laid a certain foundation for Zheng's anti-clearing and regaining sight. However, in the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the Hong Guang regime was eliminated, and in the third year (1646), the Longwu regime, Wang Lu regime and Shaowu regime were successively eliminated. In the eighteenth year (166 1), Li Yong was captured and killed by Wu Sangui the following year. With the collapse of the last regime in Nanming, the hope of seeing the light again was completely shattered. Now that her husband is dead, the so-called state affairs and family affairs are all sad. She was desperate. How did Liu Can Shi Ru, who has always been a martyr, drag out an ignoble existence? She wrote in her suicide note: "After death, the coffin can't be buried, because the land has been occupied by people. It is necessary to hang chains in the earthen house and then put the coffin on the chains. "Its patriotism is beyond words. After despair, her suicide was inevitable, and the clan's extortion of money only accelerated the process. Liu's later story
Liu Wencai ranks first among the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai", and his works have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Wuyin Grass, Grass on the Lake, Dongshan Appreciation Collection, Miscellaneous Notes of Hongdu Village, Poems of Hedong County, Red Feather, Poems of My Yuanyang Building, etc. Its quantity and the beauty of words are staggering. Qing people thought that his "Zushu" was "gorgeous over the Six Dynasties and affectionate over the class". Her paintings and calligraphy are also very famous, and later generations praised them as "iron fists and silver hooks, which have collected wonderful traces" and have always been treasures. Chen Yinque, a master of contemporary Chinese studies, not only praised Wei Liu as a "famous woman", but also wrote a monograph Liu Chuan with more than 800,000 words for her when she was blind at the age of 80. He is in Liu's biography? Origin said: "When we search for Qian Liu's works, we often see that they are lonely and bear a grudge, and some people can't help themselves." What makes Teacher Chen "uncontrollable" is not only her peerless talent, but also her valuable integrity. In Mr. Chen's poem, he said: High-rise buildings are lost in thought and cry for no reason. The weather is strange and feminine, and Jiang Guan will save her old age. What is left is a little tear, desperate and calm. If you stay in the autumn pool, it is difficult for people to complain. Liu knows something underground, so he should look back after 300 years and smile at his infatuation! After Liu died, he was not buried with Qian, but was expelled from Qian's grave. Liu's tomb is an isolated grave at the foot of Yushan Mountain. The stone tablet in front of the tomb is only a little more than one meter, which reads: Hedong Jun (Liu) Tomb. A hundred paces away, Qian was buried with his original wife. Alas!